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you

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[Music]

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the smoke radio for the masses headline

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edition july 8 1947

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the army air force's has announced that

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a flying disc has been found and is now

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in the possession of the army

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if the game is rigged change the game

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game changer

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i occasionally think how quickly

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our differences worldwide

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would vanish

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if we were facing an alien threat from

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[Applause]

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this is fade to black with your host

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jimmy church on the game changer radio

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i need your help to get to the year

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[Music]

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you're listening to fade to black with

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jimmy church on the game changer network

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good evening fade to

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for

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the

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[Music]

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masses

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yeah man all right enough for the

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goofing off

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103 days into the new year only 262

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days left

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we are live from a bunker somewhere in

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the middle of nowhere a total

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undisclosed location but it is beautiful

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in here

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it is

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i would like to welcome everybody

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listening all around the world all

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hither and tether to and fro back and

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forth up and down east and west north

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and south

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far and near

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this is fade to black for kjcr the game

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changer and annex networks racehobbs

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i am your host jimmy church what is

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cracking everybody how you doing

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how you doing

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all right

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excited about tonight's show

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because we have very special guest isaac

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arthur

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man man man

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you know i say this about every guest

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but

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when i talk about isaac arthur being

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here

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it's it's

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it's just fantastically

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ginormously great for me

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and tonight

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i'm going to talk about exo polit actual

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politics

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exoplanets

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and e.t and some o muammua and other

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stuff because isaac is here

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and i love science i love physics i love

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the universe and everything that goes

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along with it

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and and i have been following isaac

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uh since the beginning since the launch

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of his youtube channel

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and uh

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and if for me to have him on the show

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when he has influenced me

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so much it's just great it is absolutely

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great

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and uh so there you go tomorrow night

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right here linda moulton howe is with us

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and we are going to have a full night of

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antarctica spartan 1 and spartan 2

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and uh and i've also t you know and

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beyond

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and last week uh christina gomez and i

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uh and she's just fantastic and and

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christina and i did a show in antarctica

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last week and then

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uh

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antarctica came up a lot

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on thursday night when we had um

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uh did the show on the flat earth with a

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flat earth day

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antarctica antarctica all week long and

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then it was brought up again

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uh well a couple of times i'm trying to

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think we had

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uh somebody else last week that brought

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up antarctica anyway so it was just like

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antarctica

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and i already had linda scheduled

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and i thought you know what that's what

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we have to do the show on we have to

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continue this so we're going to do that

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tomorrow night um antarctica and also

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and it's kind of weird um

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and i'm just gonna say it like this

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after that flat earth show on thursday

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as crazy as that show was and it was

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certainly

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uh from where i'm sitting

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uh

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fascinating

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to

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hear the conviction

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of somebody you know like flat earth

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dave or any flat earther

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that is absolutely committed

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it's fascinating

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fascinating and so tonight

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we have on isaac arthur

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we get to

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get centered again oh

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we get to get back to what's real isaac

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arthur is with us tonight and uh no

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fader night tomorrow night no open lines

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this week so that's two weeks in a row

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and uh i will make sure that i book next

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thursday too as well and we'll go three

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weeks without uh fader night

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and uh so the next time that we do fader

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night it'll be all the more special

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all right

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and no matter what the comment was

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probably about yellowstone

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oh man

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but i gotta say

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uh no ufos

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no uh no science fiction no time travel

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no teleportation

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uh

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no

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right

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no

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it's

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and uh

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for those of you that have seen the show

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i gotta say so last night

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um i don't know what season i'm in three

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last night i saw the shootout

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with casey

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man man man

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i watched it three times i was like i

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gotta see that again man i gotta pack

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this baby up

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and watch that again yeah uh yellowstone

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yellowstone's incredible it's incredible

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just well written

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and uh lots of violence you know it may

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not be what you're expecting

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with john dutton but uh there you go

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okay

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uh i don't know what i was gonna say

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about yellowstone but i am sucked into

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it man

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i am sucked into it and i can already

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tell i know the new season is out but

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i'm going to be watching 1883

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the prequel

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it's absolutely incredible okay all

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right

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uh

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where am i at get your own crystal skull

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look at that

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you want one it's a baby einstein go to

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einstein the crystal skull.com check out

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the baby einsteins

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einstein the crystalskull.com

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i unboxed that last week you can watch

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the unboxing video right there on

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youtube

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and uh there you go einstein the crystal

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skull.com promo code jimmy 10 off of

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your order

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today coming up next month

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and i'm pretty busy for the next three

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or four months and uh coming up next

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month

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i'll be speaking at the x conference

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and it's uh starts one month from today

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may 13th and 14th next month and i'll be

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speaking on friday night may 13th

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and then right after i'm done there will

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be a live paranormal investigation from

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9 pm until midnight you can go and watch

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all of it

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and then it continues on saturday may

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14th for tickets and info this is an

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online only event

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great lineup of speakers by the way go

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to the

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xnetwork.com and get signed up for that

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that's coming up next month then the

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month after that in june june 18th one

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day event disclosure fest

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the mass meditation initiative one day

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only saturday

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june 18th in downtown los angeles

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california right next to chinatown at

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the los angeles state historic park i'll

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be hosting the event again this year

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i've hosted every year since it started

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and

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it's all simple disclosurefest.org

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just go to disclosurefest.org complete

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list there is a lot of speakers a lot of

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uh

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musicians and bands and talent

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and yoga and dancing it's it's just

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crazy workshops go and check it out all

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of that over

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at

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disclosurefest.org and then i'll be in

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egypt this october with billy carson go

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to forbidden knowledge.com

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for the complete schedule and info my

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birthday

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in october october 10th will be

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celebrated

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in egypt at the temple of luxor

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you

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want to be there with us

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all right so go to forbidden knowledge

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dot com follow me on twitter at

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jchurchradio the sandbox is hashtag f2b

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on twitter uh we've got chat rooms open

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you can go and do that spreaker or over

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at youtube and of course uh right here

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on twitter which is hashtag f2b and

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over on facebook

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all right all right let's get to the

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breaking news

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it's uh very interesting developments

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today after that subway shooting in

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brooklyn

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james

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was arrested by patrol officers from the

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ninth precinct in the east village of

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new york city earlier today

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the new york police department arrested

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james after he called in

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on himself

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on its crime stoppers hotline and told

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authorities he was at a mcdonald's on

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the lower east side of manhattan

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officers did not find him there but

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spotted him just around the corner the

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brooklyn u.s attorney said that the

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subway shooting suspect will be charged

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in federal court

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huge milestone today the james webb

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space telescope notched a cool

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milestone literally uh during its

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months-long calibration for deep space

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observations the final instrument aboard

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the 10 billion james webb space

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telescope finally achieved its operating

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temperature

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of just above

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absolute zero

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the successful cooling ensures that the

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observatory will be able to probe cosmic

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objects in infrared light the telescope

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has been cooling ever since its launch

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on december 25th 2021 christmas day

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bringing it to the frigid temperatures

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necessary for the miri m-i-r-i

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to accurately detect infrared light

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which manifests

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as heat

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mary needs to be at a temperature

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that's a little below seven degrees

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kelvin which is equivalent to

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447 degrees fahrenheit

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and that's chile and that's a cool

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milestone the first all private

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astronaut team gets down to science

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aboard the international space station

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the crew of the ax1 mission michael

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lopez uh larry connor

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eaton steve and mark pathy are currently

288
00:17:49,190 --> 00:17:46,880
hard at work conducting different types

289
00:17:51,669 --> 00:17:49,200
of research on the iss to help further

290
00:17:54,390 --> 00:17:51,679
advance human space flight

291
00:17:55,750 --> 00:17:54,400
some of the onboard experiments carried

292
00:17:57,590 --> 00:17:55,760
out in cooperation with several

293
00:17:58,630 --> 00:17:57,600
institutions including the cleveland

294
00:18:03,669 --> 00:17:58,640
clinic

295
00:18:07,150 --> 00:18:03,679
include an eeg enabled space helmet

296
00:18:10,230 --> 00:18:07,160
and the first two-way

297
00:18:12,029 --> 00:18:10,240
holoportation experiment to be for to be

298
00:18:14,230 --> 00:18:12,039
performed in space

299
00:18:15,590 --> 00:18:14,240
holoportation i know what you're like

300
00:18:19,470 --> 00:18:15,600
what

301
00:18:23,990 --> 00:18:21,110
holoportation

302
00:18:25,669 --> 00:18:24,000
is producing a hologram of a person on

303
00:18:26,950 --> 00:18:25,679
the iss

304
00:18:30,150 --> 00:18:26,960
to earth

305
00:18:32,710 --> 00:18:30,160
and beaming a hologram of someone from

306
00:18:34,710 --> 00:18:32,720
earth to the space station

307
00:18:37,590 --> 00:18:34,720
at the same time

308
00:18:39,190 --> 00:18:37,600
and communicating

309
00:18:42,390 --> 00:18:39,200
star wars

310
00:18:44,390 --> 00:18:42,400
remember princess leah

311
00:18:45,990 --> 00:18:44,400
popped out of

312
00:18:47,830 --> 00:18:46,000
r2d2

313
00:18:49,110 --> 00:18:47,840
it's like that

314
00:18:52,470 --> 00:18:49,120
all right

315
00:18:57,750 --> 00:18:52,480
the iconic blue guitar kurt cobain

316
00:19:00,470 --> 00:18:57,760
rocked out with in uh nirvana's 90s hit

317
00:19:01,590 --> 00:19:00,480
smells like teen spirit in that music

318
00:19:04,230 --> 00:19:01,600
video

319
00:19:05,909 --> 00:19:04,240
is expected to fetch up to around 1

320
00:19:07,430 --> 00:19:05,919
million dollars when it goes up for

321
00:19:10,150 --> 00:19:07,440
auction next month

322
00:19:11,070 --> 00:19:10,160
with smells like teen spirit racking up

323
00:19:16,310 --> 00:19:11,080
more than

324
00:19:19,750 --> 00:19:16,320
1.4 billion views on youtube the 1969

325
00:19:21,190 --> 00:19:19,760
blue fender mustang is arguably one of

326
00:19:23,430 --> 00:19:21,200
the most seen

327
00:19:24,950 --> 00:19:23,440
and famous guitars

328
00:19:27,590 --> 00:19:24,960
in rock

329
00:19:30,789 --> 00:19:27,600
the cobain guitar is the star lot in the

330
00:19:33,909 --> 00:19:30,799
auction house's music icons auction

331
00:19:37,190 --> 00:19:33,919
taking place in new york and online

332
00:19:39,830 --> 00:19:37,200
from may 20th to the 22nd

333
00:19:42,710 --> 00:19:39,840
you got a spare mill

334
00:19:44,789 --> 00:19:42,720
you want to you know i i would if if you

335
00:19:47,270 --> 00:19:44,799
if you win the auction

336
00:19:49,590 --> 00:19:47,280
i'll hang the mustang

337
00:19:51,990 --> 00:19:49,600
here in the bunker right behind me

338
00:19:53,669 --> 00:19:52,000
uh it'll stay there it'll never move

339
00:19:55,270 --> 00:19:53,679
i'll just hang it right there and you

340
00:19:56,789 --> 00:19:55,280
can tell everybody

341
00:19:57,830 --> 00:19:56,799
that's my guitar

342
00:19:59,029 --> 00:19:57,840
okay

343
00:20:00,789 --> 00:19:59,039
all right

344
00:20:02,230 --> 00:20:00,799
that blue fender mustang that black

345
00:20:04,950 --> 00:20:02,240
headstock it's a good looking guitar

346
00:20:07,029 --> 00:20:04,960
it's got the racing stripes

347
00:20:08,950 --> 00:20:07,039
yeah let's get this show cracking happy

348
00:20:10,950 --> 00:20:08,960
birthday to today

349
00:20:15,110 --> 00:20:10,960
ron perlman

350
00:20:18,549 --> 00:20:15,120
is 72. now you know hellboy right we can

351
00:20:21,590 --> 00:20:18,559
go there so many great movies

352
00:20:24,070 --> 00:20:21,600
but now it's don't look up ron perlman

353
00:20:27,750 --> 00:20:24,080
is 72 al green

354
00:20:30,230 --> 00:20:27,760
today is 76 let's get together i watched

355
00:20:33,110 --> 00:20:30,240
a bunch of al green in concert videos

356
00:20:36,390 --> 00:20:33,120
today saw the old stuff too when he had

357
00:20:39,190 --> 00:20:36,400
that different look that hip look and

358
00:20:43,190 --> 00:20:39,200
then of course you know he grew up e

359
00:20:44,789 --> 00:20:43,200
street band stickman max weinberg today

360
00:20:48,789 --> 00:20:44,799
is 71

361
00:20:50,149 --> 00:20:48,799
and wasp guitarist randy piper today is

362
00:20:52,870 --> 00:20:50,159
64.

363
00:20:55,190 --> 00:20:52,880
our dead guy's birthday today

364
00:20:58,950 --> 00:20:55,200
is hillel slovak

365
00:21:03,750 --> 00:21:01,990
hillel was a founding member and the

366
00:21:05,990 --> 00:21:03,760
guitarist for

367
00:21:07,990 --> 00:21:06,000
the red hot chili peppers with whom he

368
00:21:11,430 --> 00:21:08,000
recorded two albums

369
00:21:12,470 --> 00:21:11,440
freaky styley and the uplift mofo party

370
00:21:14,789 --> 00:21:12,480
plan

371
00:21:16,390 --> 00:21:14,799
hillel also

372
00:21:19,110 --> 00:21:16,400
taught flea

373
00:21:21,110 --> 00:21:19,120
how to play the bass

374
00:21:23,909 --> 00:21:21,120
that's a fader fact right there

375
00:21:25,750 --> 00:21:23,919
hillel influenced an entire generations

376
00:21:28,470 --> 00:21:25,760
of musicians right here in hollywood

377
00:21:31,270 --> 00:21:28,480
california seriously

378
00:21:34,310 --> 00:21:31,280
during his career he developed a serious

379
00:21:36,549 --> 00:21:34,320
heroin addiction he attempted to quit

380
00:21:38,950 --> 00:21:36,559
many times but died of an overdose in

381
00:21:42,390 --> 00:21:38,960
his hollywood california apartment

382
00:21:44,630 --> 00:21:42,400
on june 25th 1988

383
00:21:47,270 --> 00:21:44,640
at the age of 26.

384
00:21:51,350 --> 00:21:47,280
happy birthday hillel

385
00:21:54,070 --> 00:21:51,360
otd on this day in history

386
00:21:57,190 --> 00:21:54,080
1928

387
00:21:58,789 --> 00:21:57,200
the first non-stop flight

388
00:22:00,549 --> 00:21:58,799
from europe

389
00:22:02,070 --> 00:22:00,559
to north america

390
00:22:05,190 --> 00:22:02,080
goes down

391
00:22:07,029 --> 00:22:05,200
and it wasn't london to new york

392
00:22:08,950 --> 00:22:07,039
nope

393
00:22:11,430 --> 00:22:08,960
it was ireland

394
00:22:13,510 --> 00:22:11,440
to greenlee island

395
00:22:15,909 --> 00:22:13,520
in canada

396
00:22:18,870 --> 00:22:15,919
that's right

397
00:22:21,190 --> 00:22:18,880
greenlee island was the first place

398
00:22:24,070 --> 00:22:21,200
they could safely land

399
00:22:25,669 --> 00:22:24,080
as they were crossing the atlantic

400
00:22:27,510 --> 00:22:25,679
he tried to get to new york couldn't do

401
00:22:29,190 --> 00:22:27,520
it they were 40 degrees off course

402
00:22:30,870 --> 00:22:29,200
number one but number two

403
00:22:33,029 --> 00:22:30,880
got an oil leak

404
00:22:35,270 --> 00:22:33,039
and it was either ditching in the in the

405
00:22:36,789 --> 00:22:35,280
ocean or fighting and the first thing

406
00:22:39,830 --> 00:22:36,799
they found

407
00:22:42,549 --> 00:22:39,840
was greenlee

408
00:22:44,950 --> 00:22:42,559
nobody there to greet him

409
00:22:49,669 --> 00:22:44,960
it's a true story on this day

410
00:22:54,789 --> 00:22:52,070
you ready

411
00:22:59,990 --> 00:22:54,799
house sparrows

412
00:23:03,190 --> 00:23:00,000
and house finches you know little birds

413
00:23:04,549 --> 00:23:03,200
both of them use discarded cigarette

414
00:23:07,110 --> 00:23:04,559
butts

415
00:23:10,070 --> 00:23:07,120
in their nests

416
00:23:12,390 --> 00:23:10,080
for pest control

417
00:23:14,710 --> 00:23:12,400
that's right

418
00:23:17,190 --> 00:23:14,720
they do

419
00:23:19,190 --> 00:23:17,200
look it up

420
00:23:20,950 --> 00:23:19,200
and that

421
00:23:22,630 --> 00:23:20,960
is your fader fact man i had to double

422
00:23:25,190 --> 00:23:22,640
check that one today man i vetted that

423
00:23:26,630 --> 00:23:25,200
thing i looked at it it was like matt

424
00:23:29,669 --> 00:23:26,640
yes

425
00:23:34,070 --> 00:23:31,830
tonight very special guest isaac arthur

426
00:23:35,190 --> 00:23:34,080
is joining us

427
00:23:39,270 --> 00:23:35,200
we're going to be talking about

428
00:23:41,750 --> 00:23:39,280
exoplanets and e.t tonight and omua muah

429
00:23:43,190 --> 00:23:41,760
tomorrow night linda moulton howe is

430
00:23:44,870 --> 00:23:43,200
with us so there's no fader night

431
00:23:45,990 --> 00:23:44,880
tomorrow night there's no open lines

432
00:23:48,149 --> 00:23:46,000
tomorrow night because we're going to

433
00:23:51,190 --> 00:23:48,159
spend the entire evening

434
00:23:52,549 --> 00:23:51,200
discussing antarctica and spartan 1 and

435
00:23:54,870 --> 00:23:52,559
spartan 2

436
00:23:56,789 --> 00:23:54,880
and then beyond all of that is tomorrow

437
00:24:01,669 --> 00:23:56,799
night with linda moulton howe

438
00:24:01,679 --> 00:24:09,190
river moon coffee

439
00:24:15,750 --> 00:24:13,990
river mooncoffee.com i would like to uh

440
00:24:17,269 --> 00:24:15,760
i'd like to do a river moon coffee

441
00:24:20,950 --> 00:24:17,279
commercial from

442
00:24:25,269 --> 00:24:23,590
yellowstone

443
00:24:27,590 --> 00:24:25,279
john dutton always drinking his coffee

444
00:24:29,430 --> 00:24:27,600
in the morning he's got that same cup

445
00:24:32,870 --> 00:24:29,440
all right i'll be out there

446
00:24:36,149 --> 00:24:32,880
yellowstone in the morning river moon

447
00:24:36,159 --> 00:24:39,669
saddling up my horse

448
00:24:44,149 --> 00:24:41,990
i know all the parts now to a horse

449
00:24:45,750 --> 00:24:44,159
saddle i didn't know one part to a horse

450
00:24:48,870 --> 00:24:45,760
saddle

451
00:24:54,070 --> 00:24:51,750
i know everything about training horses

452
00:24:56,549 --> 00:24:54,080
i can break a horse now

453
00:24:58,230 --> 00:24:56,559
yellowstone i could break a horse i am

454
00:25:00,149 --> 00:24:58,240
convinced

455
00:25:05,029 --> 00:25:00,159
i could break a horse i could make a

456
00:25:08,390 --> 00:25:06,710
i didn't even know they did that did you

457
00:25:10,789 --> 00:25:08,400
guys know

458
00:25:12,390 --> 00:25:10,799
that that thing

459
00:25:16,390 --> 00:25:12,400
get the horse to put on the brakes like

460
00:25:20,149 --> 00:25:18,710
all right tonight isaac arthur is with

461
00:25:21,350 --> 00:25:20,159
us

462
00:25:22,390 --> 00:25:21,360
and uh

463
00:25:25,830 --> 00:25:22,400
we're going to be talking about

464
00:25:28,470 --> 00:25:25,840
exoplanet tt and oh mumu and i suppose

465
00:25:30,950 --> 00:25:28,480
this is when i'm supposed to talk about

466
00:25:33,669 --> 00:25:30,960
the billions of rocky earth-like planets

467
00:25:35,669 --> 00:25:33,679
that are in the goldilocks zone right

468
00:25:37,909 --> 00:25:35,679
here in our milky way

469
00:25:39,750 --> 00:25:37,919
you know a little tune-up you know for

470
00:25:41,430 --> 00:25:39,760
the show tonight but

471
00:25:44,070 --> 00:25:41,440
nah

472
00:25:45,750 --> 00:25:44,080
i have something else in mind

473
00:25:48,549 --> 00:25:45,760
and uh

474
00:25:50,070 --> 00:25:48,559
i need to i need to get it out before i

475
00:25:51,750 --> 00:25:50,080
forget about it

476
00:25:54,870 --> 00:25:51,760
and it just becomes a part of the ether

477
00:25:57,590 --> 00:25:54,880
you know just disappears forever

478
00:26:01,350 --> 00:25:57,600
and it's and it's

479
00:26:06,630 --> 00:26:03,590
steve morillo and his wife pat just

480
00:26:07,990 --> 00:26:06,640
spent the weekend at my house and we sat

481
00:26:11,269 --> 00:26:08,000
around for a couple of days and just

482
00:26:14,070 --> 00:26:11,279
talked like we always do and steve is

483
00:26:15,269 --> 00:26:14,080
one of my best and closest friends and

484
00:26:16,710 --> 00:26:15,279
trust me

485
00:26:17,909 --> 00:26:16,720
we click

486
00:26:20,070 --> 00:26:17,919
we do

487
00:26:22,950 --> 00:26:20,080
we click we understand each other you

488
00:26:25,590 --> 00:26:22,960
know and so far we haven't messed it up

489
00:26:27,750 --> 00:26:25,600
right it's all good

490
00:26:29,350 --> 00:26:27,760
anyway um

491
00:26:31,350 --> 00:26:29,360
i know that i've talked about the beer

492
00:26:32,149 --> 00:26:31,360
can ufo sighting a million times on the

493
00:26:35,190 --> 00:26:32,159
show

494
00:26:38,549 --> 00:26:35,200
and i do get asked about it often but

495
00:26:41,590 --> 00:26:38,559
one of the best parts of that sighting

496
00:26:44,149 --> 00:26:41,600
and the experience was that steve was

497
00:26:45,909 --> 00:26:44,159
sitting next to me when it all went down

498
00:26:48,149 --> 00:26:45,919
you can hear his voice in the video that

499
00:26:49,750 --> 00:26:48,159
lucinda shot during all of the

500
00:26:51,350 --> 00:26:49,760
excitement she was here this weekend too

501
00:26:55,190 --> 00:26:51,360
as well spent the night

502
00:26:58,070 --> 00:26:55,200
and his description of what he saw was

503
00:27:01,909 --> 00:26:58,080
absolutely in the moment she captured it

504
00:27:04,830 --> 00:27:01,919
in real time not after not the next day

505
00:27:08,070 --> 00:27:04,840
but as it all went down

506
00:27:10,470 --> 00:27:08,080
and as steve and i roll through life

507
00:27:12,390 --> 00:27:10,480
over the next decade or two together

508
00:27:15,430 --> 00:27:12,400
we'll always have that beer can ufo to

509
00:27:18,549 --> 00:27:15,440
talk about when we play dominoes

510
00:27:21,269 --> 00:27:18,559
at the ufo researcher retirement home in

511
00:27:23,830 --> 00:27:21,279
studio city california

512
00:27:25,269 --> 00:27:23,840
but here's the deal

513
00:27:27,430 --> 00:27:25,279
steve and i

514
00:27:29,110 --> 00:27:27,440
haven't really talked about it

515
00:27:31,510 --> 00:27:29,120
the beer can

516
00:27:33,830 --> 00:27:31,520
since it happened

517
00:27:36,710 --> 00:27:33,840
and i know this sounds strange but

518
00:27:38,710 --> 00:27:36,720
others have talked about it and they ask

519
00:27:41,510 --> 00:27:38,720
us questions about it but

520
00:27:43,990 --> 00:27:41,520
but just the two of us you know well

521
00:27:46,950 --> 00:27:44,000
we haven't brought it up

522
00:27:50,230 --> 00:27:46,960
until this past weekend

523
00:27:53,029 --> 00:27:50,240
we relive the whole thing

524
00:27:54,789 --> 00:27:53,039
kind of privately you know blow by blow

525
00:27:57,190 --> 00:27:54,799
you know start to finish

526
00:27:59,590 --> 00:27:57,200
which isn't much honestly because it was

527
00:28:02,789 --> 00:27:59,600
only 15 seconds at the most uh beginning

528
00:28:05,190 --> 00:28:02,799
to end but then steve said what is still

529
00:28:08,070 --> 00:28:05,200
the crazy part of it all

530
00:28:10,870 --> 00:28:08,080
he said to me this weekend he said it

531
00:28:12,710 --> 00:28:10,880
was huge it was spinning and then it

532
00:28:15,430 --> 00:28:12,720
just disappeared out of the clear blue

533
00:28:20,070 --> 00:28:17,669
and he also said something that didn't

534
00:28:22,310 --> 00:28:20,080
fit what i saw

535
00:28:23,510 --> 00:28:22,320
he said and i quote

536
00:28:24,470 --> 00:28:23,520
it had

537
00:28:26,070 --> 00:28:24,480
two

538
00:28:29,430 --> 00:28:26,080
bright spots

539
00:28:32,310 --> 00:28:29,440
one on each side and you can see them as

540
00:28:33,990 --> 00:28:32,320
it spun around

541
00:28:37,029 --> 00:28:34,000
now remember we haven't talked about

542
00:28:39,830 --> 00:28:37,039
this for four years but when i tried to

543
00:28:41,669 --> 00:28:39,840
correct him on this and i said hey man

544
00:28:43,909 --> 00:28:41,679
it only had one circle

545
00:28:45,190 --> 00:28:43,919
you know and he kind of looked down and

546
00:28:47,190 --> 00:28:45,200
thought about it and i could see what

547
00:28:49,190 --> 00:28:47,200
was going through his you know and i

548
00:28:51,350 --> 00:28:49,200
didn't change his mind

549
00:28:53,750 --> 00:28:51,360
i could tell he was confused

550
00:28:54,789 --> 00:28:53,760
you know here we have two people same

551
00:28:57,669 --> 00:28:54,799
event

552
00:28:59,590 --> 00:28:57,679
different memories very interesting

553
00:29:01,590 --> 00:28:59,600
i'm right though by the way

554
00:29:04,070 --> 00:29:01,600
anyway for me

555
00:29:06,630 --> 00:29:04,080
my thoughts at the time haven't changed

556
00:29:08,870 --> 00:29:06,640
at all through to today

557
00:29:10,950 --> 00:29:08,880
and that is this

558
00:29:12,630 --> 00:29:10,960
when it popped out from behind mount

559
00:29:14,310 --> 00:29:12,640
adams

560
00:29:15,909 --> 00:29:14,320
i kind of went into a little bit of

561
00:29:18,310 --> 00:29:15,919
shock i did

562
00:29:21,110 --> 00:29:18,320
but i didn't flinch

563
00:29:23,350 --> 00:29:21,120
and i just wanted to really take a good

564
00:29:25,990 --> 00:29:23,360
look at it you know and remember it top

565
00:29:27,110 --> 00:29:26,000
to bottom and i did it's burned into my

566
00:29:29,990 --> 00:29:27,120
memory

567
00:29:32,710 --> 00:29:31,590
that whole thing only took about 10

568
00:29:35,430 --> 00:29:32,720
seconds

569
00:29:37,750 --> 00:29:35,440
and that's when i started shouting and i

570
00:29:39,990 --> 00:29:37,760
was like pictures pictures ufo ufo you

571
00:29:42,549 --> 00:29:40,000
know and and steve who's sitting right

572
00:29:43,590 --> 00:29:42,559
here when when i pointed at the mountain

573
00:29:47,029 --> 00:29:43,600
i could

574
00:29:52,389 --> 00:29:47,039
and

575
00:29:55,990 --> 00:29:52,399
next to me to my right he saw it all he

576
00:29:58,070 --> 00:29:56,000
saw the whole thing two friends

577
00:30:00,389 --> 00:29:58,080
witnesses to one of the most incredible

578
00:30:02,870 --> 00:30:00,399
ufo sightings ever

579
00:30:04,789 --> 00:30:02,880
daylight big moving

580
00:30:06,549 --> 00:30:04,799
and it was going to last for a while and

581
00:30:08,950 --> 00:30:06,559
we were going to sit there and enjoy it

582
00:30:11,590 --> 00:30:08,960
it was slowly moving east

583
00:30:14,389 --> 00:30:11,600
there was nothing but open cloudless sky

584
00:30:16,310 --> 00:30:14,399
for like 50 miles

585
00:30:18,630 --> 00:30:16,320
i took one last look and then i jumped

586
00:30:20,870 --> 00:30:18,640
back on the binoculars and between that

587
00:30:23,110 --> 00:30:20,880
last naked eye glance

588
00:30:25,510 --> 00:30:23,120
and the two seconds it took me to you

589
00:30:27,750 --> 00:30:25,520
know look through the eyepiece you know

590
00:30:30,549 --> 00:30:27,760
like this

591
00:30:32,149 --> 00:30:30,559
steve said the words

592
00:30:34,070 --> 00:30:32,159
it faced out man

593
00:30:36,470 --> 00:30:34,080
it's gone

594
00:30:38,149 --> 00:30:36,480
i scanned the mountain and in the sky

595
00:30:39,750 --> 00:30:38,159
with the binoculars and hopes that it

596
00:30:41,269 --> 00:30:39,760
was still there somewhere but it was

597
00:30:42,389 --> 00:30:41,279
indeed gone

598
00:30:46,310 --> 00:30:42,399
and

599
00:30:50,710 --> 00:30:46,320
ended up getting the best of both in the

600
00:30:52,630 --> 00:30:50,720
ufo world i got to see it first

601
00:30:54,710 --> 00:30:52,640
and he saw it

602
00:30:56,470 --> 00:30:54,720
last

603
00:30:59,190 --> 00:30:56,480
now to be honest

604
00:31:00,950 --> 00:30:59,200
my my close friend got the best part he

605
00:31:04,310 --> 00:31:00,960
got the holy grail

606
00:31:06,389 --> 00:31:04,320
he got to witness a giant 400 foot tall

607
00:31:09,830 --> 00:31:06,399
ufo just fade away

608
00:31:10,980 --> 00:31:09,840
phase out disappear

609
00:31:14,070 --> 00:31:10,990
i can't wait

610
00:31:17,590 --> 00:31:14,080
[Laughter]

611
00:31:21,350 --> 00:31:17,600
i can't wait to tell our ufo tall tale

612
00:31:23,830 --> 00:31:21,360
you know in 20 years on bingo night

613
00:31:27,110 --> 00:31:23,840
at the happy trails ufo adult living

614
00:31:29,669 --> 00:31:27,120
center in downtown burbank california

615
00:31:33,990 --> 00:31:29,679
so if you think about it

616
00:31:35,990 --> 00:31:34,000
steve and i got that going for us

617
00:31:37,990 --> 00:31:36,000
we do

618
00:31:39,350 --> 00:31:38,000
this is fade to black i am your host

619
00:31:42,389 --> 00:31:39,360
jimmy church

620
00:31:44,070 --> 00:31:42,399
tonight on this very program

621
00:31:45,990 --> 00:31:44,080
isaac arthur

622
00:31:48,870 --> 00:31:46,000
isaac joins us we're going to be talking

623
00:31:51,110 --> 00:31:48,880
about tonight's exoplanets

624
00:31:53,190 --> 00:31:51,120
and e.t

625
00:31:54,710 --> 00:31:53,200
and no more tomorrow night linda moulton

626
00:31:56,470 --> 00:31:54,720
house here we're going to have a full

627
00:31:58,230 --> 00:31:56,480
evening

628
00:32:01,269 --> 00:31:58,240
all night long

629
00:32:03,590 --> 00:32:01,279
antarctica and spartan 1 and spartan 2.

630
00:32:06,070 --> 00:32:03,600
all of that tomorrow night and beyond

631
00:32:08,630 --> 00:32:06,080
no fader night this week no open lines

632
00:32:09,590 --> 00:32:08,640
you get

633
00:32:11,269 --> 00:32:09,600
nothing

634
00:32:13,750 --> 00:32:11,279
i'm yours jimmy church this is fade to

635
00:32:15,590 --> 00:32:13,760
black on the game changer and on x

636
00:32:17,269 --> 00:32:15,600
networks racehobs

637
00:32:19,029 --> 00:32:17,279
we'll be right back with isaac arthur

638
00:32:25,300 --> 00:32:19,039
right after this short break stay with

639
00:32:36,389 --> 00:32:34,149
[Music]

640
00:32:38,630 --> 00:32:36,399
this is nicole church daughter of you

641
00:32:39,549 --> 00:32:38,640
know who and you're listening to fade to

642
00:32:41,190 --> 00:32:39,559
black on

643
00:32:44,149 --> 00:32:41,200
jimmychurchradio.com and the game

644
00:32:47,830 --> 00:32:46,230
you're listening to jimmy church and

645
00:32:54,230 --> 00:32:47,840
made to black

646
00:33:00,710 --> 00:32:56,549
you're listening to jimmy church fade to

647
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fate to black will now pause for alien

648
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650
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652
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657
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664
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667
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669
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670
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671
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672
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this is jimmy church of fade to black

673
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and you can get our podcast for just two

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dollars per month all you have to do is

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click on the podcast banner over at

676
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677
00:34:32,149 --> 00:34:29,520
hi folks it's trembling times and fear

678
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679
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686
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687
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688
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697
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698
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699
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700
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701
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702
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703
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do you have an interest in the

704
00:35:31,109 --> 00:35:29,040
paranormal that you'll love

705
00:35:33,589 --> 00:35:31,119
thenxnetwork.com

706
00:35:36,230 --> 00:35:33,599
the x is your streaming audio and video

707
00:35:39,990 --> 00:35:36,240
for everything supernatural strange and

708
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mysterious like ufos bigfoot ghosts and

709
00:35:45,109 --> 00:35:42,240
so much more from hosts like jimmy

710
00:35:47,470 --> 00:35:45,119
church whitley strieber micah hanks and

711
00:35:49,750 --> 00:35:47,480
christina gomez visit the

712
00:35:51,829 --> 00:35:49,760
unexnetwork.com show page for a complete

713
00:35:54,230 --> 00:35:51,839
list of all the paranormal programs

714
00:35:57,510 --> 00:35:54,240
you'll find on the x be sure to follow

715
00:36:00,230 --> 00:35:57,520
us on twitter for updates at kunxdb

716
00:36:03,030 --> 00:36:00,240
follow our facebook group an x network

717
00:36:06,550 --> 00:36:03,040
find the podcast on spotify iheart

718
00:36:07,430 --> 00:36:06,560
audible and apple podcast it's time it's

719
00:36:11,030 --> 00:36:07,440
new

720
00:36:16,150 --> 00:36:11,040
it's the x x

721
00:36:19,910 --> 00:36:18,550
fade to black

722
00:36:22,550 --> 00:36:19,920
is not

723
00:36:26,710 --> 00:36:22,560
your father's radio show

724
00:36:28,710 --> 00:36:26,720
on the game changer radio network

725
00:36:33,270 --> 00:36:28,720
hi this is rob reiner from anvil and

726
00:36:40,560 --> 00:36:35,870
what's up i'm chris what up this is kyle

727
00:36:52,950 --> 00:36:46,510
[Music]

728
00:36:57,109 --> 00:36:55,109
all right fade to black i am your host

729
00:36:59,270 --> 00:36:57,119
jimmy church tonight one of my all-time

730
00:37:00,740 --> 00:36:59,280
favorite guests good friend isaac arthur

731
00:37:02,069 --> 00:37:00,750
is back with us

732
00:37:03,109 --> 00:37:02,079
[Music]

733
00:37:05,270 --> 00:37:03,119
tonight's

734
00:37:06,950 --> 00:37:05,280
full night of science physics our

735
00:37:09,829 --> 00:37:06,960
universe

736
00:37:12,470 --> 00:37:09,839
and uh i'll say it who or what or may

737
00:37:14,230 --> 00:37:12,480
something be visiting us uh we're gonna

738
00:37:15,349 --> 00:37:14,240
debate this

739
00:37:16,950 --> 00:37:15,359
tonight we're gonna talk about

740
00:37:19,270 --> 00:37:16,960
exoplanets though

741
00:37:21,510 --> 00:37:19,280
and uh of course a little et thrown in

742
00:37:23,750 --> 00:37:21,520
and some omumua to make sure that we've

743
00:37:24,950 --> 00:37:23,760
got all bases covered

744
00:37:27,430 --> 00:37:24,960
isaac

745
00:37:29,190 --> 00:37:27,440
is the host of science and futurism with

746
00:37:31,190 --> 00:37:29,200
isaac arthur right there on youtube with

747
00:37:32,589 --> 00:37:31,200
over are you ready for this

748
00:37:36,950 --> 00:37:32,599
now

749
00:37:39,270 --> 00:37:36,960
684 000 subscribers covering topics like

750
00:37:41,589 --> 00:37:39,280
colonizing the solar system interstellar

751
00:37:43,750 --> 00:37:41,599
travel the fermi paradox he's worn that

752
00:37:45,109 --> 00:37:43,760
out to it's the best artificial

753
00:37:47,510 --> 00:37:45,119
intelligence and other topics

754
00:37:50,310 --> 00:37:47,520
representing possible future paths and

755
00:37:52,230 --> 00:37:50,320
challenges for humanity he received his

756
00:37:54,870 --> 00:37:52,240
degree in physics from kent state

757
00:37:57,589 --> 00:37:54,880
university graduating top of his class

758
00:37:59,670 --> 00:37:57,599
at the age of 20 and then was recruited

759
00:38:02,829 --> 00:37:59,680
by the cia

760
00:38:05,510 --> 00:38:02,839
that's right he is an agent he is a

761
00:38:07,589 --> 00:38:05,520
misinformation disinformation agent and

762
00:38:09,270 --> 00:38:07,599
he lives right there next to wright

763
00:38:10,470 --> 00:38:09,280
patterson air force base so i'm just

764
00:38:13,030 --> 00:38:10,480
saying

765
00:38:14,630 --> 00:38:13,040
nah he's the best he served in iraq with

766
00:38:19,109 --> 00:38:14,640
the united states army

767
00:38:21,430 --> 00:38:19,119
and uh i'm just gonna say this you guys

768
00:38:23,829 --> 00:38:21,440
figure this out on your own he worked as

769
00:38:27,190 --> 00:38:23,839
a civilian researcher at the air force

770
00:38:28,790 --> 00:38:27,200
institute of technology in dayton ohio

771
00:38:31,109 --> 00:38:28,800
hangar 18

772
00:38:32,470 --> 00:38:31,119
where they got the bodies

773
00:38:34,390 --> 00:38:32,480
and i would like to welcome back to fade

774
00:38:35,589 --> 00:38:34,400
to black isaac arthur isaac how you

775
00:38:37,270 --> 00:38:35,599
doing man

776
00:38:39,829 --> 00:38:37,280
jimmy it's great to be back on doing

777
00:38:41,750 --> 00:38:39,839
great yeah and and uh

778
00:38:45,270 --> 00:38:41,760
and and and you know you know what's

779
00:38:46,550 --> 00:38:45,280
funny um isaac that in our community

780
00:38:50,150 --> 00:38:46,560
um

781
00:38:52,150 --> 00:38:50,160
we anybody that's got your pedigree

782
00:38:54,790 --> 00:38:52,160
squinty eyes man we just look at you

783
00:38:56,630 --> 00:38:54,800
with squinty eyes we just

784
00:38:59,349 --> 00:38:56,640
i'll make it worse i was actually out in

785
00:39:01,430 --> 00:38:59,359
california not too far from you but a

786
00:39:03,589 --> 00:39:01,440
month ago uh talking to the rand

787
00:39:06,069 --> 00:39:03,599
corporation which i first got introduced

788
00:39:07,190 --> 00:39:06,079
to by the simpsons episode which uh was

789
00:39:09,829 --> 00:39:07,200
doing the conspiracy theories at the

790
00:39:11,190 --> 00:39:09,839
time so the rand corporation officially

791
00:39:11,990 --> 00:39:11,200
talked for them

792
00:39:14,069 --> 00:39:12,000
so

793
00:39:15,190 --> 00:39:14,079
you were at the round building in santa

794
00:39:17,190 --> 00:39:15,200
monica

795
00:39:18,470 --> 00:39:17,200
the rand uh building the big big

796
00:39:21,109 --> 00:39:18,480
building there was a mushroom cloud out

797
00:39:23,349 --> 00:39:21,119
front yeah yeah in uh in santa monica

798
00:39:25,510 --> 00:39:23,359
yep it's curved it's like a half circle

799
00:39:27,270 --> 00:39:25,520
it is yeah i guess it is yeah yeah yeah

800
00:39:29,750 --> 00:39:27,280
i used to sit outside of the rand

801
00:39:31,670 --> 00:39:29,760
corporation and try to get photographed

802
00:39:33,190 --> 00:39:31,680
right

803
00:39:34,550 --> 00:39:33,200
they'll let you take photographs inside

804
00:39:36,790 --> 00:39:34,560
the parts i was at anywhere they have a

805
00:39:37,589 --> 00:39:36,800
giant chessboard in there so yeah uh i

806
00:39:39,190 --> 00:39:37,599
was gonna say there's not much

807
00:39:41,589 --> 00:39:39,200
conspiratorial going on there but i

808
00:39:43,510 --> 00:39:41,599
don't think that's actually true so yeah

809
00:39:45,589 --> 00:39:43,520
let me tell you something they you were

810
00:39:47,910 --> 00:39:45,599
in the clean part of the building

811
00:39:49,750 --> 00:39:47,920
because you know i mean there's a lot of

812
00:39:50,790 --> 00:39:49,760
demented thought that goes down in that

813
00:39:52,630 --> 00:39:50,800
building

814
00:39:54,710 --> 00:39:52,640
you know what i mean they contemplate

815
00:39:57,430 --> 00:39:54,720
things that would just

816
00:39:59,990 --> 00:39:57,440
make your uh curdle your milk you know

817
00:40:01,910 --> 00:40:00,000
and you know it's their job and i get it

818
00:40:04,309 --> 00:40:01,920
and and that's what they do

819
00:40:07,109 --> 00:40:04,319
but the rand corporation is no joke you

820
00:40:08,630 --> 00:40:07,119
should if i would have known um that you

821
00:40:10,630 --> 00:40:08,640
were out here

822
00:40:12,550 --> 00:40:10,640
um i live

823
00:40:15,109 --> 00:40:12,560
next to skunk works

824
00:40:17,190 --> 00:40:15,119
right so lockheed martin is a couple of

825
00:40:20,710 --> 00:40:17,200
miles as a matter of fact

826
00:40:24,230 --> 00:40:20,720
um the road outside of my house

827
00:40:26,069 --> 00:40:24,240
t-bones and i'm not making this it ends

828
00:40:27,589 --> 00:40:26,079
at their front door

829
00:40:29,990 --> 00:40:27,599
right you just drive you make it look

830
00:40:32,230 --> 00:40:30,000
like you just drive i mean if you come

831
00:40:34,230 --> 00:40:32,240
out you come out to the house right and

832
00:40:36,829 --> 00:40:34,240
the first thing okay church let's go see

833
00:40:40,390 --> 00:40:36,839
it let's go see skunk works

834
00:40:43,589 --> 00:40:40,400
dude 120 seconds

835
00:40:46,069 --> 00:40:43,599
that's it it's right there man

836
00:40:48,150 --> 00:40:46,079
and uh it's nuts and it's all out there

837
00:40:49,030 --> 00:40:48,160
air force plan 42

838
00:40:51,109 --> 00:40:49,040
um

839
00:40:53,190 --> 00:40:51,119
one of the things that is going on out

840
00:40:55,750 --> 00:40:53,200
there right now isaac

841
00:40:59,430 --> 00:40:55,760
which is great interest for you

842
00:41:04,069 --> 00:40:59,440
is the new b21 not the b2

843
00:41:06,870 --> 00:41:04,079
the new b21 and it is getting ready

844
00:41:09,510 --> 00:41:06,880
for its initial flight test

845
00:41:11,190 --> 00:41:09,520
they've got air in the tires right

846
00:41:13,030 --> 00:41:11,200
they've got they're they're going

847
00:41:14,870 --> 00:41:13,040
through all the systems check and they

848
00:41:16,069 --> 00:41:14,880
they haven't enabled they probably won't

849
00:41:18,309 --> 00:41:16,079
announce you know when they're going to

850
00:41:21,030 --> 00:41:18,319
do this but i will see it

851
00:41:23,109 --> 00:41:21,040
and uh it's right there it's right there

852
00:41:25,190 --> 00:41:23,119
so cool i wanted to ask you this though

853
00:41:28,550 --> 00:41:25,200
i want to start off the show

854
00:41:33,910 --> 00:41:30,870
your youtube channel

855
00:41:36,470 --> 00:41:33,920
is big and and congratulations on that

856
00:41:38,790 --> 00:41:36,480
and i feel like i feel like i've been a

857
00:41:39,990 --> 00:41:38,800
part of the family since it started

858
00:41:41,910 --> 00:41:40,000
because

859
00:41:44,790 --> 00:41:41,920
i reached out to you and yeah yeah you

860
00:41:46,790 --> 00:41:44,800
had like 30 000 followers then and i and

861
00:41:50,150 --> 00:41:46,800
i watched it you know bill i mean

862
00:41:53,910 --> 00:41:50,160
obviously you know and uh

863
00:41:56,870 --> 00:41:53,920
but to see that and where it is today

864
00:41:59,030 --> 00:41:56,880
and the development and the evolution of

865
00:42:00,950 --> 00:41:59,040
everything and and what you have turned

866
00:42:03,190 --> 00:42:00,960
into and built this audience it's just

867
00:42:04,710 --> 00:42:03,200
absolutely incredible my friend it's uh

868
00:42:06,790 --> 00:42:04,720
it's been an awesome ride i'll say that

869
00:42:08,470 --> 00:42:06,800
i know you know all too well it's you

870
00:42:09,829 --> 00:42:08,480
get that audience with you for a while

871
00:42:10,710 --> 00:42:09,839
and it's just

872
00:42:13,430 --> 00:42:10,720
it

873
00:42:15,270 --> 00:42:13,440
if you love your job you never walk

874
00:42:16,790 --> 00:42:15,280
another day which is complete nonsense

875
00:42:18,790 --> 00:42:16,800
you'll just book 10 times harder but

876
00:42:21,349 --> 00:42:18,800
you'll like doing it but it's it's a

877
00:42:23,990 --> 00:42:21,359
great time isn't it

878
00:42:25,510 --> 00:42:24,000
okay so this leads me to my first

879
00:42:27,349 --> 00:42:25,520
question because

880
00:42:30,950 --> 00:42:27,359
you know your audience

881
00:42:32,230 --> 00:42:30,960
and i if i was going to make a guess i

882
00:42:35,589 --> 00:42:32,240
would say that

883
00:42:39,670 --> 00:42:35,599
probably half 50 of your audience

884
00:42:41,910 --> 00:42:39,680
100 believes in et and ufo and ufos are

885
00:42:44,710 --> 00:42:41,920
visiting earth today that's one of the

886
00:42:47,030 --> 00:42:44,720
reasons why they go and listen to you

887
00:42:49,670 --> 00:42:47,040
thank you hey we did a poll one time

888
00:42:52,230 --> 00:42:49,680
hold on hold on hold on don't let me

889
00:42:54,550 --> 00:42:52,240
this is my this isn't your show tonight

890
00:42:57,670 --> 00:42:54,560
this is my i ask the questions

891
00:42:58,870 --> 00:42:57,680
and it's this isaac hits his coffee like

892
00:42:59,910 --> 00:42:58,880
oh man it's going to be one of those

893
00:43:02,630 --> 00:42:59,920
shows

894
00:43:03,870 --> 00:43:02,640
um is but the other half of your

895
00:43:07,510 --> 00:43:03,880
audience

896
00:43:11,430 --> 00:43:07,520
scientifically fact-based pragmatic

897
00:43:13,190 --> 00:43:11,440
right and that's the other side

898
00:43:14,550 --> 00:43:13,200
here's the deal

899
00:43:16,230 --> 00:43:14,560
if you

900
00:43:17,670 --> 00:43:16,240
saw

901
00:43:19,349 --> 00:43:17,680
a ufo

902
00:43:20,790 --> 00:43:19,359
middle of the day

903
00:43:22,710 --> 00:43:20,800
crazy

904
00:43:24,550 --> 00:43:22,720
mothership not

905
00:43:26,710 --> 00:43:24,560
not some secret

906
00:43:30,150 --> 00:43:26,720
air force thing

907
00:43:32,470 --> 00:43:30,160
like a frigging ufo

908
00:43:33,510 --> 00:43:32,480
would you go and talk about it on your

909
00:43:35,990 --> 00:43:33,520
show

910
00:43:38,470 --> 00:43:36,000
oh yeah would you really would you would

911
00:43:41,349 --> 00:43:38,480
you alienate the half of your audience

912
00:43:43,190 --> 00:43:41,359
that would just go come on isaac are you

913
00:43:45,270 --> 00:43:43,200
a tinfoil hat

914
00:43:46,950 --> 00:43:45,280
i mean when we when we've done a pull

915
00:43:48,470 --> 00:43:46,960
out we checked in the audience was a

916
00:43:49,750 --> 00:43:48,480
little bit over half when the railway

917
00:43:51,670 --> 00:43:49,760
cam that i'm with the ones who think

918
00:43:53,349 --> 00:43:51,680
that alien life is probably nowhere near

919
00:43:54,790 --> 00:43:53,359
us right but could probably exist

920
00:43:56,870 --> 00:43:54,800
somewhere in the universe just you know

921
00:43:58,230 --> 00:43:56,880
not close uh and then everybody else

922
00:43:59,829 --> 00:43:58,240
broke up pretty evenly in the various

923
00:44:01,750 --> 00:43:59,839
camps but the biggest remaining camp

924
00:44:03,190 --> 00:44:01,760
after that was the you know the they

925
00:44:05,829 --> 00:44:03,200
they've been here regularly they've been

926
00:44:07,109 --> 00:44:05,839
here you know frequently and so i don't

927
00:44:10,230 --> 00:44:07,119
obviously wouldn't be alienating them at

928
00:44:11,750 --> 00:44:10,240
all but um you know we talk very vaguely

929
00:44:13,589 --> 00:44:11,760
about how we don't think there is going

930
00:44:15,109 --> 00:44:13,599
to be alien life anywhere near us and

931
00:44:16,309 --> 00:44:15,119
you know the audience still says

932
00:44:17,589 --> 00:44:16,319
otherwise

933
00:44:19,670 --> 00:44:17,599
so it would seem to me that be very

934
00:44:22,390 --> 00:44:19,680
likely that if i suddenly came out

935
00:44:24,710 --> 00:44:22,400
saying there was a ufo on my front lawn

936
00:44:26,390 --> 00:44:24,720
uh that a pretty good well once they

937
00:44:27,910 --> 00:44:26,400
assumed i wasn't drunk or making a joke

938
00:44:29,109 --> 00:44:27,920
at the expense would probably stick

939
00:44:30,790 --> 00:44:29,119
around anyway for the same ways the

940
00:44:31,990 --> 00:44:30,800
other folks do if people like you and

941
00:44:33,829 --> 00:44:32,000
they think that you're a good thinker

942
00:44:35,589 --> 00:44:33,839
they don't have to agree with you right

943
00:44:37,430 --> 00:44:35,599
right you know if they trust you then

944
00:44:39,190 --> 00:44:37,440
then when you tell them something

945
00:44:41,349 --> 00:44:39,200
i'd like to think that i would not abuse

946
00:44:43,670 --> 00:44:41,359
that but that if i if i tell them that i

947
00:44:45,030 --> 00:44:43,680
now believe in alien life's physios

948
00:44:46,870 --> 00:44:45,040
they'd probably believe me a lot of them

949
00:44:47,990 --> 00:44:46,880
probably would so

950
00:44:49,829 --> 00:44:48,000
the ones who thought i was just crazy

951
00:44:51,109 --> 00:44:49,839
would probably still want to draw anyway

952
00:44:53,430 --> 00:44:51,119
exactly

953
00:44:55,990 --> 00:44:53,440
so you'd be willing to just jump out of

954
00:44:57,670 --> 00:44:56,000
the closet and be the crazy dude you'd

955
00:44:58,950 --> 00:44:57,680
be willing to be me

956
00:45:02,710 --> 00:44:58,960
and trust you

957
00:45:05,910 --> 00:45:02,720
and just businesses were crazy anyway

958
00:45:07,910 --> 00:45:05,920
true true true av lope uh you know he's

959
00:45:09,349 --> 00:45:07,920
definitely uh and he is hardly a royalty

960
00:45:10,870 --> 00:45:09,359
and folks saying well he seems like he

961
00:45:12,790 --> 00:45:10,880
might have might have gone a little bit

962
00:45:14,710 --> 00:45:12,800
off the edge it's like well off the edge

963
00:45:17,190 --> 00:45:14,720
further forth it's still good off field

964
00:45:18,390 --> 00:45:17,200
if you're entirely settled but you know

965
00:45:20,870 --> 00:45:18,400
people are still completely respect him

966
00:45:23,270 --> 00:45:20,880
inside the community he thinks that was

967
00:45:25,030 --> 00:45:23,280
an alien artifact and uh he doesn't say

968
00:45:26,710 --> 00:45:25,040
he's 100 positive he just thinks it's

969
00:45:28,069 --> 00:45:26,720
more likely or not and some people

970
00:45:30,870 --> 00:45:28,079
twitter about that some people think

971
00:45:32,309 --> 00:45:30,880
it's funny some agree but otherwise he's

972
00:45:33,750 --> 00:45:32,319
still the same physics he's always been

973
00:45:35,990 --> 00:45:33,760
really good at his job

974
00:45:38,069 --> 00:45:36,000
he's a very smart guy and i've

975
00:45:41,030 --> 00:45:38,079
interviewed him a lot i've talked to him

976
00:45:42,870 --> 00:45:41,040
quite a bit off of the air too as well

977
00:45:43,910 --> 00:45:42,880
and

978
00:45:46,470 --> 00:45:43,920
he is

979
00:45:48,470 --> 00:45:46,480
he's not crazy

980
00:45:49,829 --> 00:45:48,480
his deal is

981
00:45:55,589 --> 00:45:49,839
data

982
00:45:58,870 --> 00:45:55,599
scientist is pushing him in that

983
00:46:01,750 --> 00:45:58,880
direction he is just following the data

984
00:46:03,510 --> 00:46:01,760
and what it represents now it's nothing

985
00:46:05,750 --> 00:46:03,520
that we can you know measure and

986
00:46:07,990 --> 00:46:05,760
quantify and throw in a laboratory right

987
00:46:11,430 --> 00:46:08,000
now and he understands that

988
00:46:12,870 --> 00:46:11,440
but for for from his perspective from

989
00:46:15,990 --> 00:46:12,880
where he sits

990
00:46:18,069 --> 00:46:16,000
that's what the data says to him

991
00:46:19,349 --> 00:46:18,079
and what scientists are supposed to do

992
00:46:21,109 --> 00:46:19,359
right tell people what they think it

993
00:46:22,710 --> 00:46:21,119
says now if it's way outside the

994
00:46:25,190 --> 00:46:22,720
mainstream you have certainly got

995
00:46:27,349 --> 00:46:25,200
permission and and cause to take your

996
00:46:28,309 --> 00:46:27,359
time to double check that and make sure

997
00:46:29,589 --> 00:46:28,319
you're not just throwing something out

998
00:46:31,430 --> 00:46:29,599
there because it seems like that false

999
00:46:33,270 --> 00:46:31,440
but he's decided that's what the data

1000
00:46:35,349 --> 00:46:33,280
says to him it's not without cause

1001
00:46:37,190 --> 00:46:35,359
there's reasons to think that and he

1002
00:46:38,870 --> 00:46:37,200
came out and said it i admire that i

1003
00:46:40,550 --> 00:46:38,880
don't agree with that but i admire that

1004
00:46:42,309 --> 00:46:40,560
now i think she hasn't been a good

1005
00:46:44,150 --> 00:46:42,319
scientist one bit quite the contrary it

1006
00:46:45,190 --> 00:46:44,160
means i'm a better scientist

1007
00:46:47,270 --> 00:46:45,200
sure

1008
00:46:49,589 --> 00:46:47,280
man i love you man you're so smart but

1009
00:46:53,030 --> 00:46:49,599
here's the here's the thing

1010
00:46:55,190 --> 00:46:53,040
okay so you see something crazy you know

1011
00:46:57,670 --> 00:46:55,200
it's not ours you don't know what it is

1012
00:46:59,030 --> 00:46:57,680
because none of us do when we see

1013
00:47:01,430 --> 00:46:59,040
something but

1014
00:47:05,349 --> 00:47:03,910
what would

1015
00:47:08,630 --> 00:47:05,359
convince you

1016
00:47:11,190 --> 00:47:08,640
to alter your perspective of things

1017
00:47:12,069 --> 00:47:11,200
visiting us the side the siding is one

1018
00:47:16,150 --> 00:47:12,079
thing

1019
00:47:19,349 --> 00:47:16,160
well to support that what what would

1020
00:47:23,030 --> 00:47:19,359
that be for you to change for you to add

1021
00:47:25,030 --> 00:47:23,040
your own chapter to the fermi paradox

1022
00:47:27,510 --> 00:47:25,040
if it was something specific to me that

1023
00:47:29,589 --> 00:47:27,520
has hit that extra factor because if you

1024
00:47:31,030 --> 00:47:29,599
plan to do a hoax on somebody or try to

1025
00:47:32,630 --> 00:47:31,040
convince them of you know i am the

1026
00:47:34,870 --> 00:47:32,640
perfect person to target for somebody

1027
00:47:36,470 --> 00:47:34,880
like that right so if there's a landing

1028
00:47:38,470 --> 00:47:36,480
ship outside my front yard that i know

1029
00:47:40,630 --> 00:47:38,480
witness to i have to consider that it's

1030
00:47:43,430 --> 00:47:40,640
very probably that somebody is is you

1031
00:47:45,030 --> 00:47:43,440
know hoaxing me pranking me et cetera or

1032
00:47:47,030 --> 00:47:45,040
even just trying to help me plant false

1033
00:47:48,870 --> 00:47:47,040
information so i that's kind of the

1034
00:47:51,430 --> 00:47:48,880
anthropic perspective i can't assume

1035
00:47:52,390 --> 00:47:51,440
myself as an observer to be isolated

1036
00:47:53,990 --> 00:47:52,400
from that event

1037
00:47:55,990 --> 00:47:54,000
but would take for me to believe in

1038
00:47:57,910 --> 00:47:56,000
alien life actually visiting earth on a

1039
00:48:00,150 --> 00:47:57,920
regular basis would just be you know

1040
00:48:01,670 --> 00:48:00,160
that i tend to feel like if it's there

1041
00:48:03,589 --> 00:48:01,680
for sure it's not going to be something

1042
00:48:05,109 --> 00:48:03,599
you really have to doubt if somebody

1043
00:48:06,950 --> 00:48:05,119
gets off a spaceship that just came down

1044
00:48:08,870 --> 00:48:06,960
to the sky and they have four arms and

1045
00:48:09,990 --> 00:48:08,880
four legs and they say we're from a

1046
00:48:11,589 --> 00:48:10,000
different planet

1047
00:48:14,150 --> 00:48:11,599
my initial assumption is that that is

1048
00:48:15,510 --> 00:48:14,160
probably the case

1049
00:48:16,870 --> 00:48:15,520
i i still want to go through the proper

1050
00:48:19,030 --> 00:48:16,880
motions of the same thing and say well

1051
00:48:19,829 --> 00:48:19,040
would you mind if we scanned you would

1052
00:48:21,349 --> 00:48:19,839
be

1053
00:48:24,470 --> 00:48:21,359
dna testing

1054
00:48:27,270 --> 00:48:24,480
nasa you know right right right right

1055
00:48:29,349 --> 00:48:27,280
but you know the idea is like uh i say

1056
00:48:31,030 --> 00:48:29,359
intelligence recognizes intelligence you

1057
00:48:32,710 --> 00:48:31,040
could be looking through old wreck or

1058
00:48:34,870 --> 00:48:32,720
you know stones and say well this looks

1059
00:48:35,990 --> 00:48:34,880
like a knife point or even a hammer and

1060
00:48:37,510 --> 00:48:36,000
i'm not sure but it could be an

1061
00:48:39,589 --> 00:48:37,520
artificial object you know millions of

1062
00:48:40,630 --> 00:48:39,599
years old and say you don't have that

1063
00:48:42,150 --> 00:48:40,640
problem you come across some of these

1064
00:48:42,950 --> 00:48:42,160
old workshops like this doesn't look

1065
00:48:45,430 --> 00:48:42,960
like

1066
00:48:47,510 --> 00:48:45,440
a set of wrenches a bunch of hammers

1067
00:48:49,349 --> 00:48:47,520
some clearly decayed electronics no this

1068
00:48:50,630 --> 00:48:49,359
is artificial you know you don't come

1069
00:48:52,950 --> 00:48:50,640
across something like that and be in

1070
00:48:54,309 --> 00:48:52,960
doubt it's definite so you can have a

1071
00:48:56,150 --> 00:48:54,319
lot of things that can point towards it

1072
00:48:58,309 --> 00:48:56,160
and not be certain but when it's

1073
00:48:59,510 --> 00:48:58,319
actually there to be absolutely certain

1074
00:49:00,710 --> 00:48:59,520
i don't think anyone's gonna be debating

1075
00:49:03,109 --> 00:49:00,720
anymore there'll just be a bunch of us

1076
00:49:04,870 --> 00:49:03,119
just say well we were wrong you know you

1077
00:49:05,670 --> 00:49:04,880
get wrong

1078
00:49:12,549 --> 00:49:05,680
i

1079
00:49:15,990 --> 00:49:12,559
years uh about the flat earth

1080
00:49:19,109 --> 00:49:16,000
and i didn't really want to do either of

1081
00:49:20,790 --> 00:49:19,119
the shows but um but i did them for a

1082
00:49:24,630 --> 00:49:20,800
couple of reasons one i have an open

1083
00:49:26,069 --> 00:49:24,640
mind two i'm very interested to see how

1084
00:49:28,309 --> 00:49:26,079
people's

1085
00:49:31,270 --> 00:49:28,319
methodology works not their mind

1086
00:49:32,309 --> 00:49:31,280
necessarily but how do they get to the

1087
00:49:34,230 --> 00:49:32,319
point

1088
00:49:36,069 --> 00:49:34,240
where they just absolutely throw

1089
00:49:38,069 --> 00:49:36,079
everything out the window and then go at

1090
00:49:40,230 --> 00:49:38,079
something like that and then

1091
00:49:42,710 --> 00:49:40,240
have the dedication to

1092
00:49:45,109 --> 00:49:42,720
and i respect that right i really do if

1093
00:49:47,270 --> 00:49:45,119
you believe in what you believe in i

1094
00:49:48,870 --> 00:49:47,280
have a lot of i don't have to agree

1095
00:49:50,230 --> 00:49:48,880
but i certainly have a lot of respect

1096
00:49:52,150 --> 00:49:50,240
for that

1097
00:49:53,829 --> 00:49:52,160
that's fascinating astronomy for flat

1098
00:49:55,190 --> 00:49:53,839
authors it was enough to make me do an

1099
00:49:56,870 --> 00:49:55,200
episode on it one time i was like how

1100
00:49:59,589 --> 00:49:56,880
would you grow up building a flat earth

1101
00:50:01,030 --> 00:49:59,599
so um although i had the title at flat

1102
00:50:03,109 --> 00:50:01,040
earth's mega structure was to make sure

1103
00:50:04,150 --> 00:50:03,119
that people would be um won't confuse i

1104
00:50:07,750 --> 00:50:04,160
was making an episode about how the

1105
00:50:10,870 --> 00:50:09,589
i haven't heard your flat earth episode

1106
00:50:12,390 --> 00:50:10,880
i need to go and check that out but

1107
00:50:15,990 --> 00:50:12,400
here's the thing

1108
00:50:18,549 --> 00:50:16,000
um i'm so glad that you are on the show

1109
00:50:19,589 --> 00:50:18,559
so i can get back to reality and get

1110
00:50:22,069 --> 00:50:19,599
centered

1111
00:50:25,270 --> 00:50:22,079
and even though you and i agree on just

1112
00:50:27,670 --> 00:50:25,280
about nothing right but

1113
00:50:29,750 --> 00:50:27,680
but here's here's the thing

1114
00:50:32,710 --> 00:50:29,760
is uh

1115
00:50:34,390 --> 00:50:32,720
i was told by his name's flat earth dave

1116
00:50:35,349 --> 00:50:34,400
last week

1117
00:50:36,549 --> 00:50:35,359
that

1118
00:50:42,230 --> 00:50:36,559
space

1119
00:50:44,870 --> 00:50:42,240
water

1120
00:50:45,910 --> 00:50:44,880
okay now hear me out on this

1121
00:50:47,750 --> 00:50:45,920
that

1122
00:50:51,510 --> 00:50:47,760
uh everything

1123
00:50:52,950 --> 00:50:51,520
every it it's all fake galileo made up

1124
00:50:55,270 --> 00:50:52,960
personality

1125
00:50:57,270 --> 00:50:55,280
copernicus written into the history

1126
00:51:00,309 --> 00:50:57,280
books just to throw us off the scene not

1127
00:51:03,270 --> 00:51:00,319
a real person tycho bray right of okay

1128
00:51:08,150 --> 00:51:03,280
so everything everything's fake

1129
00:51:10,150 --> 00:51:08,160
and that uh space itself is not a vacuum

1130
00:51:13,030 --> 00:51:10,160
it's water

1131
00:51:16,230 --> 00:51:13,040
water and that's where our rain comes

1132
00:51:17,510 --> 00:51:16,240
from it comes from space

1133
00:51:20,829 --> 00:51:17,520
now now

1134
00:51:25,990 --> 00:51:20,839
no

1135
00:51:27,670 --> 00:51:26,000
let's get back to reality and talk about

1136
00:51:29,589 --> 00:51:27,680
exoplanets man

1137
00:51:32,309 --> 00:51:29,599
well water is the most common molecule

1138
00:51:33,750 --> 00:51:32,319
besides hydrogen out there so i suppose

1139
00:51:35,430 --> 00:51:33,760
you know there are quasars out there

1140
00:51:37,910 --> 00:51:35,440
that spit out entire plants worth of

1141
00:51:39,910 --> 00:51:37,920
water every minute oh yeah one of those

1142
00:51:44,230 --> 00:51:39,920
two very large amount of it regularly i

1143
00:51:45,750 --> 00:51:44,240
i did see a photograph uh some imaging i

1144
00:51:47,750 --> 00:51:45,760
would have to go back and pull it up it

1145
00:51:48,549 --> 00:51:47,760
was very interesting to see

1146
00:51:52,150 --> 00:51:48,559
uh

1147
00:51:54,710 --> 00:51:52,160
a water vapor cloud out in deep space

1148
00:51:57,750 --> 00:51:54,720
right it was like as big as a galaxy

1149
00:51:59,670 --> 00:51:57,760
crazy right right

1150
00:52:01,190 --> 00:51:59,680
yeah yeah okay it was it was you

1151
00:52:02,710 --> 00:52:01,200
probably know what i'm talking about and

1152
00:52:04,470 --> 00:52:02,720
that image was just

1153
00:52:06,710 --> 00:52:04,480
i mean crazy

1154
00:52:08,069 --> 00:52:06,720
uh to but we don't need to say that

1155
00:52:09,270 --> 00:52:08,079
because flat earth dave's gonna hear

1156
00:52:11,030 --> 00:52:09,280
that and go see

1157
00:52:12,470 --> 00:52:11,040
i told you

1158
00:52:14,150 --> 00:52:12,480
you know i i had that with some folks

1159
00:52:15,510 --> 00:52:14,160
when i say like i do that epsilon d

1160
00:52:17,030 --> 00:52:15,520
extinction how we could probably go

1161
00:52:19,430 --> 00:52:17,040
ahead and resurrect things like mammoths

1162
00:52:20,309 --> 00:52:19,440
and dodos in the next 50 years or so

1163
00:52:22,390 --> 00:52:20,319
it's not you know we have that

1164
00:52:23,589 --> 00:52:22,400
technology now do we deal with a walk a

1165
00:52:26,230 --> 00:52:23,599
little bit of guessing here on there but

1166
00:52:27,430 --> 00:52:26,240
we have that tech now right

1167
00:52:28,950 --> 00:52:27,440
and if you say well you don't tell

1168
00:52:30,710 --> 00:52:28,960
people that because then they'll relax

1169
00:52:31,829 --> 00:52:30,720
about their environmental safeguards and

1170
00:52:33,589 --> 00:52:31,839
they'll be been working with species

1171
00:52:34,549 --> 00:52:33,599
going extinct because i said well we

1172
00:52:36,549 --> 00:52:34,559
should probably just get a sample of

1173
00:52:38,230 --> 00:52:36,559
everybody's dna as a you know last

1174
00:52:40,390 --> 00:52:38,240
course get all those you know endangered

1175
00:52:41,670 --> 00:52:40,400
animals to get their dna and they said

1176
00:52:43,349 --> 00:52:41,680
that make people not want to keep them

1177
00:52:45,030 --> 00:52:43,359
around anymore because it won't have to

1178
00:52:47,349 --> 00:52:45,040
say well i'm not going to lie to people

1179
00:52:48,549 --> 00:52:47,359
about this option to make it

1180
00:52:50,549 --> 00:52:48,559
less likely they're going to preserve

1181
00:52:51,990 --> 00:52:50,559
the planet i'm just saying you still

1182
00:52:53,750 --> 00:52:52,000
was over the planet but it's okay to

1183
00:52:55,030 --> 00:52:53,760
have this as a fallback

1184
00:52:56,950 --> 00:52:55,040
and so you do have that with you know

1185
00:52:58,390 --> 00:52:56,960
with these kind of things sometimes you

1186
00:53:00,309 --> 00:52:58,400
i don't worry about if we tell somebody

1187
00:53:02,150 --> 00:53:00,319
who's got a belief i might not agree

1188
00:53:04,710 --> 00:53:02,160
with something that helps support their

1189
00:53:06,630 --> 00:53:04,720
belief now when he you know now he knows

1190
00:53:08,549 --> 00:53:06,640
the whole galaxy's full of water you

1191
00:53:10,710 --> 00:53:08,559
know well

1192
00:53:13,349 --> 00:53:10,720
and it's and it that's it's that's

1193
00:53:15,030 --> 00:53:13,359
what's surrounding us now okay so let's

1194
00:53:17,190 --> 00:53:15,040
let's get off flat earth let's let's

1195
00:53:19,430 --> 00:53:17,200
let's let's let's get back to sanity

1196
00:53:21,510 --> 00:53:19,440
here they just walk off the edge

1197
00:53:22,870 --> 00:53:21,520
let's go off the edge and into

1198
00:53:25,670 --> 00:53:22,880
exoplanets

1199
00:53:27,910 --> 00:53:25,680
and uh because i could continue this if

1200
00:53:30,710 --> 00:53:27,920
i told you what he said was uh uh on the

1201
00:53:33,190 --> 00:53:30,720
other end of the uh the other side of

1202
00:53:34,549 --> 00:53:33,200
the ice wall you know that surrounds the

1203
00:53:37,270 --> 00:53:34,559
flat earth you know what he said the

1204
00:53:38,309 --> 00:53:37,280
antarctica the true antarctica he said

1205
00:53:39,910 --> 00:53:38,319
he said

1206
00:53:41,270 --> 00:53:39,920
terra firma

1207
00:53:43,270 --> 00:53:41,280
continues

1208
00:53:45,829 --> 00:53:43,280
to infinity

1209
00:53:50,870 --> 00:53:45,839
it on the other side of the ice wall

1210
00:53:55,750 --> 00:53:53,510
a thousand continents

1211
00:53:56,870 --> 00:53:55,760
okay so i don't want your reaction let's

1212
00:53:58,230 --> 00:53:56,880
not do this

1213
00:54:01,270 --> 00:53:58,240
now okay

1214
00:54:02,309 --> 00:54:01,280
let's let's start here

1215
00:54:05,349 --> 00:54:02,319
and

1216
00:54:06,950 --> 00:54:05,359
i want to start with the drake equation

1217
00:54:09,510 --> 00:54:06,960
and one of the reasons why i want to

1218
00:54:12,230 --> 00:54:09,520
start with that i'm in the the second

1219
00:54:14,630 --> 00:54:12,240
read of of this particular book which is

1220
00:54:16,390 --> 00:54:14,640
a collection of astrophysicists and

1221
00:54:17,910 --> 00:54:16,400
scientists and intellectuals around the

1222
00:54:18,950 --> 00:54:17,920
world just commenting on different

1223
00:54:21,349 --> 00:54:18,960
aspects

1224
00:54:24,230 --> 00:54:21,359
on the subject of aliens

1225
00:54:25,750 --> 00:54:24,240
and uh nobody from the ufo community

1226
00:54:27,109 --> 00:54:25,760
just just out there and it's it's

1227
00:54:29,030 --> 00:54:27,119
interesting but

1228
00:54:31,910 --> 00:54:29,040
um

1229
00:54:34,710 --> 00:54:31,920
they're essays okay so there's i've had

1230
00:54:38,390 --> 00:54:34,720
there's 50 60 essays in this book

1231
00:54:39,990 --> 00:54:38,400
and so but one of the essays is on the

1232
00:54:43,829 --> 00:54:40,000
drake equation

1233
00:54:46,390 --> 00:54:43,839
and how the original formula i mean the

1234
00:54:47,349 --> 00:54:46,400
original numbers pulled from drake

1235
00:54:49,589 --> 00:54:47,359
himself

1236
00:54:51,430 --> 00:54:49,599
put the number at like 10 000 planets i

1237
00:54:53,030 --> 00:54:51,440
think was what

1238
00:54:55,190 --> 00:54:53,040
am i right yeah it was ten thousand

1239
00:54:56,630 --> 00:54:55,200
right sounds about right it was it's

1240
00:54:58,710 --> 00:54:56,640
very much there was a lot of guessing on

1241
00:54:59,750 --> 00:54:58,720
those numbers anyway so but i think the

1242
00:55:01,430 --> 00:54:59,760
ten thousand was what they thought would

1243
00:55:03,030 --> 00:55:01,440
be the low win number for the galaxy

1244
00:55:04,870 --> 00:55:03,040
right right right so the numbers ten

1245
00:55:08,309 --> 00:55:04,880
thousand and but

1246
00:55:10,789 --> 00:55:08,319
um and in this essay uh they they

1247
00:55:11,829 --> 00:55:10,799
started to comment about

1248
00:55:15,270 --> 00:55:11,839
how

1249
00:55:16,390 --> 00:55:15,280
that number is so far off now

1250
00:55:18,309 --> 00:55:16,400
in that

1251
00:55:21,910 --> 00:55:18,319
once you start to plug in what we know

1252
00:55:24,150 --> 00:55:21,920
about the milky way today and not 1960

1253
00:55:26,950 --> 00:55:24,160
version of the milky way when there

1254
00:55:28,309 --> 00:55:26,960
wasn't any exoplanets right yet and none

1255
00:55:30,630 --> 00:55:28,319
of that happened

1256
00:55:31,829 --> 00:55:30,640
where today we start to plug in these

1257
00:55:34,789 --> 00:55:31,839
numbers

1258
00:55:36,870 --> 00:55:34,799
and we have a greater understanding of

1259
00:55:39,270 --> 00:55:36,880
not only the amount of exoplanets in the

1260
00:55:41,750 --> 00:55:39,280
milky way which is every single star

1261
00:55:44,150 --> 00:55:41,760
that we see right okay so

1262
00:55:46,390 --> 00:55:44,160
uh there's that part but now we

1263
00:55:49,670 --> 00:55:46,400
understand stars a bit better and what

1264
00:55:52,870 --> 00:55:49,680
types of stars the ages of stars and

1265
00:55:55,510 --> 00:55:52,880
and the equation which went to

1266
00:55:58,390 --> 00:55:55,520
um uh guess work

1267
00:56:00,710 --> 00:55:58,400
right right complete your arbitrary

1268
00:56:02,309 --> 00:56:00,720
numbers are going in uh to get to this

1269
00:56:06,150 --> 00:56:02,319
number of ten thousand but the number

1270
00:56:08,230 --> 00:56:06,160
today with the drake equation is a crazy

1271
00:56:11,109 --> 00:56:08,240
big number now

1272
00:56:12,549 --> 00:56:11,119
um what what do you make of that when we

1273
00:56:14,470 --> 00:56:12,559
look at how many

1274
00:56:17,190 --> 00:56:14,480
i mean every star in

1275
00:56:19,910 --> 00:56:17,200
in the milky way theoretically has a

1276
00:56:21,990 --> 00:56:19,920
planet so now we could have upwards of

1277
00:56:23,990 --> 00:56:22,000
uh you know avi loeb said last month on

1278
00:56:26,549 --> 00:56:24,000
the show when i said a trillion planets

1279
00:56:27,750 --> 00:56:26,559
because now much more more more yeah

1280
00:56:29,589 --> 00:56:27,760
yeah people ask me how many plants

1281
00:56:30,870 --> 00:56:29,599
eventually colonized and is say could it

1282
00:56:32,549 --> 00:56:30,880
be you know hundreds of billions because

1283
00:56:33,670 --> 00:56:32,559
that's how many stars are saying no

1284
00:56:35,349 --> 00:56:33,680
we're going to have qualities several on

1285
00:56:37,990 --> 00:56:35,359
our own solar system bunch that won't be

1286
00:56:40,150 --> 00:56:38,000
the system think probably trillions

1287
00:56:41,430 --> 00:56:40,160
minimal

1288
00:56:46,390 --> 00:56:41,440
so

1289
00:56:49,190 --> 00:56:46,400
of the drake equation which was

1290
00:56:50,150 --> 00:56:49,200
trying to you know formulate a number

1291
00:56:53,990 --> 00:56:50,160
from

1292
00:56:56,069 --> 00:56:54,000
uh uh a balanced mind right we're not

1293
00:56:58,470 --> 00:56:56,079
just based on what we knew

1294
00:57:00,150 --> 00:56:58,480
the galaxy is 100 years old as of today

1295
00:57:01,670 --> 00:57:00,160
in terms of how long we've had this

1296
00:57:03,510 --> 00:57:01,680
concept of the galaxy that's not today

1297
00:57:07,750 --> 00:57:03,520
sorry this year that's a 100 year old

1298
00:57:09,910 --> 00:57:07,760
concept it's 1922. 1922. edward and now

1299
00:57:11,750 --> 00:57:09,920
we and it was in a few more decades we

1300
00:57:13,750 --> 00:57:11,760
knew how all the galaxies and how old

1301
00:57:14,789 --> 00:57:13,760
the universe was however the galaxy was

1302
00:57:16,950 --> 00:57:14,799
of course we just recently found that

1303
00:57:18,390 --> 00:57:16,960
way to rename the age of the galaxy too

1304
00:57:21,750 --> 00:57:18,400
it's not as old as we thought it was

1305
00:57:23,910 --> 00:57:21,760
order right and so we say how do we know

1306
00:57:25,270 --> 00:57:23,920
about all this data back in the 50s and

1307
00:57:26,870 --> 00:57:25,280
60s they already write about how we

1308
00:57:28,549 --> 00:57:26,880
figure there'll probably be a plan

1309
00:57:29,990 --> 00:57:28,559
around well at least one in 10 systems

1310
00:57:31,910 --> 00:57:30,000
we're gonna have planets right at least

1311
00:57:33,829 --> 00:57:31,920
that maybe a little less maybe more

1312
00:57:35,750 --> 00:57:33,839
maybe every one but that was not too

1313
00:57:37,910 --> 00:57:35,760
much response say one in ten how many of

1314
00:57:39,430 --> 00:57:37,920
those could support life well i say well

1315
00:57:40,710 --> 00:57:39,440
maybe one and ten of those and at that

1316
00:57:42,549 --> 00:57:40,720
point you're already up to the point

1317
00:57:44,069 --> 00:57:42,559
where it'll be a billion and then it

1318
00:57:45,349 --> 00:57:44,079
turns out to be more because we find out

1319
00:57:47,270 --> 00:57:45,359
that there's a lot more stars in the

1320
00:57:49,510 --> 00:57:47,280
galaxy than we thought when i was a kid

1321
00:57:50,950 --> 00:57:49,520
we caught our star a yellow dwarf

1322
00:57:53,430 --> 00:57:50,960
because it was smaller than most the

1323
00:57:55,349 --> 00:57:53,440
stars around it that we could see most

1324
00:57:57,109 --> 00:57:55,359
stars we see are the really bright ones

1325
00:57:58,630 --> 00:57:57,119
but our sun isn't like the top five

1326
00:58:00,390 --> 00:57:58,640
percent from mass

1327
00:58:02,069 --> 00:58:00,400
and that's just a visible star that's

1328
00:58:03,829 --> 00:58:02,079
right you know the red dwarfs are almost

1329
00:58:05,270 --> 00:58:03,839
everything and there's no reason life

1330
00:58:06,349 --> 00:58:05,280
can't live around them

1331
00:58:10,150 --> 00:58:06,359
for a

1332
00:58:12,150 --> 00:58:10,160
long time oh yeah yeah i was writing

1333
00:58:13,829 --> 00:58:12,160
about uh an episode recently where we

1334
00:58:14,950 --> 00:58:13,839
had found there's there's a star not

1335
00:58:17,430 --> 00:58:14,960
even 100 light years like you know

1336
00:58:19,430 --> 00:58:17,440
backyard practically that's 12 billion

1337
00:58:22,309 --> 00:58:19,440
years old it's a binary system uh

1338
00:58:24,309 --> 00:58:22,319
epsilon for an asset yes 100 years away

1339
00:58:26,230 --> 00:58:24,319
right and it's not really all that

1340
00:58:28,069 --> 00:58:26,240
spectacular but it's 12

1341
00:58:30,390 --> 00:58:28,079
billion years old

1342
00:58:33,829 --> 00:58:30,400
and it's going to be there for another

1343
00:58:36,069 --> 00:58:33,839
trillion years oh the the secondary will

1344
00:58:38,069 --> 00:58:36,079
be there the primary which is 90 percent

1345
00:58:39,750 --> 00:58:38,079
of the mass of our sun is its super

1346
00:58:41,670 --> 00:58:39,760
giant face sorry not supergiant giant

1347
00:58:42,789 --> 00:58:41,680
phase now sub giant phase and instead of

1348
00:58:44,630 --> 00:58:42,799
being a little bit dim all the sudden

1349
00:58:46,470 --> 00:58:44,640
it's four times brighter so it's getting

1350
00:58:48,230 --> 00:58:46,480
ready to end it will go as a red dwarf

1351
00:58:50,470 --> 00:58:48,240
and then it'll shrink back down finally

1352
00:58:52,870 --> 00:58:50,480
it's one of those very few stars no less

1353
00:58:54,789 --> 00:58:52,880
massive than our sun have died yet

1354
00:58:56,950 --> 00:58:54,799
and it is one of the examples of why

1355
00:58:58,230 --> 00:58:56,960
that's that's the case it's just it's 12

1356
00:58:59,589 --> 00:58:58,240
billion years old it's just barely

1357
00:59:01,190 --> 00:58:59,599
getting the point of dying and it's

1358
00:59:03,190 --> 00:59:01,200
still got a red dwarf giant about that

1359
00:59:04,630 --> 00:59:03,200
sorry a red dwarf companion man that's

1360
00:59:05,910 --> 00:59:04,640
going to be having boards around for who

1361
00:59:08,789 --> 00:59:05,920
knows how long

1362
00:59:10,789 --> 00:59:08,799
yeah and and so when we

1363
00:59:13,670 --> 00:59:10,799
that's a long time to evolve live yeah

1364
00:59:14,789 --> 00:59:13,680
and so uh looking at the drake equation

1365
00:59:16,710 --> 00:59:14,799
today

1366
00:59:18,390 --> 00:59:16,720
uh just in a general sense have you

1367
00:59:21,589 --> 00:59:18,400
plugged in numbers to see what it would

1368
00:59:23,870 --> 00:59:21,599
crank out do you have an idea

1369
00:59:25,670 --> 00:59:23,880
of a number

1370
00:59:27,990 --> 00:59:25,680
of

1371
00:59:29,349 --> 00:59:28,000
habitable exoplanets in the goldilocks

1372
00:59:31,829 --> 00:59:29,359
zone

1373
00:59:34,150 --> 00:59:31,839
uh probably in the vicinity of 10

1374
00:59:35,829 --> 00:59:34,160
billion plus or minus yeah that's great

1375
00:59:37,589 --> 00:59:35,839
and that's that's that's very dependent

1376
00:59:38,470 --> 00:59:37,599
on it what qualifies as habitable

1377
00:59:39,910 --> 00:59:38,480
because

1378
00:59:41,349 --> 00:59:39,920
if the plant's a little bit too big a

1379
00:59:43,430 --> 00:59:41,359
little bit too small it won't be a hard

1380
00:59:45,109 --> 00:59:43,440
atmosphere or it'll be all ocean and we

1381
00:59:46,950 --> 00:59:45,119
don't know quite enough yet to say what

1382
00:59:47,910 --> 00:59:46,960
mass it needs to be to be earth-like

1383
00:59:49,430 --> 00:59:47,920
because that's probably going to be as

1384
00:59:52,390 --> 00:59:49,440
big a factor as this distance from its

1385
00:59:55,270 --> 00:59:52,400
stall yeah yeah isn't that fascinating i

1386
00:59:56,549 --> 00:59:55,280
mean it's just mind-blowing and

1387
00:59:57,589 --> 00:59:56,559
we're going to head to a break in about

1388
00:59:59,990 --> 00:59:57,599
two minutes

1389
01:00:03,270 --> 01:00:00,000
um last week it might have been two

1390
01:00:05,910 --> 01:00:03,280
weeks ago uh but just recently

1391
01:00:10,470 --> 01:00:05,920
the announcement was made that we found

1392
01:00:11,270 --> 01:00:10,480
uh a spiral of stars in our milky way

1393
01:00:14,470 --> 01:00:11,280
that

1394
01:00:15,589 --> 01:00:14,480
are now nearly as old as the big bang

1395
01:00:17,990 --> 01:00:15,599
and

1396
01:00:20,150 --> 01:00:18,000
it's like hold on a minute now because

1397
01:00:24,150 --> 01:00:20,160
we always look at our sun

1398
01:00:26,230 --> 01:00:24,160
as you know a 10 billion year life span

1399
01:00:28,150 --> 01:00:26,240
and that earth and our center about the

1400
01:00:31,270 --> 01:00:28,160
same age right we'll just go with four

1401
01:00:35,589 --> 01:00:31,280
and a half uh billion years or so

1402
01:00:38,470 --> 01:00:35,599
and uh and life is here now and so we

1403
01:00:39,270 --> 01:00:38,480
probably had about three billion years

1404
01:00:41,670 --> 01:00:39,280
of

1405
01:00:44,470 --> 01:00:41,680
decent you know the latest three billion

1406
01:00:46,230 --> 01:00:44,480
years for our planet that it took for us

1407
01:00:48,309 --> 01:00:46,240
to get to where we are today about three

1408
01:00:51,030 --> 01:00:48,319
billion years yeah give or take and then

1409
01:00:53,109 --> 01:00:51,040
we have the cambrian explosion 600

1410
01:00:54,470 --> 01:00:53,119
million years ago where like the real

1411
01:00:56,710 --> 01:00:54,480
life started

1412
01:00:59,190 --> 01:00:56,720
so but it took four and a half billion

1413
01:01:00,069 --> 01:00:59,200
years with our planet to get to this

1414
01:01:02,950 --> 01:01:00,079
point

1415
01:01:04,069 --> 01:01:02,960
but then we start looking at this spiral

1416
01:01:07,109 --> 01:01:04,079
you know

1417
01:01:08,789 --> 01:01:07,119
ring in our galaxy that is that old

1418
01:01:11,670 --> 01:01:08,799
where life

1419
01:01:13,670 --> 01:01:11,680
right could have really had a jump start

1420
01:01:15,829 --> 01:01:13,680
ah it's it's it's the you got all these

1421
01:01:17,910 --> 01:01:15,839
cannibalized galaxies from the oh all

1422
01:01:19,270 --> 01:01:17,920
galaxy eats other galaxies left and

1423
01:01:20,950 --> 01:01:19,280
right and

1424
01:01:21,990 --> 01:01:20,960
the it's probably amusing the one in

1425
01:01:25,829 --> 01:01:22,000
question i think you probably think it

1426
01:01:27,750 --> 01:01:25,839
was called the gaian sausage galaxy so

1427
01:01:29,270 --> 01:01:27,760
which is not a mispronunciation so

1428
01:01:33,510 --> 01:01:29,280
that's another show

1429
01:01:38,630 --> 01:01:33,520
it's another show

1430
01:01:41,589 --> 01:01:38,640
that it's possible

1431
01:01:44,710 --> 01:01:41,599
that there are planets out there that

1432
01:01:47,510 --> 01:01:44,720
could have had a jump start on us by as

1433
01:01:49,910 --> 01:01:47,520
much as you know eight mil eight billion

1434
01:01:51,430 --> 01:01:49,920
years yeah

1435
01:01:53,510 --> 01:01:51,440
i mean it'd be pushing at that point

1436
01:01:54,950 --> 01:01:53,520
like the material for our planet we as

1437
01:01:57,270 --> 01:01:54,960
we say it's probably mostly six billion

1438
01:01:58,789 --> 01:01:57,280
years old all the actual rocky metal

1439
01:02:02,390 --> 01:01:58,799
that's usually what we date that too

1440
01:02:04,230 --> 01:02:02,400
right and um you know you could see life

1441
01:02:07,510 --> 01:02:04,240
even 12 billion years ago

1442
01:02:10,390 --> 01:02:07,520
it's a stretch it's a stretch but it you

1443
01:02:11,829 --> 01:02:10,400
know 12 billion or you know what matters

1444
01:02:13,270 --> 01:02:11,839
is that it could have been a billion

1445
01:02:14,390 --> 01:02:13,280
years for us

1446
01:02:16,870 --> 01:02:14,400
it could have been a billion years for

1447
01:02:18,789 --> 01:02:16,880
us very easily our planet forms 100

1448
01:02:20,630 --> 01:02:18,799
million years earlier and the cambrian

1449
01:02:22,390 --> 01:02:20,640
explosion happens a half million years

1450
01:02:23,589 --> 01:02:22,400
ago any of those things right you

1451
01:02:27,270 --> 01:02:23,599
shouldn't need more than a million years

1452
01:02:29,829 --> 01:02:28,549
it's just the dinosaurs have gotten

1453
01:02:31,109 --> 01:02:29,839
smart enough it had to do with space

1454
01:02:32,470 --> 01:02:31,119
travel they should have been there you

1455
01:02:34,950 --> 01:02:32,480
know that's that's the problem that we

1456
01:02:36,309 --> 01:02:34,960
see with that life could be

1457
01:02:38,230 --> 01:02:36,319
life could have been ancient before

1458
01:02:39,990 --> 01:02:38,240
earth was even around yeah that's right

1459
01:02:41,910 --> 01:02:40,000
now let me okay

1460
01:02:43,589 --> 01:02:41,920
i just blew past the commercial by 30

1461
01:02:45,670 --> 01:02:43,599
seconds

1462
01:02:47,349 --> 01:02:45,680
here's the quick answer

1463
01:02:49,109 --> 01:02:47,359
let's say

1464
01:02:51,349 --> 01:02:49,119
the comet

1465
01:02:54,230 --> 01:02:51,359
asteroid whatever doesn't hit the earth

1466
01:02:57,190 --> 01:02:54,240
75 million years ago

1467
01:02:59,829 --> 01:02:57,200
do dinosaurs build radio telescopes

1468
01:02:59,839 --> 01:03:04,470
i think they already built them but then

1469
01:03:07,270 --> 01:03:06,150
yes right

1470
01:03:08,549 --> 01:03:07,280
yeah i think that if they were the

1471
01:03:10,870 --> 01:03:08,559
dominant life form they probably have

1472
01:03:11,910 --> 01:03:10,880
gotten to space sooner of course some

1473
01:03:13,750 --> 01:03:11,920
say they might have been on their way

1474
01:03:15,670 --> 01:03:13,760
out already by the new way maybe you

1475
01:03:17,430 --> 01:03:15,680
just put a been a little bit of a delay

1476
01:03:19,750 --> 01:03:17,440
on us before we took over the planet as

1477
01:03:22,230 --> 01:03:19,760
mammals but no i think that there's so

1478
01:03:23,910 --> 01:03:22,240
many places in our in our evolutionary

1479
01:03:26,150 --> 01:03:23,920
path that a limited time could have been

1480
01:03:27,510 --> 01:03:26,160
shaved out by luck and so we either have

1481
01:03:29,510 --> 01:03:27,520
to assume that we are the lucky first

1482
01:03:30,549 --> 01:03:29,520
ones or we have to assume that we

1483
01:03:31,990 --> 01:03:30,559
haven't been and that somebody should

1484
01:03:33,510 --> 01:03:32,000
have been he was suitable yes that's

1485
01:03:36,390 --> 01:03:33,520
right you have stands but wouldn't

1486
01:03:37,349 --> 01:03:36,400
dinosaurs need opposing thumbs to do

1487
01:03:39,029 --> 01:03:37,359
that

1488
01:03:40,390 --> 01:03:39,039
let's take a break

1489
01:03:42,470 --> 01:03:40,400
take a break right here it might have

1490
01:03:44,470 --> 01:03:42,480
been what to do you know that saluting

1491
01:03:46,309 --> 01:03:44,480
hypothesis how how old can you really

1492
01:03:47,750 --> 01:03:46,319
tell you know how how much do you really

1493
01:03:49,589 --> 01:03:47,760
tell the fossil record about what they

1494
01:03:51,589 --> 01:03:49,599
had i don't think they they had really

1495
01:03:52,789 --> 01:03:51,599
the brain capacity for that but you know

1496
01:03:53,990 --> 01:03:52,799
what do you really get in the fossil

1497
01:03:57,029 --> 01:03:54,000
record

1498
01:03:58,789 --> 01:03:57,039
dinosaurs isaac arthur is one of us this

1499
01:04:00,789 --> 01:03:58,799
is faith to black i'm your host jimmy

1500
01:04:03,109 --> 01:04:00,799
church more with isaac after this short

1501
01:04:04,130 --> 01:04:03,119
break tonight it's exoplanets stay with

1502
01:04:20,950 --> 01:04:04,140
us

1503
01:04:26,660 --> 01:04:23,109
this is fade to black with jimmy church

1504
01:04:28,150 --> 01:04:26,670
on the game changer radio network

1505
01:04:30,630 --> 01:04:28,160
[Music]

1506
01:04:34,069 --> 01:04:30,640
your 1 million gigawatt paranormal

1507
01:04:36,230 --> 01:04:34,079
powerhouse kunx db

1508
01:04:38,390 --> 01:04:36,240
the x

1509
01:04:40,549 --> 01:04:38,400
this is billy carson founder and ceo of

1510
01:04:42,309 --> 01:04:40,559
forbidden knowledge dot tv forbidden

1511
01:04:44,069 --> 01:04:42,319
knowledge dot tv is the fastest growing

1512
01:04:45,910 --> 01:04:44,079
and one of the most watched networks in

1513
01:04:47,510 --> 01:04:45,920
the world i would like to personally

1514
01:04:50,390 --> 01:04:47,520
invite you to check out our expanding

1515
01:04:52,470 --> 01:04:50,400
library of tv film lectures and special

1516
01:04:54,549 --> 01:04:52,480
presentations forbidden knowledge dot tv

1517
01:04:57,829 --> 01:04:54,559
has over six 000 videos covering lost

1518
01:04:59,750 --> 01:04:57,839
history health ufos spirituality and our

1519
01:05:02,150 --> 01:04:59,760
future we are committed to our community

1520
01:05:04,230 --> 01:05:02,160
and with my personal invitation you can

1521
01:05:06,549 --> 01:05:04,240
right now get your free 30-day

1522
01:05:08,549 --> 01:05:06,559
membership at forbidden knowledge dot tv

1523
01:05:14,309 --> 01:05:08,559
your own library of information starts

1524
01:05:18,549 --> 01:05:16,390
because you never got that pony you

1525
01:05:20,230 --> 01:05:18,559
always wanted

1526
01:05:22,630 --> 01:05:20,240
damn it

1527
01:05:27,190 --> 01:05:22,640
jimmy church and fade to black on the

1528
01:05:32,789 --> 01:05:30,390
listen i know and you know that you've

1529
01:05:35,029 --> 01:05:32,799
always wanted your first crystal skull

1530
01:05:37,190 --> 01:05:35,039
or maybe you're a collector just like me

1531
01:05:39,029 --> 01:05:37,200
but you just don't know where to go to

1532
01:05:41,029 --> 01:05:39,039
find the real thing

1533
01:05:43,670 --> 01:05:41,039
then i met carolyn ford over at

1534
01:05:46,069 --> 01:05:43,680
einsteinthecrystalskull.com

1535
01:05:48,069 --> 01:05:46,079
carolyn is the guardian of einstein one

1536
01:05:50,549 --> 01:05:48,079
of the most respected ancient crystal

1537
01:05:52,390 --> 01:05:50,559
skulls in the world all of her unique

1538
01:05:54,710 --> 01:05:52,400
skulls have been imprinted sitting with

1539
01:05:56,710 --> 01:05:54,720
einstein in his sacred lodge and are

1540
01:05:59,430 --> 01:05:56,720
carved from the finest gemstone and

1541
01:06:01,430 --> 01:05:59,440
materials imprinting is the process of

1542
01:06:05,029 --> 01:06:01,440
receiving the ancient wisdom from the

1543
01:06:07,430 --> 01:06:05,039
master skull or master computer einstein

1544
01:06:09,190 --> 01:06:07,440
the ancient crystal skull to see

1545
01:06:12,510 --> 01:06:09,200
carolyn's current collection of crystal

1546
01:06:14,150 --> 01:06:12,520
skulls just visit her store at

1547
01:06:16,710 --> 01:06:14,160
einsteinthecrystalskull.com or click on

1548
01:06:19,270 --> 01:06:16,720
the banner over on our site don't forget

1549
01:06:22,150 --> 01:06:19,280
to use the promo code jimmy at checkout

1550
01:06:25,109 --> 01:06:22,160
to receive 10 off of your order today

1551
01:06:27,990 --> 01:06:25,119
that's promo code jimmy finding your

1552
01:06:31,589 --> 01:06:28,000
first or next crystal skull is easy just

1553
01:06:34,549 --> 01:06:31,599
visit einstein the crystal skull.com

1554
01:06:36,069 --> 01:06:34,559
hi racehobbs with the x obviously if

1555
01:06:38,309 --> 01:06:36,079
you're listening to this you have an

1556
01:06:41,670 --> 01:06:38,319
interest in unexplained phenomena like

1557
01:06:44,069 --> 01:06:41,680
ghosts bigfoot and ufos and by now you

1558
01:06:47,109 --> 01:06:44,079
know that we have our own ex blog the

1559
01:06:48,950 --> 01:06:47,119
next newsletter and the unex magazine

1560
01:06:50,950 --> 01:06:48,960
quarterly but most of you don't know

1561
01:06:53,029 --> 01:06:50,960
that we have started our very own

1562
01:06:55,349 --> 01:06:53,039
paranormal conference and this year for

1563
01:06:57,270 --> 01:06:55,359
safety this two-day ex-con will be

1564
01:06:59,589 --> 01:06:57,280
virtual so you can attend from the

1565
01:07:01,829 --> 01:06:59,599
comfort of your home ex-con presenters

1566
01:07:04,390 --> 01:07:01,839
include whitley strieber micah hanks

1567
01:07:06,789 --> 01:07:04,400
margie k and preston dennett lisa martin

1568
01:07:09,990 --> 01:07:06,799
and wayne lawrence lee spiegel debbie

1569
01:07:13,029 --> 01:07:10,000
zaglemeyer dan terry kate bravoski and

1570
01:07:14,710 --> 01:07:13,039
ray hernandez there will also be a live

1571
01:07:17,430 --> 01:07:14,720
paranormal investigation by the

1572
01:07:19,750 --> 01:07:17,440
riverside iowa paranormal team so come

1573
01:07:22,789 --> 01:07:19,760
hang out with us in the safety of home

1574
01:07:26,230 --> 01:07:22,799
as we set out to explain the unexplained

1575
01:07:30,029 --> 01:07:26,240
friday may 13th and saturday the 14th

1576
01:07:43,750 --> 01:07:30,039
2022 and tickets are on sale now go to

1577
01:07:47,510 --> 01:07:45,670
hi this is ray sobs here repping the

1578
01:07:52,069 --> 01:07:47,520
planet and you're listening to my good

1579
01:07:54,309 --> 01:07:52,079
friend jimmy church fade to black

1580
01:07:56,390 --> 01:07:54,319
this is toby kebble you're listening to

1581
01:07:59,430 --> 01:07:56,400
jimmy church jimmychurchradio.com

1582
01:08:01,670 --> 01:07:59,440
don't hurt me jimmy i'm only little hey

1583
01:08:06,870 --> 01:08:01,680
i'm adrian grenier and this is ari gold

1584
01:08:10,870 --> 01:08:09,270
hey i'm adrian grenier and i'm ari gold

1585
01:08:13,109 --> 01:08:10,880
we're the honey brothers

1586
01:08:14,710 --> 01:08:13,119
and you're listening to jimmy church a

1587
01:08:16,390 --> 01:08:14,720
revolution

1588
01:08:18,390 --> 01:08:16,400
this is jimmy church of fade to black

1589
01:08:20,709 --> 01:08:18,400
and you can become an official fate or

1590
01:08:21,590 --> 01:08:20,719
not by just going to our membership

1591
01:08:24,950 --> 01:08:21,600
section

1592
01:08:29,349 --> 01:08:27,030
hello this is serena wright taylor from

1593
01:08:31,669 --> 01:08:29,359
conscious life expo and you're listening

1594
01:08:34,070 --> 01:08:31,679
to fade to black with jimmy church who

1595
01:08:37,269 --> 01:08:34,080
holds the lucky pony record for the best

1596
01:08:39,510 --> 01:08:37,279
astrological chart since 1963.

1597
01:08:41,189 --> 01:08:39,520
true story

1598
01:08:42,789 --> 01:08:41,199
this is micah hanks of the grealian

1599
01:08:44,760 --> 01:08:42,799
report and you're listening to jimmy

1600
01:08:48,730 --> 01:08:44,770
church on fade to black

1601
01:08:49,110 --> 01:08:48,740
[Music]

1602
01:08:57,960 --> 01:08:49,120
[Applause]

1603
01:09:06,950 --> 01:09:05,110
[Music]

1604
01:09:09,189 --> 01:09:06,960
welcome back fade to black i am your

1605
01:09:10,470 --> 01:09:09,199
host jimmy church tonight isaac arthur

1606
01:09:12,950 --> 01:09:10,480
is with us

1607
01:09:15,189 --> 01:09:12,960
the host of science and futurism with

1608
01:09:17,189 --> 01:09:15,199
isaac arthur right there on youtube and

1609
01:09:20,390 --> 01:09:17,199
if you haven't already go and subscribe

1610
01:09:24,229 --> 01:09:20,400
to his channel and and get busy

1611
01:09:25,430 --> 01:09:24,239
i recommend to everybody uh uh with um

1612
01:09:28,709 --> 01:09:25,440
isaac

1613
01:09:31,910 --> 01:09:28,719
uh kind of do what i did all right

1614
01:09:34,470 --> 01:09:31,920
start with his uh i think it's i think

1615
01:09:38,789 --> 01:09:34,480
it's like 1100 hours

1616
01:09:40,149 --> 01:09:38,799
on the fermi paradox and and start there

1617
01:09:42,870 --> 01:09:40,159
and

1618
01:09:44,470 --> 01:09:42,880
those original videos um

1619
01:09:47,189 --> 01:09:44,480
uh

1620
01:09:49,430 --> 01:09:47,199
that first one

1621
01:09:51,189 --> 01:09:49,440
how how long was that you were doing

1622
01:09:53,030 --> 01:09:51,199
longer shows then

1623
01:09:53,990 --> 01:09:53,040
oh well the the no no they're still

1624
01:09:55,669 --> 01:09:54,000
about the same length with the

1625
01:09:57,430 --> 01:09:55,679
occasionally one that was a lot longer

1626
01:09:59,590 --> 01:09:57,440
here and there we actually have our

1627
01:10:00,950 --> 01:09:59,600
longest episode ever coming up in june

1628
01:10:03,350 --> 01:10:00,960
um but the

1629
01:10:05,350 --> 01:10:03,360
the fermi paradox compendium was 74

1630
01:10:07,270 --> 01:10:05,360
minutes long and that's called

1631
01:10:09,910 --> 01:10:07,280
current record horror has been for about

1632
01:10:13,270 --> 01:10:09,920
six years now and we'll lose that title

1633
01:10:17,350 --> 01:10:13,280
in june man i have listened to that over

1634
01:10:19,750 --> 01:10:17,360
and over and over again i admit it and i

1635
01:10:21,990 --> 01:10:19,760
i just steal from it i'm just i'm i'm a

1636
01:10:23,990 --> 01:10:22,000
thief i i've told you this for many

1637
01:10:25,350 --> 01:10:24,000
years man i just steal

1638
01:10:28,070 --> 01:10:25,360
um but

1639
01:10:29,110 --> 01:10:28,080
okay so we're talking about exoplanets

1640
01:10:31,990 --> 01:10:29,120
isaac

1641
01:10:34,310 --> 01:10:32,000
and exoplanets are wonderful we know

1642
01:10:35,830 --> 01:10:34,320
that every star that we can see in the

1643
01:10:38,070 --> 01:10:35,840
night sky

1644
01:10:39,990 --> 01:10:38,080
has a planet now right we can we can

1645
01:10:42,310 --> 01:10:40,000
erase that

1646
01:10:45,350 --> 01:10:42,320
you know that wonderment you know is is

1647
01:10:47,110 --> 01:10:45,360
you know pondering that that's over with

1648
01:10:48,070 --> 01:10:47,120
but here's the deal

1649
01:10:50,550 --> 01:10:48,080
um

1650
01:10:54,950 --> 01:10:50,560
we have a son

1651
01:10:58,310 --> 01:10:54,960
that has been remarkably stable

1652
01:10:59,990 --> 01:10:58,320
for five billion years it has uh you can

1653
01:11:01,590 --> 01:11:00,000
jump in and correct me because i'm not

1654
01:11:05,350 --> 01:11:01,600
the phd here

1655
01:11:07,110 --> 01:11:05,360
but um it we have a hydrogen core with a

1656
01:11:09,750 --> 01:11:07,120
surrounded by helium

1657
01:11:12,630 --> 01:11:11,030
hold on

1658
01:11:13,990 --> 01:11:12,640
just

1659
01:11:14,709 --> 01:11:14,000
let me finish

1660
01:11:16,790 --> 01:11:14,719
well

1661
01:11:21,430 --> 01:11:16,800
in in that

1662
01:11:25,270 --> 01:11:21,440
uh that is it at this stage of our son

1663
01:11:27,990 --> 01:11:25,280
we have been given five billion years of

1664
01:11:30,149 --> 01:11:28,000
relative stability

1665
01:11:31,910 --> 01:11:30,159
our planet hasn't fried out right there

1666
01:11:32,950 --> 01:11:31,920
hasn't been a burp there hasn't been

1667
01:11:35,910 --> 01:11:32,960
crazy

1668
01:11:38,630 --> 01:11:35,920
fluctuations in heat both cold or hot

1669
01:11:42,070 --> 01:11:38,640
you know coming from our sun

1670
01:11:45,669 --> 01:11:42,080
that when we look at an exoplanet

1671
01:11:48,070 --> 01:11:45,679
what is your requirement for that sun to

1672
01:11:50,870 --> 01:11:48,080
be so stable and

1673
01:11:53,510 --> 01:11:50,880
if other suns out there that are in the

1674
01:11:56,709 --> 01:11:53,520
same age range as ours

1675
01:11:59,110 --> 01:11:56,719
with a hydrogen helium fusion thing

1676
01:12:01,750 --> 01:11:59,120
going on are they

1677
01:12:03,510 --> 01:12:01,760
going to be as stable as ours

1678
01:12:06,070 --> 01:12:03,520
most we're not going to be at all most

1679
01:12:07,350 --> 01:12:06,080
stars are a lot more variable than ours

1680
01:12:09,750 --> 01:12:07,360
and not something without getting what's

1681
01:12:11,910 --> 01:12:09,760
called variable stars but the hydrogen

1682
01:12:13,189 --> 01:12:11,920
fusion process of the core turn hydrogen

1683
01:12:15,350 --> 01:12:13,199
the helium

1684
01:12:16,550 --> 01:12:15,360
um for our sun that really is very

1685
01:12:19,430 --> 01:12:16,560
different depending on the mass of the

1686
01:12:21,590 --> 01:12:19,440
stars involved how they burn them uh and

1687
01:12:24,070 --> 01:12:21,600
our sun has been stable for a long time

1688
01:12:25,990 --> 01:12:24,080
right how stable is hard to say and

1689
01:12:27,669 --> 01:12:26,000
here's the the other bit is how stable

1690
01:12:29,189 --> 01:12:27,679
compared to other stars right because we

1691
01:12:30,790 --> 01:12:29,199
can look back at some of our geological

1692
01:12:32,870 --> 01:12:30,800
records to see what the sun might have

1693
01:12:34,630 --> 01:12:32,880
been like ten thousand years ago maybe

1694
01:12:36,709 --> 01:12:34,640
in a million years ago for a nice layer

1695
01:12:38,149 --> 01:12:36,719
or something other from a storm

1696
01:12:39,910 --> 01:12:38,159
but we don't know what any of those

1697
01:12:41,910 --> 01:12:39,920
other stars looked like stability wise

1698
01:12:43,270 --> 01:12:41,920
except the last century or two we do

1699
01:12:45,590 --> 01:12:43,280
know is that most of them are a lot less

1700
01:12:47,270 --> 01:12:45,600
stable than our sun but there are some

1701
01:12:48,950 --> 01:12:47,280
that appear to be as stable so also we

1702
01:12:52,630 --> 01:12:48,960
don't appear to be a freak we're just an

1703
01:12:54,950 --> 01:12:52,640
outlier right we are we are not

1704
01:12:56,709 --> 01:12:54,960
necessarily the stable star out there

1705
01:12:59,430 --> 01:12:56,719
but we do appear to be

1706
01:13:01,030 --> 01:12:59,440
currently holding a tie for um not quite

1707
01:13:02,630 --> 01:13:01,040
a few other ones too

1708
01:13:05,189 --> 01:13:02,640
but uh that's probably gonna be a pretty

1709
01:13:06,470 --> 01:13:05,199
big deal on those because

1710
01:13:07,830 --> 01:13:06,480
i mean a lot depends on the atmosphere

1711
01:13:09,750 --> 01:13:07,840
on the makeup of a planet you know in

1712
01:13:12,310 --> 01:13:09,760
terms of how life is there but

1713
01:13:14,790 --> 01:13:12,320
a star getting really really really

1714
01:13:17,189 --> 01:13:14,800
flarey you know just or here for a while

1715
01:13:18,630 --> 01:13:17,199
being colder that's a problem we already

1716
01:13:20,310 --> 01:13:18,640
have a problem with it with all this

1717
01:13:22,470 --> 01:13:20,320
just as is with the faint young sun

1718
01:13:24,870 --> 01:13:22,480
paradox right right

1719
01:13:26,790 --> 01:13:24,880
the planet needed to have been

1720
01:13:28,709 --> 01:13:26,800
uh you know a certain temperature in the

1721
01:13:30,470 --> 01:13:28,719
past but based on what we know of how

1722
01:13:31,510 --> 01:13:30,480
stars evolve our sun should have been

1723
01:13:34,550 --> 01:13:31,520
about

1724
01:13:36,709 --> 01:13:34,560
70 of his biases right now back when the

1725
01:13:38,229 --> 01:13:36,719
life force started forming and

1726
01:13:39,430 --> 01:13:38,239
that doesn't match up too well though

1727
01:13:41,510 --> 01:13:39,440
there's you know there's a lot of things

1728
01:13:43,030 --> 01:13:41,520
we just don't know right now in terms of

1729
01:13:44,470 --> 01:13:43,040
what the real earth looked like back

1730
01:13:46,790 --> 01:13:44,480
then so that it's

1731
01:13:48,709 --> 01:13:46,800
i to call it a paradox the reason i say

1732
01:13:51,189 --> 01:13:48,719
furby paradox is that these are not

1733
01:13:53,350 --> 01:13:51,199
really paradoxes over thought to be

1734
01:13:54,790 --> 01:13:53,360
paradoxically they're more big puzzles

1735
01:13:55,910 --> 01:13:54,800
we have a piece of thing that's odds

1736
01:13:58,790 --> 01:13:55,920
with another bit of thing and we need

1737
01:14:00,390 --> 01:13:58,800
more information but our planet is not

1738
01:14:02,229 --> 01:14:00,400
likely be a normal one

1739
01:14:03,430 --> 01:14:02,239
our solar system is not likely to be a

1740
01:14:04,310 --> 01:14:03,440
normal one

1741
01:14:06,229 --> 01:14:04,320
and

1742
01:14:08,310 --> 01:14:06,239
it could just be an odds game on the

1743
01:14:09,990 --> 01:14:08,320
other hand there's again

1744
01:14:11,510 --> 01:14:10,000
even if it turns out that only one

1745
01:14:12,630 --> 01:14:11,520
percent of plants in the habitable zone

1746
01:14:14,390 --> 01:14:12,640
are the right kind of mass and

1747
01:14:16,310 --> 01:14:14,400
composition be earth-like

1748
01:14:18,790 --> 01:14:16,320
even turns out only one percent of stars

1749
01:14:21,189 --> 01:14:18,800
of of the sun's type all the kind that

1750
01:14:23,510 --> 01:14:21,199
are good for actually being stable that

1751
01:14:25,430 --> 01:14:23,520
one in ten thousand okay out of and you

1752
01:14:27,910 --> 01:14:25,440
know only 100 may be the right massively

1753
01:14:28,870 --> 01:14:27,920
in with star wise or age okay so one in

1754
01:14:32,550 --> 01:14:28,880
a million

1755
01:14:35,669 --> 01:14:32,560
that's 400 billion stars in this galaxy

1756
01:14:36,950 --> 01:14:35,679
that's 400 000 you know and this is the

1757
01:14:39,270 --> 01:14:36,960
thing to keep in mind about drake's

1758
01:14:40,630 --> 01:14:39,280
equation is we do trick ourselves

1759
01:14:42,070 --> 01:14:40,640
sometimes when we're working with this

1760
01:14:44,870 --> 01:14:42,080
you say well these things look like

1761
01:14:46,950 --> 01:14:44,880
they're one you know 100 or 1 in 10 or

1762
01:14:48,310 --> 01:14:46,960
even 100 percent and so we look at the

1763
01:14:50,390 --> 01:14:48,320
fact that well we don't know this one

1764
01:14:53,430 --> 01:14:50,400
yet but these other ones are like one in

1765
01:14:54,790 --> 01:14:53,440
ten all the time so this should be two

1766
01:14:56,470 --> 01:14:54,800
we don't know what the next step on that

1767
01:14:58,229 --> 01:14:56,480
becoming say technological is that might

1768
01:14:59,910 --> 01:14:58,239
be one in a billion

1769
01:15:01,270 --> 01:14:59,920
yeah its probability has nothing to do

1770
01:15:03,030 --> 01:15:01,280
with the odds the other ones it's like

1771
01:15:04,149 --> 01:15:03,040
saying well what are the odds you won

1772
01:15:06,310 --> 01:15:04,159
the lottery

1773
01:15:08,149 --> 01:15:06,320
well you know you've got that step there

1774
01:15:10,070 --> 01:15:08,159
of people who buy you know tickets one

1775
01:15:11,669 --> 01:15:10,080
in ten maybe you have people who live in

1776
01:15:13,669 --> 01:15:11,679
states or countries where it's legal one

1777
01:15:15,350 --> 01:15:13,679
in ten maybe and from that you assume

1778
01:15:17,590 --> 01:15:15,360
that the odds of winning that lottery is

1779
01:15:19,110 --> 01:15:17,600
probably one in ten too nope

1780
01:15:21,990 --> 01:15:19,120
so now we don't know what the

1781
01:15:24,149 --> 01:15:22,000
intelligence odds are we um

1782
01:15:26,310 --> 01:15:24,159
when we look at astrophysics today and

1783
01:15:28,470 --> 01:15:26,320
we look at uh

1784
01:15:30,630 --> 01:15:28,480
the numbers and the types of

1785
01:15:33,270 --> 01:15:30,640
objects out there in the universe

1786
01:15:35,030 --> 01:15:33,280
one of the things that i hear about a

1787
01:15:36,950 --> 01:15:35,040
lot and it it

1788
01:15:39,350 --> 01:15:36,960
and we always have to go back and

1789
01:15:42,310 --> 01:15:39,360
understand when we hear these numbers

1790
01:15:43,350 --> 01:15:42,320
the universe is only 13.8 billion years

1791
01:15:45,110 --> 01:15:43,360
old

1792
01:15:47,750 --> 01:15:45,120
but yet

1793
01:15:50,790 --> 01:15:47,760
we hear about

1794
01:15:54,070 --> 01:15:50,800
uh the vast majority of stars

1795
01:15:55,590 --> 01:15:54,080
have life spans of more than a trillion

1796
01:15:57,189 --> 01:15:55,600
years

1797
01:16:00,630 --> 01:15:57,199
now now

1798
01:16:02,709 --> 01:16:00,640
we're only 13.8 billion years old right

1799
01:16:06,470 --> 01:16:02,719
so a few stars have died yet

1800
01:16:08,550 --> 01:16:06,480
right a trillion-year-old star now over

1801
01:16:09,590 --> 01:16:08,560
a trillion years once it gets into that

1802
01:16:13,750 --> 01:16:09,600
phase

1803
01:16:15,910 --> 01:16:13,760
is it because of uh obviously its mass

1804
01:16:17,510 --> 01:16:15,920
and gravity issue and then with

1805
01:16:20,790 --> 01:16:17,520
temperature because

1806
01:16:23,750 --> 01:16:20,800
if you're not going to achieve

1807
01:16:26,630 --> 01:16:23,760
with enough gravity to to hit

1808
01:16:28,790 --> 01:16:26,640
a billion degrees or whatever it would

1809
01:16:31,750 --> 01:16:28,800
take for some crazy

1810
01:16:34,550 --> 01:16:31,760
uh fusion to take place

1811
01:16:37,110 --> 01:16:34,560
is that star

1812
01:16:40,070 --> 01:16:37,120
completely stable for the trillion years

1813
01:16:41,590 --> 01:16:40,080
once all of the crazy processes are over

1814
01:16:43,669 --> 01:16:41,600
well it kind of depends on the mass

1815
01:16:45,510 --> 01:16:43,679
range even there but you get these stars

1816
01:16:47,510 --> 01:16:45,520
that are the the life jump comes where

1817
01:16:49,510 --> 01:16:47,520
they get to be 25 percent of the mass of

1818
01:16:51,430 --> 01:16:49,520
our sun or less correct at that point

1819
01:16:53,590 --> 01:16:51,440
when they're less massive than that they

1820
01:16:55,430 --> 01:16:53,600
are fully convective which this context

1821
01:16:56,950 --> 01:16:55,440
means they store their contents

1822
01:16:58,709 --> 01:16:56,960
completely they don't get hydrogen i

1823
01:17:00,070 --> 01:16:58,719
hear the importance of the core the

1824
01:17:01,430 --> 01:17:00,080
stuff from the surface has a chance to

1825
01:17:03,430 --> 01:17:01,440
float around and bubble around like a

1826
01:17:05,510 --> 01:17:03,440
pot and our sun is pretty convective

1827
01:17:07,990 --> 01:17:05,520
right the big giants are not convective

1828
01:17:08,870 --> 01:17:08,000
that's why they blow up so easy um but

1829
01:17:10,149 --> 01:17:08,880
uh

1830
01:17:11,830 --> 01:17:10,159
these stars are gonna burn through all

1831
01:17:13,590 --> 01:17:11,840
their hydrogen pretty much all close to

1832
01:17:14,950 --> 01:17:13,600
all the hydrogen will happen at one

1833
01:17:17,110 --> 01:17:14,960
point in time is when they're about a

1834
01:17:18,709 --> 01:17:17,120
pretty big mixture of hydrogen helium we

1835
01:17:20,870 --> 01:17:18,719
think because now these stars exist yet

1836
01:17:22,310 --> 01:17:20,880
so it's modeling right um they'll go

1837
01:17:24,390 --> 01:17:22,320
into what we call a

1838
01:17:27,830 --> 01:17:24,400
blue dwarf phase instead of a red giant

1839
01:17:29,350 --> 01:17:27,840
phase and they'll just they'll heat up

1840
01:17:31,350 --> 01:17:29,360
as they they'll knock enough fusions or

1841
01:17:33,430 --> 01:17:31,360
contract down they heat up more as they

1842
01:17:35,189 --> 01:17:33,440
get that helium bone phase and then they

1843
01:17:36,149 --> 01:17:35,199
will heat and heat heat and then they'll

1844
01:17:37,830 --> 01:17:36,159
stop heating when they're going through

1845
01:17:39,590 --> 01:17:37,840
that and they'll just glow as a white

1846
01:17:40,709 --> 01:17:39,600
dwarf until they're

1847
01:17:42,950 --> 01:17:40,719
cooled off

1848
01:17:44,630 --> 01:17:42,960
and those stars will probably be very

1849
01:17:45,830 --> 01:17:44,640
stable though when you get that

1850
01:17:47,350 --> 01:17:45,840
changeable that would probably be a

1851
01:17:49,430 --> 01:17:47,360
significant curve that might take a

1852
01:17:51,189 --> 01:17:49,440
billion years to happen so it might be

1853
01:17:52,310 --> 01:17:51,199
one enough time for life to uh to adjust

1854
01:17:53,350 --> 01:17:52,320
to but

1855
01:17:55,510 --> 01:17:53,360
you know we just don't have the modeling

1856
01:17:57,350 --> 01:17:55,520
to say that right now on that but these

1857
01:17:59,750 --> 01:17:57,360
sub-giant red giant phases they're very

1858
01:18:01,669 --> 01:17:59,760
quick so to speak uh compared to

1859
01:18:03,590 --> 01:18:01,679
lifetime of star but also really long

1860
01:18:05,750 --> 01:18:03,600
you know they in terms of like real time

1861
01:18:07,350 --> 01:18:05,760
right uh supernova quick right but for

1862
01:18:09,669 --> 01:18:07,360
the other stars songs like a hoes or

1863
01:18:11,590 --> 01:18:09,679
these that go red giant that's a period

1864
01:18:12,470 --> 01:18:11,600
that takes as long as lisbon land-based

1865
01:18:15,030 --> 01:18:12,480
life

1866
01:18:17,430 --> 01:18:15,040
you know these are very long periods

1867
01:18:19,910 --> 01:18:17,440
that ecology might conceivably adapt to

1868
01:18:21,350 --> 01:18:19,920
especially for these smaller stars where

1869
01:18:23,030 --> 01:18:21,360
they don't you know their red giant

1870
01:18:24,070 --> 01:18:23,040
phase is not really all that necessarily

1871
01:18:27,350 --> 01:18:24,080
impressive

1872
01:18:29,830 --> 01:18:27,360
um and uh you know you have all that

1873
01:18:31,430 --> 01:18:29,840
time in these star systems where even if

1874
01:18:32,630 --> 01:18:31,440
life had only ever popped up on one

1875
01:18:34,709 --> 01:18:32,640
planet

1876
01:18:36,870 --> 01:18:34,719
one big asteroid impact that scatters

1877
01:18:38,550 --> 01:18:36,880
basic bacteria into space and some of

1878
01:18:40,709 --> 01:18:38,560
those tardigrades whatever survived the

1879
01:18:42,390 --> 01:18:40,719
land of of their neighbors and you know

1880
01:18:44,709 --> 01:18:42,400
the star expands today in a whole solar

1881
01:18:47,110 --> 01:18:44,719
system that's been colonized by that

1882
01:18:49,350 --> 01:18:47,120
event and it's just

1883
01:18:51,110 --> 01:18:49,360
that much time and again these things

1884
01:18:51,990 --> 01:18:51,120
are barely one percent their lifespan in

1885
01:18:53,910 --> 01:18:52,000
yet

1886
01:18:56,070 --> 01:18:53,920
it just seems almost unbelievable that

1887
01:18:58,310 --> 01:18:56,080
you wouldn't expect to get life there if

1888
01:19:00,310 --> 01:18:58,320
if anything we know about evolution and

1889
01:19:02,390 --> 01:19:00,320
basic biology seems to be true that's

1890
01:19:04,550 --> 01:19:02,400
right that's right and so and what is

1891
01:19:06,390 --> 01:19:04,560
fascinating with that

1892
01:19:08,470 --> 01:19:06,400
is is there

1893
01:19:10,149 --> 01:19:08,480
with a trillion-year

1894
01:19:13,990 --> 01:19:10,159
you know dwarf star

1895
01:19:15,990 --> 01:19:14,000
is there enough mass to keep a planet

1896
01:19:17,830 --> 01:19:16,000
there number one

1897
01:19:19,270 --> 01:19:17,840
and two because

1898
01:19:22,070 --> 01:19:19,280
through the evolution through its

1899
01:19:24,790 --> 01:19:22,080
changes they may eject the planets too

1900
01:19:27,350 --> 01:19:24,800
as well right okay so but let's say

1901
01:19:30,310 --> 01:19:27,360
trillion-year dwarf star

1902
01:19:32,550 --> 01:19:30,320
was still generating some heat and and

1903
01:19:35,350 --> 01:19:32,560
has enough mass to keep

1904
01:19:37,750 --> 01:19:35,360
uh a star system around it right and

1905
01:19:39,750 --> 01:19:37,760
it's got a planet is that enough to

1906
01:19:41,990 --> 01:19:39,760
support life

1907
01:19:44,550 --> 01:19:42,000
probably uh there's an interesting thing

1908
01:19:46,229 --> 01:19:44,560
about stars they vary in mass by a

1909
01:19:49,110 --> 01:19:46,239
factor of about a thousand you know they

1910
01:19:51,590 --> 01:19:49,120
can be a 20th or sun's mass to maybe 50

1911
01:19:53,270 --> 01:19:51,600
times more massive very very by about a

1912
01:19:55,750 --> 01:19:53,280
factor of a thousand in terms of mass

1913
01:19:58,229 --> 01:19:55,760
but they vary by a factor of about a

1914
01:20:00,070 --> 01:19:58,239
billion in brightness right right the

1915
01:20:02,229 --> 01:20:00,080
smallest stars are even a thousandth as

1916
01:20:04,630 --> 01:20:02,239
bright as our sun but they're 10 the

1917
01:20:06,070 --> 01:20:04,640
mass you know um they can definitely

1918
01:20:07,430 --> 01:20:06,080
hold a planet and certainly anything in

1919
01:20:09,990 --> 01:20:07,440
their habitable zone has to be pretty

1920
01:20:11,430 --> 01:20:10,000
close because you know they they have a

1921
01:20:13,910 --> 01:20:11,440
fraction of the gravity but they have

1922
01:20:15,430 --> 01:20:13,920
only a tiny sliver of the brightness of

1923
01:20:17,189 --> 01:20:15,440
the heat

1924
01:20:19,830 --> 01:20:17,199
so we would have to have like the orbit

1925
01:20:22,149 --> 01:20:19,840
of mercury right but but and none of

1926
01:20:23,110 --> 01:20:22,159
that would matter or much less some of

1927
01:20:25,270 --> 01:20:23,120
these things will be opening at a

1928
01:20:27,990 --> 01:20:25,280
distance that would be like a gas giant

1929
01:20:31,830 --> 01:20:28,000
and its moons like one week orbit right

1930
01:20:34,310 --> 01:20:31,840
right right right right um but

1931
01:20:36,390 --> 01:20:34,320
it would have the chance

1932
01:20:39,030 --> 01:20:36,400
if they didn't blow themselves up with a

1933
01:20:42,310 --> 01:20:39,040
nuclear war but you would have a chance

1934
01:20:44,709 --> 01:20:42,320
to evolve and survive as a planet

1935
01:20:47,510 --> 01:20:44,719
for essentially forever

1936
01:20:49,990 --> 01:20:47,520
right a trillion years where here we

1937
01:20:53,910 --> 01:20:50,000
know we've got a very limited lease

1938
01:20:55,830 --> 01:20:53,920
agreement oh yeah right but

1939
01:20:57,510 --> 01:20:55,840
and here's the bad part these stars

1940
01:20:59,270 --> 01:20:57,520
change in brightness too and these these

1941
01:21:01,910 --> 01:20:59,280
redwoods often tend to be very variable

1942
01:21:05,110 --> 01:21:01,920
in their brightness but more importantly

1943
01:21:06,629 --> 01:21:05,120
planets are not stable affairs you know

1944
01:21:08,229 --> 01:21:06,639
all solar systems say well how long the

1945
01:21:10,070 --> 01:21:08,239
planet's been here

1946
01:21:12,550 --> 01:21:10,080
there's a good chance that jupiter

1947
01:21:14,709 --> 01:21:12,560
migrated and kicked a lot of our planets

1948
01:21:16,070 --> 01:21:14,719
out of the solar system back in the day

1949
01:21:17,510 --> 01:21:16,080
uh one of the people who i know who

1950
01:21:19,030 --> 01:21:17,520
knows the most about exoplanets out

1951
01:21:20,550 --> 01:21:19,040
there dave kipping he'd been talking

1952
01:21:22,870 --> 01:21:20,560
about this actually when i was out in

1953
01:21:24,950 --> 01:21:22,880
california uh you know about this this

1954
01:21:27,030 --> 01:21:24,960
motion of the of jupiter migrating in

1955
01:21:29,110 --> 01:21:27,040
how there might be super earths around

1956
01:21:31,430 --> 01:21:29,120
most solar systems and our system is

1957
01:21:32,790 --> 01:21:31,440
weird because ours got ejected you know

1958
01:21:34,550 --> 01:21:32,800
things that we're more curious at that

1959
01:21:36,550 --> 01:21:34,560
or the size of neptune

1960
01:21:38,390 --> 01:21:36,560
and that might be the norm but solar

1961
01:21:40,629 --> 01:21:38,400
systems being stable

1962
01:21:42,390 --> 01:21:40,639
no it looks stable to us now because all

1963
01:21:43,750 --> 01:21:42,400
that's left over are those things that

1964
01:21:46,070 --> 01:21:43,760
have been there

1965
01:21:47,830 --> 01:21:46,080
stably for billions of years

1966
01:21:50,149 --> 01:21:47,840
but how many millions of times can you

1967
01:21:51,510 --> 01:21:50,159
orb the sun with a slight variation

1968
01:21:53,910 --> 01:21:51,520
before something happens and we're

1969
01:21:55,910 --> 01:21:53,920
constantly patrolling them you know our

1970
01:21:58,070 --> 01:21:55,920
all moon is not the same distance it was

1971
01:21:59,990 --> 01:21:58,080
for us when it formed our day is not the

1972
01:22:01,270 --> 01:22:00,000
same length it was our probability all

1973
01:22:02,149 --> 01:22:01,280
year is not quite the same as what it

1974
01:22:04,550 --> 01:22:02,159
was

1975
01:22:07,110 --> 01:22:04,560
if you have another couple billion years

1976
01:22:08,790 --> 01:22:07,120
the source will not look the same mars

1977
01:22:10,790 --> 01:22:08,800
probably had an atmosphere or venus

1978
01:22:13,110 --> 01:22:10,800
probably had less of an atmosphere in

1979
01:22:15,030 --> 01:22:13,120
the past in a billion years our sun will

1980
01:22:17,110 --> 01:22:15,040
have probably evaporated our atmosphere

1981
01:22:19,270 --> 01:22:17,120
away or gotten close to it

1982
01:22:21,350 --> 01:22:19,280
these other solar systems they have more

1983
01:22:22,790 --> 01:22:21,360
time but in many ways

1984
01:22:24,709 --> 01:22:22,800
that won't help their plants because

1985
01:22:25,990 --> 01:22:24,719
they are bit quicker they have to be

1986
01:22:27,590 --> 01:22:26,000
close to their sun to be warm so they

1987
01:22:28,790 --> 01:22:27,600
have to be closer and they're more

1988
01:22:29,990 --> 01:22:28,800
packed in

1989
01:22:32,870 --> 01:22:30,000
if you have multiple plants around them

1990
01:22:35,430 --> 01:22:32,880
it's more packed in more portubation so

1991
01:22:37,030 --> 01:22:35,440
it might be that these places have a

1992
01:22:39,669 --> 01:22:37,040
trillion years for life to evolve around

1993
01:22:41,189 --> 01:22:39,679
them or it might be that they don't

1994
01:22:43,430 --> 01:22:41,199
really have that stable environment for

1995
01:22:45,750 --> 01:22:43,440
too long it's one of those examples of i

1996
01:22:47,510 --> 01:22:45,760
could make a case for either way

1997
01:22:50,390 --> 01:22:47,520
and we just need so much more

1998
01:22:51,750 --> 01:22:50,400
information you know it did now i have

1999
01:22:53,110 --> 01:22:51,760
to stop making jokes about james but

2000
01:22:55,030 --> 01:22:53,120
telescope eventually getting launched

2001
01:22:56,709 --> 01:22:55,040
it's finally been launched but uh you

2002
01:22:58,950 --> 01:22:56,719
know as we get data in from that you

2003
01:23:01,189 --> 01:22:58,960
know that's going to tell us a lot but

2004
01:23:02,550 --> 01:23:01,199
we are going to have decades and decades

2005
01:23:04,229 --> 01:23:02,560
of staring at these things which are

2006
01:23:06,629 --> 01:23:04,239
hard to see around red dwarfs especially

2007
01:23:08,629 --> 01:23:06,639
because this you know they're so dim

2008
01:23:10,149 --> 01:23:08,639
um before we can really talk about what

2009
01:23:12,390 --> 01:23:10,159
exoplanets

2010
01:23:14,149 --> 01:23:12,400
you know what they really are like and i

2011
01:23:15,510 --> 01:23:14,159
know my nose when i was a kid i'd go

2012
01:23:17,270 --> 01:23:15,520
study in the astronomy section my

2013
01:23:18,870 --> 01:23:17,280
library and i didn't know to look at

2014
01:23:20,550 --> 01:23:18,880
copyrights on books so the science would

2015
01:23:22,950 --> 01:23:20,560
be different so in some of those books

2016
01:23:25,189 --> 01:23:22,960
within like 1950 they talk about this

2017
01:23:26,629 --> 01:23:25,199
paradise planet venus with clouds right

2018
01:23:27,910 --> 01:23:26,639
and then other ones in 1980 i was

2019
01:23:30,950 --> 01:23:27,920
talking about how you know it's it's

2020
01:23:32,629 --> 01:23:30,960
this place is a suburb of hell

2021
01:23:35,030 --> 01:23:32,639
very different in just 30 years it's the

2022
01:23:36,709 --> 01:23:35,040
same with our exoplanet knowledge we are

2023
01:23:38,149 --> 01:23:36,719
going to find more of these things and

2024
01:23:39,510 --> 01:23:38,159
we're going to learn more and i think

2025
01:23:41,110 --> 01:23:39,520
it's not going to help the trig equation

2026
01:23:43,030 --> 01:23:41,120
the least bit but there's going to be

2027
01:23:45,030 --> 01:23:43,040
things we think now they're just wrong

2028
01:23:46,149 --> 01:23:45,040
i'm sure of that now

2029
01:23:47,510 --> 01:23:46,159
okay

2030
01:23:49,270 --> 01:23:47,520
so

2031
01:23:52,709 --> 01:23:49,280
based on

2032
01:23:53,830 --> 01:23:52,719
uh what we know here right on our own

2033
01:23:56,229 --> 01:23:53,840
planet

2034
01:23:57,590 --> 01:23:56,239
we know that uh

2035
01:24:00,229 --> 01:23:57,600
our sun

2036
01:24:02,950 --> 01:24:00,239
and we keep the num the accepted numbers

2037
01:24:04,629 --> 01:24:02,960
are it's got a 10 billion year life span

2038
01:24:07,350 --> 01:24:04,639
we're halfway through it

2039
01:24:09,910 --> 01:24:07,360
the second half of this lifespan

2040
01:24:13,270 --> 01:24:09,920
is uh is eventually going to start to

2041
01:24:16,950 --> 01:24:13,280
get really really crazy and when it does

2042
01:24:18,629 --> 01:24:16,960
we can't be here on this planet so just

2043
01:24:20,470 --> 01:24:18,639
be i mean we got to go we've got to

2044
01:24:23,189 --> 01:24:20,480
figure it out we got to watch science

2045
01:24:26,790 --> 01:24:23,199
and futurism with isaac arthur and get

2046
01:24:27,750 --> 01:24:26,800
those uh uh colony spaceships built

2047
01:24:31,990 --> 01:24:27,760
right

2048
01:24:33,669 --> 01:24:32,000
that's it but here's the deal et

2049
01:24:35,990 --> 01:24:33,679
would have to be

2050
01:24:38,310 --> 01:24:36,000
in the same position

2051
01:24:41,189 --> 01:24:38,320
because their sun

2052
01:24:43,030 --> 01:24:41,199
is going to change as well

2053
01:24:45,350 --> 01:24:43,040
fusion is fusion

2054
01:24:48,709 --> 01:24:45,360
and that energy source is eventually

2055
01:24:50,070 --> 01:24:48,719
going to burn up and get unstable that's

2056
01:24:52,390 --> 01:24:50,080
it right

2057
01:24:54,709 --> 01:24:52,400
is there any other way to look at it

2058
01:24:56,709 --> 01:24:54,719
well yes you could there are things you

2059
01:24:57,669 --> 01:24:56,719
can do to protect a planet from its own

2060
01:24:58,870 --> 01:24:57,679
sun

2061
01:25:01,510 --> 01:24:58,880
and there are things you can do to

2062
01:25:03,350 --> 01:25:01,520
extend a lifespan of suns too

2063
01:25:05,750 --> 01:25:03,360
if you're willing to engage in some

2064
01:25:08,149 --> 01:25:05,760
extreme engineering what like move the

2065
01:25:09,320 --> 01:25:08,159
planet

2066
01:25:20,629 --> 01:25:09,330
so tomorrow morning actually

2067
01:25:28,950 --> 01:25:23,750
theoretically anyway too because our our

2068
01:25:31,189 --> 01:25:28,960
son is going to expand so big mercury's

2069
01:25:32,310 --> 01:25:31,199
gone that's that's done

2070
01:25:35,350 --> 01:25:32,320
venus

2071
01:25:36,629 --> 01:25:35,360
more than likely will get swallowed up

2072
01:25:38,950 --> 01:25:36,639
earth

2073
01:25:41,350 --> 01:25:38,960
may survive it but even if it doesn't

2074
01:25:43,110 --> 01:25:41,360
get touched by the expanding sun the

2075
01:25:45,350 --> 01:25:43,120
temperature is going to fry this out and

2076
01:25:46,550 --> 01:25:45,360
take care of the oceans and

2077
01:25:49,189 --> 01:25:46,560
and we're going to have a surface

2078
01:25:51,990 --> 01:25:49,199
temperature of 2000 degrees fahrenheit

2079
01:25:54,550 --> 01:25:52,000
and we won't want to be here even if we

2080
01:25:56,550 --> 01:25:54,560
do survive right and get out by pluto to

2081
01:25:58,950 --> 01:25:56,560
survive that one

2082
01:26:00,229 --> 01:25:58,960
yeah i would think so i mean

2083
01:26:02,629 --> 01:26:00,239
and so

2084
01:26:05,750 --> 01:26:02,639
uh back to my point

2085
01:26:07,750 --> 01:26:05,760
e.t would have to be facing the same

2086
01:26:10,790 --> 01:26:07,760
challenges that we know we're going to

2087
01:26:13,430 --> 01:26:12,550
but they might take steps like that you

2088
01:26:15,430 --> 01:26:13,440
know if we're assuming they're willing

2089
01:26:17,350 --> 01:26:15,440
to come visit us on those solar systems

2090
01:26:18,950 --> 01:26:17,360
maybe they will engage in star lifting

2091
01:26:21,189 --> 01:26:18,960
that technique that we've discussed for

2092
01:26:22,870 --> 01:26:21,199
like how you would magnetically pull

2093
01:26:24,070 --> 01:26:22,880
helium out of a stall and other metals

2094
01:26:25,910 --> 01:26:24,080
too it could be a very profitable

2095
01:26:27,910 --> 01:26:25,920
business there's more metal in the sun

2096
01:26:29,750 --> 01:26:27,920
lesser sources to combine

2097
01:26:31,669 --> 01:26:29,760
and that includes gold

2098
01:26:33,990 --> 01:26:31,679
and you you pull the old helium and

2099
01:26:35,830 --> 01:26:34,000
other metals out and you slowly insert

2100
01:26:37,830 --> 01:26:35,840
more hydrogen and you can keep a stall

2101
01:26:40,709 --> 01:26:37,840
going indefinitely like that it's just a

2102
01:26:42,709 --> 01:26:40,719
big fusion reactor okay no explain

2103
01:26:45,350 --> 01:26:42,719
okay good stuff i'm not gonna let you

2104
01:26:47,590 --> 01:26:45,360
get off that easy how would you

2105
01:26:48,830 --> 01:26:47,600
how would you stabilize our sun when

2106
01:26:50,390 --> 01:26:48,840
you're saying

2107
01:26:52,950 --> 01:26:50,400
okay

2108
01:26:54,149 --> 01:26:52,960
we have a hydrogen core

2109
01:26:56,550 --> 01:26:54,159
correct

2110
01:26:58,790 --> 01:26:56,560
and well we have hydrogen helium core

2111
01:26:59,750 --> 01:26:58,800
the helium is on the outside

2112
01:27:01,430 --> 01:26:59,760
and

2113
01:27:03,510 --> 01:27:01,440
the helium is in the middle

2114
01:27:06,950 --> 01:27:03,520
hydrogens on the outside

2115
01:27:09,669 --> 01:27:06,960
yep okay and so gravity is causing the

2116
01:27:11,270 --> 01:27:09,679
fusion and the temperature right

2117
01:27:13,910 --> 01:27:11,280
and then the

2118
01:27:15,990 --> 01:27:13,920
helium hydrogen fusion

2119
01:27:18,629 --> 01:27:16,000
what is happening with the helium on the

2120
01:27:21,350 --> 01:27:18,639
inside during the fusion process it's

2121
01:27:26,709 --> 01:27:21,360
turning into

2122
01:27:28,149 --> 01:27:26,719
helium

2123
01:27:29,669 --> 01:27:28,159
so the hydrogen is what the star is

2124
01:27:31,669 --> 01:27:29,679
usually made out of and there's more

2125
01:27:33,590 --> 01:27:31,679
helium in the core than anywhere else

2126
01:27:35,830 --> 01:27:33,600
but the helium does kind of percolate

2127
01:27:37,990 --> 01:27:35,840
out depends on the star right those

2128
01:27:39,030 --> 01:27:38,000
those red dwarfs the helium all spoke

2129
01:27:41,750 --> 01:27:39,040
lights out that's why i can use all its

2130
01:27:43,990 --> 01:27:41,760
hygiene our sun has the helium come off

2131
01:27:46,470 --> 01:27:44,000
the center to the outlet edges too and

2132
01:27:48,149 --> 01:27:46,480
we could suck that out how

2133
01:27:50,870 --> 01:27:48,159
how how how

2134
01:27:52,790 --> 01:27:50,880
what you do is you generate solo flails

2135
01:27:54,149 --> 01:27:52,800
very very big solar flares one of the

2136
01:27:55,830 --> 01:27:54,159
methods for we have an episode on this

2137
01:27:57,590 --> 01:27:55,840
star lifting uh one of the methods

2138
01:27:58,629 --> 01:27:57,600
called the huff and puff method

2139
01:28:00,070 --> 01:27:58,639
it's

2140
01:28:02,629 --> 01:28:00,080
probably not the before one others

2141
01:28:04,550 --> 01:28:02,639
basically a giant uh plume of

2142
01:28:06,709 --> 01:28:04,560
solar flare really big chrono mass

2143
01:28:10,149 --> 01:28:06,719
ejections and you mine those

2144
01:28:13,750 --> 01:28:10,159
with giant magnets really big magnets

2145
01:28:14,709 --> 01:28:13,760
with really big magnet huff and puff how

2146
01:28:17,110 --> 01:28:14,719
is pretty straightforward on the

2147
01:28:19,030 --> 01:28:17,120
engineering side it's

2148
01:28:21,110 --> 01:28:19,040
difficult

2149
01:28:23,830 --> 01:28:21,120
huff and puff that was what we used to

2150
01:28:26,229 --> 01:28:23,840
do back in the 80s on the sunset strip

2151
01:28:30,470 --> 01:28:26,239
but that's a whole nother thing

2152
01:28:32,629 --> 01:28:30,480
those were fun days but what kind of uh

2153
01:28:34,229 --> 01:28:32,639
isaac has no idea what i'm talking about

2154
01:28:37,830 --> 01:28:34,239
when i just said that

2155
01:28:42,950 --> 01:28:38,870
is it

2156
01:28:45,030 --> 01:28:42,960
uh you would build a giant magnet and

2157
01:28:46,870 --> 01:28:45,040
obviously it wouldn't melt and you would

2158
01:28:48,870 --> 01:28:46,880
get that close enough to the sun and you

2159
01:28:50,310 --> 01:28:48,880
would get the extraction to point away

2160
01:28:52,629 --> 01:28:50,320
from earth you wouldn't want to have it

2161
01:28:55,030 --> 01:28:52,639
happen and the

2162
01:28:57,189 --> 01:28:55,040
magnet would then

2163
01:28:58,390 --> 01:28:57,199
accumulate what would you do with the

2164
01:29:00,390 --> 01:28:58,400
gas

2165
01:29:01,590 --> 01:29:00,400
well the the probably the way that i

2166
01:29:03,590 --> 01:29:01,600
usually use being there are three

2167
01:29:05,189 --> 01:29:03,600
methods you can use principally and the

2168
01:29:06,870 --> 01:29:05,199
one that i tend to favor is where you

2169
01:29:08,149 --> 01:29:06,880
build a bunch of magnetic rings around

2170
01:29:09,910 --> 01:29:08,159
the stall

2171
01:29:11,110 --> 01:29:09,920
and those normally are self-supporting

2172
01:29:13,510 --> 01:29:11,120
each other by

2173
01:29:14,950 --> 01:29:13,520
my magnetism you shut them off

2174
01:29:16,310 --> 01:29:14,960
you hit them far towards the sun as a

2175
01:29:18,709 --> 01:29:16,320
contracting ring

2176
01:29:19,830 --> 01:29:18,719
around the equator and and then you turn

2177
01:29:22,470 --> 01:29:19,840
them back on as they're getting pretty

2178
01:29:24,950 --> 01:29:22,480
close to dropping to the bottom and that

2179
01:29:26,790 --> 01:29:24,960
pushes on that area around the equator

2180
01:29:28,229 --> 01:29:26,800
you're heating up as we go too and then

2181
01:29:29,990 --> 01:29:28,239
there's another ring just north and just

2182
01:29:31,750 --> 01:29:30,000
south of that that fall in sequence beat

2183
01:29:33,430 --> 01:29:31,760
that and it kind of like like a big

2184
01:29:35,990 --> 01:29:33,440
bellows just pumps

2185
01:29:37,830 --> 01:29:36,000
superheated plasma off the poles

2186
01:29:40,070 --> 01:29:37,840
well how would okay but wouldn't you

2187
01:29:42,390 --> 01:29:40,080
need to get hydrogen

2188
01:29:44,550 --> 01:29:42,400
back into the star to keep it balanced

2189
01:29:46,950 --> 01:29:44,560
so you collected like two big vacuum

2190
01:29:48,629 --> 01:29:46,960
bags off the poles you sort out what you

2191
01:29:50,550 --> 01:29:48,639
want about one percent of the star's

2192
01:29:52,470 --> 01:29:50,560
mass is actually what we call metals

2193
01:29:55,830 --> 01:29:52,480
they'll be anything that's not hydrogen

2194
01:29:58,149 --> 01:29:55,840
helium mostly oxygen but iron gold

2195
01:29:59,189 --> 01:29:58,159
platinum 30 000 earth's worth of those

2196
01:30:01,669 --> 01:29:59,199
in the sun

2197
01:30:04,390 --> 01:30:01,679
and uh and then you you gather those up

2198
01:30:05,910 --> 01:30:04,400
and you take your helium oxide as well

2199
01:30:07,910 --> 01:30:05,920
and you dump the hydrogen back down in

2200
01:30:10,310 --> 01:30:07,920
there probably maybe not though because

2201
01:30:12,550 --> 01:30:10,320
stars live longer the more you more you

2202
01:30:14,470 --> 01:30:12,560
lighten the mass so you might just pull

2203
01:30:17,350 --> 01:30:14,480
mass off originally to let it burn

2204
01:30:19,750 --> 01:30:17,360
slower but then you bring hydrogen in

2205
01:30:21,510 --> 01:30:19,760
you know jupiter's got quite a lot it'll

2206
01:30:24,390 --> 01:30:21,520
keep the sun running for many many

2207
01:30:25,990 --> 01:30:24,400
millions or more years and uh you start

2208
01:30:27,910 --> 01:30:26,000
pumping gas in from everywhere you know

2209
01:30:30,470 --> 01:30:27,920
there's a lot of hydrogen out there okay

2210
01:30:33,830 --> 01:30:30,480
okay okay but how do you get uh i love

2211
01:30:35,750 --> 01:30:33,840
this concept it actually relaxes me

2212
01:30:38,310 --> 01:30:35,760
knowing that there's a possibility of

2213
01:30:40,310 --> 01:30:38,320
controlling the instability of our sun

2214
01:30:41,270 --> 01:30:40,320
but how could you use the existing mass

2215
01:30:43,189 --> 01:30:41,280
to keep that thing going for

2216
01:30:46,709 --> 01:30:43,199
quadrillions of years yeah that doesn't

2217
01:30:48,870 --> 01:30:46,719
work you replace some of the black hole

2218
01:30:51,910 --> 01:30:48,880
now how do you get the hydrogen in is it

2219
01:30:53,590 --> 01:30:51,920
a giant hypodermic needle oh no you just

2220
01:30:54,709 --> 01:30:53,600
dump it on the surface that's the easy

2221
01:30:56,629 --> 01:30:54,719
part

2222
01:30:58,870 --> 01:30:56,639
really though not too quickly because

2223
01:31:02,870 --> 01:30:58,880
that's cathay the results of novi you

2224
01:31:05,110 --> 01:31:02,880
you trickle it down now uh okay how long

2225
01:31:09,430 --> 01:31:05,120
does it take

2226
01:31:12,149 --> 01:31:09,440
helium to get to the surface of the sun

2227
01:31:14,070 --> 01:31:12,159
millions of years millions of years so

2228
01:31:16,550 --> 01:31:14,080
would it be the same thing in reverse

2229
01:31:18,390 --> 01:31:16,560
with hydrogen back to the core would it

2230
01:31:19,510 --> 01:31:18,400
take millions of years

2231
01:31:21,189 --> 01:31:19,520
well there'll be the hydrogen in the

2232
01:31:22,950 --> 01:31:21,199
medium shell that was sinking down you

2233
01:31:25,030 --> 01:31:22,960
know stuff in the top singing out it

2234
01:31:26,950 --> 01:31:25,040
bubbles slowly but yeah as you

2235
01:31:29,110 --> 01:31:26,960
introduced it would slowly sink down

2236
01:31:31,430 --> 01:31:29,120
well and if we're talking about a a

2237
01:31:33,910 --> 01:31:31,440
billion-year process

2238
01:31:36,790 --> 01:31:33,920
than a million years at the front of

2239
01:31:40,470 --> 01:31:36,800
this to get to the stability extension

2240
01:31:42,070 --> 01:31:40,480
then it's not that bad and you would do

2241
01:31:44,870 --> 01:31:42,080
this but you would do this before the

2242
01:31:46,310 --> 01:31:44,880
instability starts right so yeah no i'd

2243
01:31:48,070 --> 01:31:46,320
want to start as soon as possible

2244
01:31:51,030 --> 01:31:48,080
because that's there's so much material

2245
01:31:52,790 --> 01:31:51,040
there that we want for other projects so

2246
01:31:54,470 --> 01:31:52,800
i mean again you can just similarly plan

2247
01:31:57,110 --> 01:31:54,480
the solar system

2248
01:31:58,629 --> 01:31:57,120
or you can mine the sun and not need to

2249
01:32:00,310 --> 01:31:58,639
even touch them because it's like a you

2250
01:32:02,470 --> 01:32:00,320
know a bucket next to an ocean

2251
01:32:04,149 --> 01:32:02,480
practically all those asteroids and the

2252
01:32:05,990 --> 01:32:04,159
asteroid belt combined

2253
01:32:08,709 --> 01:32:06,000
don't eat away as much as our own moon

2254
01:32:10,790 --> 01:32:08,719
and all moon is not even what a 10 000

2255
01:32:12,470 --> 01:32:10,800
the mass of jupiter which is half the

2256
01:32:13,910 --> 01:32:12,480
solar system besides the sun

2257
01:32:15,510 --> 01:32:13,920
you know you want to

2258
01:32:17,750 --> 01:32:15,520
get that material out of there what's

2259
01:32:19,510 --> 01:32:17,760
nice it's hard to extract from the sun

2260
01:32:21,990 --> 01:32:19,520
in terms of all the energy to pull out

2261
01:32:23,430 --> 01:32:22,000
of it to pull the stuff out but the sun

2262
01:32:24,629 --> 01:32:23,440
supplies all that energy it's right

2263
01:32:26,709 --> 01:32:24,639
there

2264
01:32:29,110 --> 01:32:26,719
uh actually making it work is tricky but

2265
01:32:30,629 --> 01:32:29,120
it strikes me as all those things where

2266
01:32:33,350 --> 01:32:30,639
it would be a very high priority for

2267
01:32:34,870 --> 01:32:33,360
civilizations do that stably because one

2268
01:32:36,629 --> 01:32:34,880
that protects your your orbital

2269
01:32:38,229 --> 01:32:36,639
infrastructure your economies you expand

2270
01:32:39,910 --> 01:32:38,239
on that solar system from all those

2271
01:32:41,750 --> 01:32:39,920
unexpected flares you know you're in

2272
01:32:43,830 --> 01:32:41,760
control of the situation then so you can

2273
01:32:46,310 --> 01:32:43,840
more safely build that two

2274
01:32:47,990 --> 01:32:46,320
it gives you that vast supply of energy

2275
01:32:49,910 --> 01:32:48,000
you know this is part of that solar

2276
01:32:52,310 --> 01:32:49,920
extraction vectors that runs

2277
01:32:53,830 --> 01:32:52,320
giant kardashev civilizations three it

2278
01:32:55,590 --> 01:32:53,840
gives you more material than you'd mind

2279
01:32:57,189 --> 01:32:55,600
getting every planet within

2280
01:32:58,709 --> 01:32:57,199
you know 100 light years of us and just

2281
01:33:00,550 --> 01:32:58,719
to somebody every plan within 100 light

2282
01:33:01,590 --> 01:33:00,560
years or so and and that's

2283
01:33:03,270 --> 01:33:01,600
you know

2284
01:33:04,709 --> 01:33:03,280
better why is it good for your own son

2285
01:33:06,070 --> 01:33:04,719
or if you really need more mass get it

2286
01:33:07,669 --> 01:33:06,080
for those sons too

2287
01:33:09,750 --> 01:33:07,679
so there you go is it kind of like the

2288
01:33:11,350 --> 01:33:09,760
you're doing this because you want that

2289
01:33:13,350 --> 01:33:11,360
metal you're not really doing to survive

2290
01:33:15,350 --> 01:33:13,360
your sun longer that's just a really

2291
01:33:17,750 --> 01:33:15,360
nice bonus feature because that's the

2292
01:33:19,750 --> 01:33:17,760
focus on board save the sun

2293
01:33:21,669 --> 01:33:19,760
and make a profit save this time to make

2294
01:33:23,030 --> 01:33:21,679
a profit now i'm just going to let you

2295
01:33:26,149 --> 01:33:23,040
know uh

2296
01:33:28,629 --> 01:33:26,159
i've completely stolen all of this

2297
01:33:30,070 --> 01:33:28,639
that that is brilliant

2298
01:33:31,910 --> 01:33:30,080
this is fade to black i'm your stupid

2299
01:33:34,229 --> 01:33:31,920
church tonight isaac arthur is with us

2300
01:33:35,510 --> 01:33:34,239
tonight it's exoplanets

2301
01:33:37,270 --> 01:33:35,520
and

2302
01:33:44,460 --> 01:33:37,280
with a little et thrown in we'll be

2303
01:33:58,390 --> 01:33:55,270
[Music]

2304
01:34:00,570 --> 01:33:58,400
way out here we listen to jimmy church

2305
01:34:03,189 --> 01:34:00,580
you're listening to fade to black

2306
01:34:05,350 --> 01:34:03,199
[Applause]

2307
01:34:06,870 --> 01:34:05,360
you're listening to jimmy church and

2308
01:34:11,940 --> 01:34:06,880
fade to black

2309
01:34:11,950 --> 01:34:25,350
[Applause]

2310
01:34:31,669 --> 01:34:27,189
this is jimmy churchill fade to black

2311
01:34:34,390 --> 01:34:31,679
and this year june 18 2022

2312
01:34:37,030 --> 01:34:34,400
the disclosure fest foundation presents

2313
01:34:40,629 --> 01:34:37,040
the mass meditation initiative it's

2314
01:34:43,189 --> 01:34:40,639
saturday june 18th from 10 a.m to 10 p.m

2315
01:34:45,669 --> 01:34:43,199
one day only at the los angeles state

2316
01:34:48,790 --> 01:34:45,679
historic park in downtown los angeles

2317
01:34:51,189 --> 01:34:48,800
california right next to chinatown i'm

2318
01:34:54,470 --> 01:34:51,199
hosting the event again this year with

2319
01:34:57,910 --> 01:34:54,480
music performances by trevor hall the

2320
01:35:01,189 --> 01:34:57,920
desert dwellers poor on ghee and many

2321
01:35:05,109 --> 01:35:01,199
many more on four separate stages

2322
01:35:07,990 --> 01:35:05,119
there's 16 stages in total over 30 acres

2323
01:35:10,390 --> 01:35:08,000
in downtown los angeles with vendors and

2324
01:35:12,709 --> 01:35:10,400
tents and presentations and workshops

2325
01:35:15,030 --> 01:35:12,719
with billy carson adam apollo lori

2326
01:35:17,510 --> 01:35:15,040
spania laura eisenhower brattles and

2327
01:35:20,109 --> 01:35:17,520
david palmer and many many more it's all

2328
01:35:21,910 --> 01:35:20,119
simple to do just go to

2329
01:35:24,229 --> 01:35:21,920
disclosurefest.org for all of your

2330
01:35:29,810 --> 01:35:24,239
tickets information and a full schedule

2331
01:35:35,350 --> 01:35:33,270
[Music]

2332
01:35:38,070 --> 01:35:35,360
do you want to be an official fate or

2333
01:35:40,310 --> 01:35:38,080
not of course you do this is jimmy

2334
01:35:41,510 --> 01:35:40,320
churchill fade to black just go to our

2335
01:35:44,070 --> 01:35:41,520
membership section at

2336
01:35:45,990 --> 01:35:44,080
jimmychurchradio.com

2337
01:35:47,830 --> 01:35:46,000
vadernots when you think about the

2338
01:35:49,750 --> 01:35:47,840
future of our country and where we're

2339
01:35:52,790 --> 01:35:49,760
headed do you wonder about the food

2340
01:35:54,950 --> 01:35:52,800
supply i do disruptions in the food

2341
01:35:57,750 --> 01:35:54,960
supply chain could be disastrous and

2342
01:35:59,750 --> 01:35:57,760
they usually occur with little warning

2343
01:36:02,790 --> 01:35:59,760
that's why the smartest thing you can do

2344
01:36:05,750 --> 01:36:02,800
today is to stockpile emergency food

2345
01:36:08,550 --> 01:36:05,760
water and other essentials i personally

2346
01:36:10,870 --> 01:36:08,560
recommend my patriot supply they're the

2347
01:36:13,430 --> 01:36:10,880
nation's largest emergency preparedness

2348
01:36:15,910 --> 01:36:13,440
company serving millions of customers

2349
01:36:18,550 --> 01:36:15,920
for more than a decade in fact they're

2350
01:36:21,669 --> 01:36:18,560
the only source my family trusts for our

2351
01:36:25,030 --> 01:36:21,679
preparedness plan you should too right

2352
01:36:27,510 --> 01:36:25,040
now save 20 off a full four week supply

2353
01:36:30,629 --> 01:36:27,520
of delicious meals that provide 2 000

2354
01:36:33,590 --> 01:36:30,639
calories a day saving 20 helps too

2355
01:36:36,550 --> 01:36:33,600
doesn't it especially now so go to

2356
01:36:39,350 --> 01:36:36,560
prepare with jimmy.com and get ready

2357
01:36:41,189 --> 01:36:39,360
that's prepare with jimmy dot com

2358
01:36:43,669 --> 01:36:41,199
there's no time to lose

2359
01:36:46,790 --> 01:36:43,679
do it now

2360
01:36:48,950 --> 01:36:46,800
so you love talk radio then you'll love

2361
01:36:52,149 --> 01:36:48,960
talkstreamlive.com

2362
01:36:54,310 --> 01:36:52,159
talk stream live is always on 24 7 with

2363
01:36:56,229 --> 01:36:54,320
the best streaming talk shows find your

2364
01:36:59,109 --> 01:36:56,239
favorite talkers and discover some new

2365
01:37:01,270 --> 01:36:59,119
ones it's free readily available online

2366
01:37:03,350 --> 01:37:01,280
or on mobile with any smartphone or

2367
01:37:05,910 --> 01:37:03,360
tablet finding your favorite talk shows

2368
01:37:07,709 --> 01:37:05,920
all in one place has gotten a whole lot

2369
01:37:19,109 --> 01:37:07,719
easier just go to

2370
01:37:19,119 --> 01:37:20,150
the downl

2371
01:37:20,160 --> 01:37:24,310
[Music]

2372
01:37:31,109 --> 01:37:26,390
you are listening to fate to black with

2373
01:37:34,070 --> 01:37:31,910
hi

2374
01:37:37,590 --> 01:37:34,080
i'm lisa vance you're listening to jimmy

2375
01:37:40,629 --> 01:37:37,600
church this is revolution the revolution

2376
01:37:42,709 --> 01:37:40,639
will not be televised the revolution is

2377
01:37:47,370 --> 01:37:42,719
on radio

2378
01:38:25,830 --> 01:38:11,590
[Music]

2379
01:38:29,910 --> 01:38:27,910
welcome back fade to black i am your

2380
01:38:32,070 --> 01:38:29,920
host jimmy church tonight isaac arthur

2381
01:38:33,669 --> 01:38:32,080
is with us

2382
01:38:35,669 --> 01:38:33,679
save the sun

2383
01:38:38,550 --> 01:38:35,679
and make a profit

2384
01:38:40,790 --> 01:38:38,560
that's a t-shirt man

2385
01:38:44,310 --> 01:38:40,800
our guest is isaac arthur

2386
01:38:46,790 --> 01:38:44,320
and uh i want to talk about omua

2387
01:38:48,390 --> 01:38:46,800
and have you read let's just start here

2388
01:38:50,149 --> 01:38:48,400
have you read uh avi's book

2389
01:38:52,390 --> 01:38:50,159
extraterrestrial

2390
01:38:54,470 --> 01:38:52,400
no i haven't got to yet

2391
01:38:57,030 --> 01:38:54,480
do you have it

2392
01:38:58,229 --> 01:38:57,040
on audible yes

2393
01:39:00,950 --> 01:38:58,239
it's about my list of things that i

2394
01:39:04,070 --> 01:39:00,960
listen to for a bit it's it's uh it's an

2395
01:39:06,550 --> 01:39:04,080
incredible incredible book and uh it's a

2396
01:39:10,229 --> 01:39:06,560
great audiobook too as well it's uh it's

2397
01:39:11,590 --> 01:39:10,239
it's absolutely fantastic

2398
01:39:14,790 --> 01:39:11,600
um

2399
01:39:17,750 --> 01:39:14,800
artificial natural

2400
01:39:19,350 --> 01:39:17,760
probably natural

2401
01:39:20,390 --> 01:39:19,360
why is it

2402
01:39:23,590 --> 01:39:20,400
that

2403
01:39:26,390 --> 01:39:23,600
physicists like yourself

2404
01:39:27,750 --> 01:39:26,400
can't cross the rubicon

2405
01:39:29,109 --> 01:39:27,760
i think on this one is because i just

2406
01:39:31,830 --> 01:39:29,119
don't feel this i don't feel there's

2407
01:39:33,750 --> 01:39:31,840
enough quite there yet to me the the key

2408
01:39:35,430 --> 01:39:33,760
of anything being artificial that you

2409
01:39:36,229 --> 01:39:35,440
know with that natural artificial divide

2410
01:39:37,590 --> 01:39:36,239
right

2411
01:39:38,709 --> 01:39:37,600
very big difference between you got a

2412
01:39:40,390 --> 01:39:38,719
sighting you know you're looking up at a

2413
01:39:41,830 --> 01:39:40,400
little light moving through the sky it's

2414
01:39:43,910 --> 01:39:41,840
either a plane a satellite a weather

2415
01:39:46,149 --> 01:39:43,920
balloon or an alien ufo it's not natural

2416
01:39:47,270 --> 01:39:46,159
right there's no debate about that we're

2417
01:39:49,830 --> 01:39:47,280
looking at something that might be

2418
01:39:51,430 --> 01:39:49,840
natural or might be artificial i wanted

2419
01:39:53,270 --> 01:39:51,440
to have at least two

2420
01:39:54,390 --> 01:39:53,280
unrelated points that connect up to say

2421
01:39:55,750 --> 01:39:54,400
it's artificial

2422
01:39:57,430 --> 01:39:55,760
you know i'm trying to have new york

2423
01:39:59,750 --> 01:39:57,440
city off a car or something like that is

2424
01:40:01,830 --> 01:39:59,760
artificial i've got a lot of different

2425
01:40:03,910 --> 01:40:01,840
things to indicate not just one

2426
01:40:05,590 --> 01:40:03,920
i know this car is artificial because

2427
01:40:07,270 --> 01:40:05,600
it's built to a task i can see what that

2428
01:40:08,550 --> 01:40:07,280
task is because it has clearly

2429
01:40:10,390 --> 01:40:08,560
manufactured bits because of a whole

2430
01:40:12,709 --> 01:40:10,400
bunch of different stuff so when i want

2431
01:40:15,030 --> 01:40:12,719
to say something is artificial is an

2432
01:40:17,270 --> 01:40:15,040
alien manufacturer i want to be able to

2433
01:40:19,430 --> 01:40:17,280
see more than one thing that says

2434
01:40:21,270 --> 01:40:19,440
artificial in terms of its

2435
01:40:22,709 --> 01:40:21,280
why would not be a natural object like

2436
01:40:24,229 --> 01:40:22,719
what's its purpose

2437
01:40:25,669 --> 01:40:24,239
what was it built to do

2438
01:40:27,030 --> 01:40:25,679
you know if it comes in it's shaped like

2439
01:40:29,109 --> 01:40:27,040
you there could be one thing that's just

2440
01:40:30,629 --> 01:40:29,119
really extreme if it's a perfect cube

2441
01:40:31,990 --> 01:40:30,639
i'm gonna say that's probably artificial

2442
01:40:34,470 --> 01:40:32,000
but then you got things like the giant's

2443
01:40:37,189 --> 01:40:34,480
causeway that are perfect hexagons it

2444
01:40:39,350 --> 01:40:37,199
looks artificial too i need two points

2445
01:40:40,629 --> 01:40:39,360
you know not just one okay

2446
01:40:43,510 --> 01:40:40,639
um

2447
01:40:45,030 --> 01:40:43,520
avi gives you about 150 points in the

2448
01:40:48,629 --> 01:40:45,040
book by the way

2449
01:40:50,870 --> 01:40:48,639
and uh but two things

2450
01:40:52,790 --> 01:40:50,880
when when you go through it

2451
01:40:55,510 --> 01:40:52,800
he points out

2452
01:40:57,430 --> 01:40:55,520
with data by the way

2453
01:40:59,270 --> 01:40:57,440
uh two things

2454
01:41:00,870 --> 01:40:59,280
that

2455
01:41:02,709 --> 01:41:00,880
freaked me out

2456
01:41:05,109 --> 01:41:02,719
number one

2457
01:41:08,470 --> 01:41:05,119
metallic surface

2458
01:41:11,830 --> 01:41:08,480
okay and he gives the data for that

2459
01:41:13,430 --> 01:41:11,840
metallic surface number two

2460
01:41:16,870 --> 01:41:13,440
he says

2461
01:41:19,030 --> 01:41:16,880
it was not oblong

2462
01:41:21,510 --> 01:41:19,040
it was flat

2463
01:41:23,350 --> 01:41:21,520
like a pancake

2464
01:41:24,629 --> 01:41:23,360
and circular

2465
01:41:26,229 --> 01:41:24,639
now

2466
01:41:28,470 --> 01:41:26,239
hold on a minute

2467
01:41:31,030 --> 01:41:28,480
right yeah i mean just let's just stop

2468
01:41:32,470 --> 01:41:31,040
right there and contemplate those two

2469
01:41:34,950 --> 01:41:32,480
points

2470
01:41:39,109 --> 01:41:34,960
metallic surface not a rock not an

2471
01:41:40,390 --> 01:41:39,119
asteroid metallic reflective shining

2472
01:41:43,270 --> 01:41:40,400
surface

2473
01:41:46,790 --> 01:41:45,510
flat like a pancake and shape like a

2474
01:41:48,070 --> 01:41:46,800
pancake

2475
01:41:51,109 --> 01:41:48,080
now

2476
01:41:52,950 --> 01:41:51,119
what natural object

2477
01:41:56,310 --> 01:41:52,960
have have you seen

2478
01:42:00,229 --> 01:41:56,320
right we we photograph image and observe

2479
01:42:01,510 --> 01:42:00,239
asteroids all the time

2480
01:42:03,830 --> 01:42:01,520
they have a

2481
01:42:05,430 --> 01:42:03,840
very general shape to it

2482
01:42:06,310 --> 01:42:05,440
the size

2483
01:42:08,470 --> 01:42:06,320
uh

2484
01:42:11,750 --> 01:42:08,480
you know can vary

2485
01:42:15,590 --> 01:42:11,760
but uh metallic and flat like a pancake

2486
01:42:17,109 --> 01:42:15,600
are not known asteroid shapes

2487
01:42:18,149 --> 01:42:17,119
it depends on what would be making them

2488
01:42:20,550 --> 01:42:18,159
you know we have a pretty limited

2489
01:42:23,189 --> 01:42:20,560
quantity i don't agree with his analysis

2490
01:42:25,750 --> 01:42:23,199
of of them being a flat metallic disc

2491
01:42:28,310 --> 01:42:25,760
but just an example i have a planet

2492
01:42:29,990 --> 01:42:28,320
destroying collision it kicks out chunks

2493
01:42:32,550 --> 01:42:30,000
of material from the core of that planet

2494
01:42:35,270 --> 01:42:32,560
molten metal that big drop of molten

2495
01:42:36,870 --> 01:42:35,280
metal as it's cooling and spinning away

2496
01:42:39,030 --> 01:42:36,880
can flatten out

2497
01:42:40,229 --> 01:42:39,040
in fact it generally would is it going

2498
01:42:42,550 --> 01:42:40,239
to be able to do that at a rate that

2499
01:42:44,629 --> 01:42:42,560
allows it while it's cooling right

2500
01:42:45,830 --> 01:42:44,639
to turn to something kind of disc like

2501
01:42:47,669 --> 01:42:45,840
well yeah

2502
01:42:49,669 --> 01:42:47,679
how disc like how pancake like are we

2503
01:42:51,669 --> 01:42:49,679
talking we have some stallers that are

2504
01:42:53,189 --> 01:42:51,679
surprisingly you know squished up on

2505
01:42:55,350 --> 01:42:53,199
their pores and how quick they rotate

2506
01:42:57,510 --> 01:42:55,360
too there are things that can do that

2507
01:43:00,149 --> 01:42:57,520
they're all you know circles are not the

2508
01:43:02,629 --> 01:43:00,159
same as a square in terms of nature you

2509
01:43:04,709 --> 01:43:02,639
get circles in nature you get hexagons

2510
01:43:06,470 --> 01:43:04,719
in nature and we don't have the data to

2511
01:43:07,910 --> 01:43:06,480
say that it was in like a perfect circle

2512
01:43:10,709 --> 01:43:07,920
or things like that

2513
01:43:12,390 --> 01:43:10,719
metallic surface same concept what

2514
01:43:14,390 --> 01:43:12,400
caused it to get ejected from its solar

2515
01:43:16,950 --> 01:43:14,400
system in the first place probably

2516
01:43:19,990 --> 01:43:16,960
something energetic what survives an

2517
01:43:21,990 --> 01:43:20,000
energetic you know event well a piece of

2518
01:43:23,270 --> 01:43:22,000
molten metal can do that trick

2519
01:43:24,950 --> 01:43:23,280
but then on the way here it should have

2520
01:43:26,790 --> 01:43:24,960
gone oh scarred up with ice and other

2521
01:43:28,390 --> 01:43:26,800
things i don't dispute that it could

2522
01:43:30,229 --> 01:43:28,400
have had metal on surface you know

2523
01:43:32,390 --> 01:43:30,239
that's that is one of those things where

2524
01:43:33,830 --> 01:43:32,400
the data doesn't permit us to speak with

2525
01:43:35,350 --> 01:43:33,840
something we don't have a lot of data on

2526
01:43:37,270 --> 01:43:35,360
the thing we don't have

2527
01:43:38,709 --> 01:43:37,280
really good observations now i haven't

2528
01:43:40,149 --> 01:43:38,719
read his interpretations of them and

2529
01:43:42,229 --> 01:43:40,159
they're probably pretty good ones but

2530
01:43:43,590 --> 01:43:42,239
the same time i have seen the data on

2531
01:43:45,590 --> 01:43:43,600
this stuff and i don't think there's

2532
01:43:48,149 --> 01:43:45,600
anything that would really scream

2533
01:43:50,830 --> 01:43:48,159
this must absolutely be true right okay

2534
01:43:55,750 --> 01:43:50,840
so let's let's let's go to point number

2535
01:44:02,550 --> 01:43:59,350
i mean that changes uh changes to actual

2536
01:44:04,790 --> 01:44:02,560
expect it turned

2537
01:44:07,510 --> 01:44:04,800
okay on its own

2538
01:44:10,070 --> 01:44:07,520
and was not affected by the sun's

2539
01:44:12,229 --> 01:44:10,080
gravity and i'll get to point number

2540
01:44:13,510 --> 01:44:12,239
four in a second so now we've got

2541
01:44:15,430 --> 01:44:13,520
metallic

2542
01:44:20,709 --> 01:44:15,440
flat like a pancake

2543
01:44:22,550 --> 01:44:20,719
and then changes direction on its own

2544
01:44:24,070 --> 01:44:22,560
any pocket of gas inside it that had

2545
01:44:26,790 --> 01:44:24,080
been shielded from the sunlight as it

2546
01:44:28,550 --> 01:44:26,800
came in suddenly superheats and correct

2547
01:44:32,070 --> 01:44:28,560
except

2548
01:44:34,709 --> 01:44:32,080
no gas ejection from this object no

2549
01:44:36,870 --> 01:44:34,719
detected yes that's right right right

2550
01:44:38,709 --> 01:44:36,880
very small object very far away we

2551
01:44:40,470 --> 01:44:38,719
didn't get a good look at it i think

2552
01:44:42,310 --> 01:44:40,480
it's it's easy for folks to remember

2553
01:44:44,629 --> 01:44:42,320
hubble telescope

2554
01:44:47,669 --> 01:44:44,639
very very powerful telescope cannot even

2555
01:44:49,350 --> 01:44:47,679
see the moon landing on the moon

2556
01:44:50,790 --> 01:44:49,360
never got that close to us right and

2557
01:44:51,910 --> 01:44:50,800
it's not much bigger than that landing

2558
01:44:54,629 --> 01:44:51,920
sites

2559
01:44:59,750 --> 01:44:54,639
no no no tail

2560
01:45:03,030 --> 01:44:59,760
no gas ejection uh was no gas uh emitted

2561
01:45:05,030 --> 01:45:03,040
uh from the from the rear of it uh being

2562
01:45:06,709 --> 01:45:05,040
superheated by the sun

2563
01:45:10,229 --> 01:45:06,719
which would cause

2564
01:45:12,310 --> 01:45:10,239
all of this but it had none of that so

2565
01:45:15,109 --> 01:45:12,320
now we've got four things

2566
01:45:18,790 --> 01:45:15,119
no gas ejection wasn't a comet

2567
01:45:21,189 --> 01:45:18,800
uh metallic flat changing directions and

2568
01:45:23,669 --> 01:45:21,199
now we get up to number five

2569
01:45:26,470 --> 01:45:23,679
it increased speed

2570
01:45:28,870 --> 01:45:26,480
and not from gravity

2571
01:45:32,149 --> 01:45:28,880
now now see

2572
01:45:35,590 --> 01:45:32,159
answer that so now we've got five here

2573
01:45:37,910 --> 01:45:35,600
right we've got five very crazy things

2574
01:45:40,390 --> 01:45:37,920
how much of this needs to add up

2575
01:45:42,310 --> 01:45:40,400
before you go well okay there may be a

2576
01:45:44,390 --> 01:45:42,320
possibility here

2577
01:45:45,990 --> 01:45:44,400
oh i think there is a possibility

2578
01:45:47,590 --> 01:45:46,000
it could be and nearly and the thing is

2579
01:45:49,270 --> 01:45:47,600
the thing is i think that he's jumping

2580
01:45:51,590 --> 01:45:49,280
the gun to declare it to be an alien

2581
01:45:53,430 --> 01:45:51,600
artifact i don't think it is but it

2582
01:45:55,109 --> 01:45:53,440
could be i'm not saying it definitely

2583
01:45:57,350 --> 01:45:55,119
isn't thing is

2584
01:45:58,550 --> 01:45:57,360
let's say it's a big metallic disc this

2585
01:46:00,709 --> 01:45:58,560
we're talking about the anomalies of its

2586
01:46:02,550 --> 01:46:00,719
motion things like that okay so a pocket

2587
01:46:04,070 --> 01:46:02,560
of gas whoops on it very quickly and we

2588
01:46:04,950 --> 01:46:04,080
would never see that we would never have

2589
01:46:06,470 --> 01:46:04,960
seen

2590
01:46:09,189 --> 01:46:06,480
if a pocket of that thing would rotate

2591
01:46:10,470 --> 01:46:09,199
around and explode outward not a chance

2592
01:46:11,830 --> 01:46:10,480
that we detect that

2593
01:46:13,109 --> 01:46:11,840
unless we just had me stay at that

2594
01:46:15,270 --> 01:46:13,119
moment that's exactly how i can change

2595
01:46:17,430 --> 01:46:15,280
velocity very quickly but it was also a

2596
01:46:19,590 --> 01:46:17,440
big uncertainty value on its velocity we

2597
01:46:21,030 --> 01:46:19,600
don't know exactly how fast it's going

2598
01:46:23,270 --> 01:46:21,040
these things are always based on

2599
01:46:25,030 --> 01:46:23,280
estimates and those are got some pluses

2600
01:46:26,390 --> 01:46:25,040
and minuses it's not that big of a

2601
01:46:28,149 --> 01:46:26,400
velocity change if you're looking at the

2602
01:46:30,550 --> 01:46:28,159
top ball of uncertainty for the one

2603
01:46:32,629 --> 01:46:30,560
versus the bottom ball or the other

2604
01:46:33,830 --> 01:46:32,639
now then there's this question of all

2605
01:46:35,430 --> 01:46:33,840
right i have let's say it's a big

2606
01:46:36,790 --> 01:46:35,440
metallic pancake

2607
01:46:39,590 --> 01:46:36,800
why

2608
01:46:43,270 --> 01:46:39,600
what's the purpose of big metallic

2609
01:46:46,550 --> 01:46:43,280
pancake well you want to be like a 1950s

2610
01:46:47,350 --> 01:46:46,560
sci-fi film well yeah but i mean you got

2611
01:46:49,510 --> 01:46:47,360
it

2612
01:46:51,510 --> 01:46:49,520
you got to look useful

2613
01:46:52,790 --> 01:46:51,520
you got to have a cool looking spaceship

2614
01:46:55,750 --> 01:46:52,800
man i mean

2615
01:46:57,669 --> 01:46:55,760
you don't want anything boring but but

2616
01:46:59,350 --> 01:46:57,679
but business basic simple geometry

2617
01:47:00,390 --> 01:46:59,360
geometrical shape like a pancake kind of

2618
01:47:01,590 --> 01:47:00,400
void

2619
01:47:03,109 --> 01:47:01,600
i don't know

2620
01:47:05,669 --> 01:47:03,119
but but

2621
01:47:09,430 --> 01:47:05,679
the more uh

2622
01:47:11,590 --> 01:47:09,440
the more data with omumua

2623
01:47:13,270 --> 01:47:11,600
and and again i'm i'm just relying on

2624
01:47:15,910 --> 01:47:13,280
avi in the presentation and

2625
01:47:18,070 --> 01:47:15,920
extraterrestrial but he lays out a

2626
01:47:19,189 --> 01:47:18,080
fantastic case and i'm just touching

2627
01:47:23,750 --> 01:47:19,199
upon

2628
01:47:25,590 --> 01:47:23,760
uh the basics i could continue um uh

2629
01:47:29,430 --> 01:47:25,600
with uh some of

2630
01:47:31,350 --> 01:47:29,440
his points but i think it is it's sound

2631
01:47:34,950 --> 01:47:31,360
i think it's very logical i think it's

2632
01:47:37,270 --> 01:47:34,960
very pragmatic i i really do

2633
01:47:39,430 --> 01:47:37,280
i trust in his ability to put together a

2634
01:47:41,350 --> 01:47:39,440
good case you know the man is an expert

2635
01:47:43,590 --> 01:47:41,360
astronomer and he knows what he's

2636
01:47:45,350 --> 01:47:43,600
talking about but i know people who know

2637
01:47:47,189 --> 01:47:45,360
it as well as he does who don't agree

2638
01:47:49,189 --> 01:47:47,199
with his points on these things they

2639
01:47:51,990 --> 01:47:49,199
have looked at it and they disagree i

2640
01:47:54,149 --> 01:47:52,000
myself am not qualified you know to

2641
01:47:56,149 --> 01:47:54,159
to really i am not anything approaching

2642
01:47:58,149 --> 01:47:56,159
a skill in astronomy right

2643
01:47:59,430 --> 01:47:58,159
i can present things of what it would be

2644
01:48:01,430 --> 01:47:59,440
but in terms of why i behaved

2645
01:48:03,430 --> 01:48:01,440
anomalously to me that's a question of

2646
01:48:05,669 --> 01:48:03,440
well to me i still think the best answer

2647
01:48:07,270 --> 01:48:05,679
is to run the thing down and go to look

2648
01:48:08,870 --> 01:48:07,280
if we know where it was going we can

2649
01:48:10,709 --> 01:48:08,880
find the thing again

2650
01:48:13,030 --> 01:48:10,719
launch a satellite launch something get

2651
01:48:15,270 --> 01:48:13,040
out there it's worth the effort go take

2652
01:48:17,590 --> 01:48:15,280
a peek at this thing right at the same

2653
01:48:19,189 --> 01:48:17,600
time we also have to keep in mind that

2654
01:48:20,629 --> 01:48:19,199
while it is interstellar asteroid we

2655
01:48:22,870 --> 01:48:20,639
know very little about what kind of

2656
01:48:24,470 --> 01:48:22,880
things which go between solar systems we

2657
01:48:26,470 --> 01:48:24,480
were just assuming they look like walls

2658
01:48:27,590 --> 01:48:26,480
you only covered an ice in the trip we

2659
01:48:28,870 --> 01:48:27,600
didn't know that

2660
01:48:30,070 --> 01:48:28,880
what knocks things out of our solar

2661
01:48:32,709 --> 01:48:30,080
system

2662
01:48:33,990 --> 01:48:32,719
well a tiny sliver of something

2663
01:48:35,510 --> 01:48:34,000
i mean that could just be a random

2664
01:48:37,830 --> 01:48:35,520
perturbation but that could also be

2665
01:48:39,990 --> 01:48:37,840
giant collision right these are going to

2666
01:48:42,310 --> 01:48:40,000
produce atypical things we need to know

2667
01:48:43,430 --> 01:48:42,320
what this looks like and a key thing

2668
01:48:45,830 --> 01:48:43,440
that gets skipped sometimes this

2669
01:48:47,990 --> 01:48:45,840
conversation is this was our first time

2670
01:48:49,910 --> 01:48:48,000
we saw an interstellar asteroid but we'd

2671
01:48:51,189 --> 01:48:49,920
already estimated or spaceship we'd

2672
01:48:52,310 --> 01:48:51,199
already estimated that we probably had

2673
01:48:54,550 --> 01:48:52,320
thousands of going through our solar

2674
01:48:55,990 --> 01:48:54,560
system every year we need to know more

2675
01:48:57,910 --> 01:48:56,000
what these things look like and then we

2676
01:49:00,390 --> 01:48:57,920
know if it was anomalous or not

2677
01:49:03,189 --> 01:49:00,400
is this an alien ship if so it's a dead

2678
01:49:04,870 --> 01:49:03,199
one right or it's hibernating what is

2679
01:49:06,390 --> 01:49:04,880
this ceiling's purpose it's clearly not

2680
01:49:08,950 --> 01:49:06,400
meant to be seen

2681
01:49:11,109 --> 01:49:08,960
as what it is right you don't hide it

2682
01:49:12,870 --> 01:49:11,119
this way if you're aiming for subtle you

2683
01:49:15,589 --> 01:49:12,880
know spaceship

2684
01:49:17,430 --> 01:49:15,599
they clearly failed you know yeah i

2685
01:49:19,430 --> 01:49:17,440
don't agree with avi he's you know this

2686
01:49:20,310 --> 01:49:19,440
is definitely an anomalous asteroid

2687
01:49:22,149 --> 01:49:20,320
right

2688
01:49:24,149 --> 01:49:22,159
what he's like

2689
01:49:26,310 --> 01:49:24,159
there's there's one thing that he

2690
01:49:28,629 --> 01:49:26,320
mentions i've talked to him about this

2691
01:49:31,189 --> 01:49:28,639
and i'm still not

2692
01:49:32,070 --> 01:49:31,199
a hundred percent clear

2693
01:49:34,470 --> 01:49:32,080
in that

2694
01:49:36,629 --> 01:49:34,480
you know i've read the book ten times

2695
01:49:40,229 --> 01:49:36,639
right and i've listened to this over and

2696
01:49:42,550 --> 01:49:40,239
over again but i just can't digest it he

2697
01:49:44,870 --> 01:49:42,560
uses the word buoy

2698
01:49:48,790 --> 01:49:44,880
that you know that it was parked

2699
01:49:51,350 --> 01:49:50,070
to to

2700
01:49:56,070 --> 01:49:51,360
to

2701
01:49:58,550 --> 01:49:56,080
if you don't understand if you didn't

2702
01:50:00,310 --> 01:49:58,560
even know that it was here until it

2703
01:50:03,510 --> 01:50:00,320
popped out from behind the sun right

2704
01:50:06,550 --> 01:50:03,520
which is basically how it happened if if

2705
01:50:07,750 --> 01:50:06,560
uh hawaii wasn't looking at at that

2706
01:50:09,350 --> 01:50:07,760
moment

2707
01:50:12,390 --> 01:50:09,360
we lucked out to see it yeah we lucked

2708
01:50:14,629 --> 01:50:12,400
out um but how would he know

2709
01:50:16,790 --> 01:50:14,639
based on on that

2710
01:50:19,830 --> 01:50:16,800
uh you know backing up that it was a

2711
01:50:22,229 --> 01:50:19,840
buoy that was parked

2712
01:50:23,910 --> 01:50:22,239
i don't find that yeah well that's that

2713
01:50:25,270 --> 01:50:23,920
is an assumption it has to have been

2714
01:50:28,229 --> 01:50:25,280
accelerating i don't think we assuming

2715
01:50:29,910 --> 01:50:28,239
that it wasn't uh was a movie at all but

2716
01:50:31,750 --> 01:50:29,920
i'll give you an example again i don't

2717
01:50:33,669 --> 01:50:31,760
know what his particular case is there

2718
01:50:36,229 --> 01:50:33,679
was a popular concept back in the day

2719
01:50:37,990 --> 01:50:36,239
there might be a counter earth right a

2720
01:50:40,070 --> 01:50:38,000
planet on the exact top side of the sun

2721
01:50:42,229 --> 01:50:40,080
that we couldn't see at a lagrange three

2722
01:50:43,750 --> 01:50:42,239
point every system's got one it would

2723
01:50:44,790 --> 01:50:43,760
count orbit with us and we would never

2724
01:50:45,990 --> 01:50:44,800
see it

2725
01:50:48,790 --> 01:50:46,000
if you're looking for a good place to

2726
01:50:50,470 --> 01:50:48,800
leave you know a big lawn detector

2727
01:50:52,149 --> 01:50:50,480
that's the place you put your big dish

2728
01:50:53,350 --> 01:50:52,159
at you put all your small satellites

2729
01:50:55,430 --> 01:50:53,360
where people won't see them in the solar

2730
01:50:58,149 --> 01:50:55,440
system but if you spy on people put your

2731
01:50:59,669 --> 01:50:58,159
big dish and radar at their l3 point

2732
01:51:01,589 --> 01:50:59,679
because on your side of sun and they're

2733
01:51:03,510 --> 01:51:01,599
never gonna see it or see your waves

2734
01:51:05,430 --> 01:51:03,520
coming off it to you send out signals

2735
01:51:06,470 --> 01:51:05,440
right right that's the best interruption

2736
01:51:08,870 --> 01:51:06,480
you can get

2737
01:51:11,109 --> 01:51:08,880
um of course by now we'd have seen that

2738
01:51:12,950 --> 01:51:11,119
right what was it doing well why is it

2739
01:51:15,030 --> 01:51:12,960
suddenly why is it suddenly powering up

2740
01:51:16,709 --> 01:51:15,040
right why now why not earlier when it

2741
01:51:18,470 --> 01:51:16,719
first detected radio waves and could be

2742
01:51:20,470 --> 01:51:18,480
saying maybe i better get out of dodge

2743
01:51:21,990 --> 01:51:20,480
where they can see me well maybe it

2744
01:51:23,350 --> 01:51:22,000
maybe thought that was a good time

2745
01:51:25,669 --> 01:51:23,360
because it didn't think it was i could

2746
01:51:26,870 --> 01:51:25,679
be seen says there's less than 1 000

2747
01:51:28,709 --> 01:51:26,880
chance they're going to spot me on this

2748
01:51:32,229 --> 01:51:28,719
beautiful so it's good to do

2749
01:51:34,629 --> 01:51:32,239
but parking there as a buoy

2750
01:51:36,709 --> 01:51:34,639
has been thought of with saying well one

2751
01:51:38,629 --> 01:51:36,719
why is it that big why is it that size

2752
01:51:40,950 --> 01:51:38,639
what was its purpose where's the other

2753
01:51:43,589 --> 01:51:40,960
telltale's from it and

2754
01:51:45,510 --> 01:51:43,599
why that size low was it packing up

2755
01:51:48,310 --> 01:51:45,520
you say well if i'm going to be a solo

2756
01:51:49,990 --> 01:51:48,320
sales ship i have a huge sale and i sail

2757
01:51:51,669 --> 01:51:50,000
directly out from the sun because i'm

2758
01:51:53,589 --> 01:51:51,679
trying not to be seen

2759
01:51:54,790 --> 01:51:53,599
and then i wrap that sail back up around

2760
01:51:56,790 --> 01:51:54,800
me so it's not getting hit by the

2761
01:51:58,470 --> 01:51:56,800
collisions and dart on the way once i

2762
01:52:00,310 --> 01:51:58,480
fall from the sun but should have been

2763
01:52:02,629 --> 01:52:00,320
wrapping it up yet you know there's so

2764
01:52:03,990 --> 01:52:02,639
many things where you say well

2765
01:52:06,550 --> 01:52:04,000
if we start with the assumption that

2766
01:52:08,709 --> 01:52:06,560
it's x now let's follow x amount it says

2767
01:52:10,790 --> 01:52:08,719
well no that's not how i do it and of

2768
01:52:11,990 --> 01:52:10,800
course just because that's not how i do

2769
01:52:13,510 --> 01:52:12,000
it doesn't mean that's how aliens

2770
01:52:14,870 --> 01:52:13,520
wouldn't do it they might know a lot

2771
01:52:16,629 --> 01:52:14,880
better nursing what's more they can do

2772
01:52:18,149 --> 01:52:16,639
things the least best way to they can

2773
01:52:19,589 --> 01:52:18,159
make mistakes right

2774
01:52:21,510 --> 01:52:19,599
um but

2775
01:52:24,149 --> 01:52:21,520
if it's a solo ship it's solo sailor

2776
01:52:25,350 --> 01:52:24,159
ship it's all sunny reflective well

2777
01:52:27,270 --> 01:52:25,360
why

2778
01:52:28,870 --> 01:52:27,280
is it actually being

2779
01:52:31,109 --> 01:52:28,880
in that shape that's in right now wide

2780
01:52:32,709 --> 01:52:31,119
disk that's that size

2781
01:52:34,149 --> 01:52:32,719
you know it has to be really thin then

2782
01:52:35,910 --> 01:52:34,159
it's not a good sale it's not pointing

2783
01:52:37,430 --> 01:52:35,920
in the right direction to be a sale

2784
01:52:39,589 --> 01:52:37,440
maybe it's wrapping it up maybe it's a

2785
01:52:41,669 --> 01:52:39,599
damaged probe that makes more sense you

2786
01:52:43,910 --> 01:52:41,679
know he did because he does he does

2787
01:52:46,950 --> 01:52:43,920
suggest that actually that it could it

2788
01:52:48,470 --> 01:52:46,960
could be a piece a part yeah and that's

2789
01:52:50,470 --> 01:52:48,480
your best case for a lot of these things

2790
01:52:52,149 --> 01:52:50,480
is because then it doesn't have to match

2791
01:52:54,709 --> 01:52:52,159
all the criteria you'd expect for a

2792
01:52:56,870 --> 01:52:54,719
probe because it's damaged it's not

2793
01:52:59,750 --> 01:52:56,880
doing its job anymore if its job is to

2794
01:53:01,990 --> 01:52:59,760
spy on humans well it failed if the shop

2795
01:53:03,270 --> 01:53:02,000
was not to be seen right right and say

2796
01:53:04,790 --> 01:53:03,280
well maybe it was working on the

2797
01:53:06,709 --> 01:53:04,800
assumption we wouldn't be too likely to

2798
01:53:08,229 --> 01:53:06,719
see it but

2799
01:53:09,990 --> 01:53:08,239
the there are so many ways you can make

2800
01:53:11,669 --> 01:53:10,000
that ship a little bit less visible as

2801
01:53:12,629 --> 01:53:11,679
it were that it clearly doesn't build

2802
01:53:14,550 --> 01:53:12,639
around

2803
01:53:16,149 --> 01:53:14,560
uh so it doesn't meet the context of

2804
01:53:18,229 --> 01:53:16,159
intentionally you know intentionally

2805
01:53:19,589 --> 01:53:18,239
stealthy spaceship observer

2806
01:53:21,350 --> 01:53:19,599
uh on the other hand it doesn't care

2807
01:53:22,550 --> 01:53:21,360
about stealth then it doesn't really

2808
01:53:23,910 --> 01:53:22,560
meet the criteria anyway because the

2809
01:53:24,950 --> 01:53:23,920
best way to get a look at the planet be

2810
01:53:26,870 --> 01:53:24,960
just to

2811
01:53:29,030 --> 01:53:26,880
go look at the planet you get a lot

2812
01:53:30,950 --> 01:53:29,040
closer if it's a buoy designed to look

2813
01:53:31,750 --> 01:53:30,960
at us why isn't it coming over right by

2814
01:53:34,390 --> 01:53:31,760
us

2815
01:53:35,750 --> 01:53:34,400
would you if you were e.t

2816
01:53:37,910 --> 01:53:35,760
um and

2817
01:53:38,870 --> 01:53:37,920
speaking of this buoy concept if you

2818
01:53:41,430 --> 01:53:38,880
were

2819
01:53:43,669 --> 01:53:41,440
hanging out and observing

2820
01:53:45,589 --> 01:53:43,679
would you be out would you be in the

2821
01:53:48,390 --> 01:53:45,599
kuiper belt would you be in the oort

2822
01:53:50,390 --> 01:53:48,400
cloud and if you

2823
01:53:52,870 --> 01:53:50,400
the reason why i would suggest that is

2824
01:53:54,070 --> 01:53:52,880
that you wouldn't reflect sunlight you

2825
01:53:56,310 --> 01:53:54,080
know when you're out at that great

2826
01:53:57,910 --> 01:53:56,320
distance and so visually you wouldn't

2827
01:54:00,550 --> 01:53:57,920
necessarily be

2828
01:54:01,669 --> 01:54:00,560
detectable or observable from earth

2829
01:54:03,910 --> 01:54:01,679
right

2830
01:54:06,229 --> 01:54:03,920
yeah oh very much so and it depends on

2831
01:54:07,350 --> 01:54:06,239
what your power source is right uh we

2832
01:54:08,950 --> 01:54:07,360
shouldn't just assume they got some

2833
01:54:10,229 --> 01:54:08,960
really awesome you know like fusion

2834
01:54:11,350 --> 01:54:10,239
actually they can fit in the car you

2835
01:54:12,870 --> 01:54:11,360
know backseat their car or something

2836
01:54:14,070 --> 01:54:12,880
like that uh on the other hand they

2837
01:54:15,189 --> 01:54:14,080
might have a micro black hole in the

2838
01:54:17,350 --> 01:54:15,199
city it's tobacco thing that in which

2839
01:54:18,870 --> 01:54:17,360
case they got powerful trillion years

2840
01:54:20,550 --> 01:54:18,880
um

2841
01:54:21,750 --> 01:54:20,560
if they're running off of something like

2842
01:54:24,149 --> 01:54:21,760
solar power

2843
01:54:25,750 --> 01:54:24,159
which they might be then they do need to

2844
01:54:27,350 --> 01:54:25,760
be in closer and if they're not then

2845
01:54:29,510 --> 01:54:27,360
they need to spread out a big parabolic

2846
01:54:31,430 --> 01:54:29,520
dish which makes them just as visible

2847
01:54:33,270 --> 01:54:31,440
right so if they're solar powered that

2848
01:54:35,430 --> 01:54:33,280
helps being closer and if you are solar

2849
01:54:37,109 --> 01:54:35,440
powered that l3 point on the other side

2850
01:54:39,189 --> 01:54:37,119
of the sun is your best spot for your

2851
01:54:40,390 --> 01:54:39,199
main thing right you can actually beam

2852
01:54:42,470 --> 01:54:40,400
power to your other things if you have

2853
01:54:44,310 --> 01:54:42,480
to like be smaller but the thing is to

2854
01:54:46,629 --> 01:54:44,320
be able to send a big signal out to your

2855
01:54:47,589 --> 01:54:46,639
big computers you know to have your big

2856
01:54:49,270 --> 01:54:47,599
you know

2857
01:54:50,709 --> 01:54:49,280
factory that replaces your dead drones

2858
01:54:53,270 --> 01:54:50,719
so they can't repair themselves anymore

2859
01:54:54,870 --> 01:54:53,280
or whatever um that's on the other side

2860
01:54:56,550 --> 01:54:54,880
of the sun right because then you know

2861
01:54:57,589 --> 01:54:56,560
no one's going to see it until no one's

2862
01:54:58,870 --> 01:54:57,599
going to sneak up on you because you'll

2863
01:55:00,790 --> 01:54:58,880
be carrying their radio waves away

2864
01:55:02,790 --> 01:55:00,800
sooner and they're going to have to be

2865
01:55:04,390 --> 01:55:02,800
launching probes out to other planets

2866
01:55:06,070 --> 01:55:04,400
that are looking in your direction

2867
01:55:07,990 --> 01:55:06,080
before that isn't going to happen that's

2868
01:55:09,109 --> 01:55:08,000
you know at least 20 late 20th century

2869
01:55:12,149 --> 01:55:09,119
stuff right

2870
01:55:13,589 --> 01:55:12,159
um if your power plant is something else

2871
01:55:15,669 --> 01:55:13,599
though if it is

2872
01:55:18,470 --> 01:55:15,679
fission if it is fusion if it is black

2873
01:55:20,229 --> 01:55:18,480
or yeah kuiper belt absolutely and and

2874
01:55:22,310 --> 01:55:20,239
inside some irrelevant little asteroid

2875
01:55:24,870 --> 01:55:22,320
or cometary body you can just hide in

2876
01:55:26,070 --> 01:55:24,880
right right right

2877
01:55:28,790 --> 01:55:26,080
again

2878
01:55:30,390 --> 01:55:28,800
the sun wouldn't reflect off of it at

2879
01:55:32,149 --> 01:55:30,400
that distance i mean we don't even know

2880
01:55:35,750 --> 01:55:32,159
what the what's in the kuiper belt

2881
01:55:38,390 --> 01:55:35,760
actually we can't really see any of it

2882
01:55:41,109 --> 01:55:38,400
about probably five asteroid belts with

2883
01:55:43,030 --> 01:55:41,119
the icy rocks yeah that's right and

2884
01:55:45,669 --> 01:55:43,040
what i would do if i was a pub out there

2885
01:55:47,669 --> 01:55:45,679
is i would shoot uh fly by probes around

2886
01:55:49,750 --> 01:55:47,679
earth about once a century they look

2887
01:55:51,270 --> 01:55:49,760
like gold comets if they saw one at all

2888
01:55:53,350 --> 01:55:51,280
highly optical orbits they probably

2889
01:55:55,350 --> 01:55:53,360
about the size of a you know a

2890
01:55:57,430 --> 01:55:55,360
volkswagen

2891
01:56:00,070 --> 01:55:57,440
but took photos and then left background

2892
01:56:02,229 --> 01:56:00,080
you know a tic tac

2893
01:56:04,550 --> 01:56:02,239
why not yeah sure it could be

2894
01:56:06,390 --> 01:56:04,560
i mean these shapes go i i would want

2895
01:56:08,709 --> 01:56:06,400
something that looked like a meteor but

2896
01:56:10,950 --> 01:56:08,719
then a lot of things look like a meteor

2897
01:56:12,790 --> 01:56:10,960
you know it's a random piece of garbage

2898
01:56:14,390 --> 01:56:12,800
is basically what meteors are sure

2899
01:56:15,750 --> 01:56:14,400
anything you think it was a normal stone

2900
01:56:18,629 --> 01:56:15,760
shape they'll be in

2901
01:56:21,350 --> 01:56:18,639
now uh last night i had paul heineck on

2902
01:56:23,030 --> 01:56:21,360
the show uh jay allen heineck's son he's

2903
01:56:24,229 --> 01:56:23,040
brilliant and

2904
01:56:33,430 --> 01:56:24,239
uh

2905
01:56:35,030 --> 01:56:33,440
code really understands ai and and other

2906
01:56:37,910 --> 01:56:35,040
concepts and

2907
01:56:40,709 --> 01:56:37,920
and of course uh et loves to talk about

2908
01:56:44,070 --> 01:56:40,719
that one of the things he talked about

2909
01:56:47,350 --> 01:56:44,080
last night is how and you've discussed

2910
01:56:48,310 --> 01:56:47,360
this so while this is fresh in my mind

2911
01:56:49,750 --> 01:56:48,320
um

2912
01:56:52,790 --> 01:56:49,760
how

2913
01:56:57,350 --> 01:56:52,800
we would interpret

2914
01:56:58,709 --> 01:56:57,360
an incoming signal what would et send us

2915
01:56:59,750 --> 01:56:58,719
first

2916
01:57:02,470 --> 01:56:59,760
to

2917
01:57:05,189 --> 01:57:02,480
get the conversation going or

2918
01:57:07,589 --> 01:57:05,199
let's say we go first right what is it

2919
01:57:08,870 --> 01:57:07,599
that we would send to them and what i

2920
01:57:10,950 --> 01:57:08,880
suggested

2921
01:57:12,709 --> 01:57:10,960
is that e.t would send us like the

2922
01:57:19,350 --> 01:57:12,719
binary

2923
01:57:21,270 --> 01:57:19,360
and if we could figure that out right

2924
01:57:23,350 --> 01:57:21,280
and that's what we would send it because

2925
01:57:25,350 --> 01:57:23,360
hydrogen you know being so abundant in

2926
01:57:27,350 --> 01:57:25,360
the universe they know what hydrogen is

2927
01:57:30,629 --> 01:57:27,360
if we send that to them in binary we

2928
01:57:33,430 --> 01:57:30,639
could start they could figure out our

2929
01:57:35,750 --> 01:57:33,440
language slowly what would what would

2930
01:57:36,550 --> 01:57:35,760
you send et first and how would you do

2931
01:57:37,910 --> 01:57:36,560
it

2932
01:57:39,430 --> 01:57:37,920
well i mean the usual idea being that

2933
01:57:40,870 --> 01:57:39,440
you would post these these physical

2934
01:57:42,629 --> 01:57:40,880
consonants at them and things like that

2935
01:57:44,629 --> 01:57:42,639
and those work great but what i would

2936
01:57:47,189 --> 01:57:44,639
send because i want them to apply to me

2937
01:57:49,830 --> 01:57:47,199
as quickly as possible is i would send

2938
01:57:51,830 --> 01:57:49,840
them their day length and their year

2939
01:57:54,229 --> 01:57:51,840
length so they know i was sending a

2940
01:57:55,589 --> 01:57:54,239
message to their planet i want the

2941
01:57:57,109 --> 01:57:55,599
message to say

2942
01:57:59,510 --> 01:57:57,119
on the front end

2943
01:58:00,709 --> 01:57:59,520
i know where you live

2944
01:58:02,950 --> 01:58:00,719
because if you send them they're

2945
01:58:04,470 --> 01:58:02,960
basically in you're posting their their

2946
01:58:05,830 --> 01:58:04,480
day length and their year length at them

2947
01:58:09,350 --> 01:58:05,840
right right and what you can do it's

2948
01:58:11,270 --> 01:58:09,360
just time ratio you know 365 24

2949
01:58:13,510 --> 01:58:11,280
and uh i mean you know that's that's the

2950
01:58:15,990 --> 01:58:13,520
ratio there 365. just pumping that

2951
01:58:18,070 --> 01:58:16,000
number out there guess what it is 365.25

2952
01:58:21,030 --> 01:58:18,080
whatever it is and that says

2953
01:58:23,510 --> 01:58:21,040
we are looking at your planet oh we know

2954
01:58:24,629 --> 01:58:23,520
where you live you might as well apply

2955
01:58:26,470 --> 01:58:24,639
oh

2956
01:58:27,990 --> 01:58:26,480
smart

2957
01:58:29,750 --> 01:58:28,000
yeah right right

2958
01:58:33,589 --> 01:58:29,760
there would be no second guessing if we

2959
01:58:36,070 --> 01:58:33,599
got a if we got a 365 coming in

2960
01:58:37,669 --> 01:58:36,080
that's not a random number and you still

2961
01:58:39,430 --> 01:58:37,679
send your stuff like your pies or your

2962
01:58:42,149 --> 01:58:39,440
perfect squares or the other numbers but

2963
01:58:45,189 --> 01:58:42,159
you send that number because it says

2964
01:58:48,629 --> 01:58:45,199
i know where you live it's not a random

2965
01:58:50,310 --> 01:58:48,639
message out to nobody it's hello

2966
01:58:51,510 --> 01:58:50,320
this is what we can see about you and

2967
01:58:53,270 --> 01:58:51,520
they that's something you can pick up

2968
01:58:54,229 --> 01:58:53,280
from plant pretty easily too yeah so you

2969
01:58:55,510 --> 01:58:54,239
don't have to be all that advanced to

2970
01:58:57,030 --> 01:58:55,520
get there you'll be able to pick up day

2971
01:58:59,030 --> 01:58:57,040
length and year length off plants pretty

2972
01:59:01,109 --> 01:58:59,040
quickly you know exoplanet studies so

2973
01:59:02,790 --> 01:59:01,119
you send it out them and and there you

2974
01:59:04,870 --> 01:59:02,800
go because the biggest question they got

2975
01:59:06,550 --> 01:59:04,880
going isn't just is a signal on because

2976
01:59:08,470 --> 01:59:06,560
you start getting pi or you know

2977
01:59:10,229 --> 01:59:08,480
squaring up with you know set pipe

2978
01:59:12,149 --> 01:59:10,239
challenge to the radio you know that's

2979
01:59:13,750 --> 01:59:12,159
real the question is a hoax or not but

2980
01:59:16,550 --> 01:59:13,760
you know it's an artificial message

2981
01:59:18,550 --> 01:59:16,560
right and then it comes off it says oh

2982
01:59:21,109 --> 01:59:18,560
and by the way

2983
01:59:23,750 --> 01:59:21,119
this message is addressed to you we are

2984
01:59:24,790 --> 01:59:23,760
knocking on your literal door that means

2985
01:59:26,550 --> 01:59:24,800
they don't have to sit around be like

2986
01:59:29,109 --> 01:59:26,560
well should we reply or not because if

2987
01:59:31,270 --> 01:59:29,119
we do uh we might give away our presence

2988
01:59:33,669 --> 01:59:31,280
maybe it's designed to you know expose

2989
01:59:35,109 --> 01:59:33,679
us to a hostile universe well it's

2990
01:59:38,709 --> 01:59:35,119
already

2991
01:59:41,030 --> 01:59:38,719
and there wouldn't be any question about

2992
01:59:42,229 --> 01:59:41,040
it so you have to reply and it takes the

2993
01:59:43,910 --> 01:59:42,239
decision off them and that's you know

2994
01:59:45,750 --> 01:59:43,920
right you got to always think about what

2995
01:59:47,589 --> 01:59:45,760
you could do these folks you could cause

2996
01:59:48,950 --> 01:59:47,599
a war on someone's planet by sending

2997
01:59:51,589 --> 01:59:48,960
them a message and making them have to

2998
01:59:52,709 --> 01:59:51,599
decide they're going to apply to or not

2999
01:59:53,910 --> 01:59:52,719
because you could have people saying

3000
01:59:55,589 --> 01:59:53,920
we're going to blow up those towers

3001
01:59:57,030 --> 01:59:55,599
things like that you know you send a

3002
01:59:59,109 --> 01:59:57,040
probe by someone you say oh i'm sitting

3003
02:00:00,629 --> 01:59:59,119
a flyby probe well those things are

3004
02:00:02,310 --> 02:00:00,639
moving a fraction of the speed of light

3005
02:00:04,149 --> 02:00:02,320
have more you know power in them than a

3006
02:00:05,990 --> 02:00:04,159
whole bunch of nuclear bombs you have to

3007
02:00:07,589 --> 02:00:06,000
be careful with even those little things

3008
02:00:09,510 --> 02:00:07,599
everything you do calibrated towards

3009
02:00:10,629 --> 02:00:09,520
speaking to another civilization right

3010
02:00:13,270 --> 02:00:10,639
you have to think about how they're

3011
02:00:14,390 --> 02:00:13,280
going to respond to it and one of those

3012
02:00:16,550 --> 02:00:14,400
is to say

3013
02:00:18,229 --> 02:00:16,560
hey we want you to talk to us take the

3014
02:00:20,070 --> 02:00:18,239
decision away from them so the point is

3015
02:00:22,229 --> 02:00:20,080
to say we know where you are don't be

3016
02:00:24,229 --> 02:00:22,239
afraid to apply and you would have to

3017
02:00:25,589 --> 02:00:24,239
assume they have a language right that

3018
02:00:28,149 --> 02:00:25,599
they speak

3019
02:00:30,870 --> 02:00:28,159
um how would you

3020
02:00:32,070 --> 02:00:30,880
deal with that i mean is it like

3021
02:00:34,310 --> 02:00:32,080
teaching

3022
02:00:36,790 --> 02:00:34,320
uh you know like helen keller for the

3023
02:00:39,030 --> 02:00:36,800
first time that has no concept on of

3024
02:00:40,470 --> 02:00:39,040
anything at all zero

3025
02:00:42,229 --> 02:00:40,480
but you have to

3026
02:00:43,669 --> 02:00:42,239
you have to figure out the alphabet and

3027
02:00:45,750 --> 02:00:43,679
punctuation

3028
02:00:47,270 --> 02:00:45,760
how do you how do you

3029
02:00:49,189 --> 02:00:47,280
what's that i mean it's frequency

3030
02:00:51,430 --> 02:00:49,199
analysis you don't know what their words

3031
02:00:54,070 --> 02:00:51,440
are early on but you know that once

3032
02:00:56,870 --> 02:00:54,080
every seven planetary rotations this

3033
02:00:58,709 --> 02:00:56,880
word tuesday gets said more often than

3034
02:00:59,750 --> 02:00:58,719
on the other days and it's followed by

3035
02:01:02,070 --> 02:00:59,760
that same pattern for the world

3036
02:01:03,669 --> 02:01:02,080
wednesday and thursday and now you're

3037
02:01:05,669 --> 02:01:03,679
guessing that must be talking about day

3038
02:01:07,589 --> 02:01:05,679
somehow whatever that is is something

3039
02:01:09,589 --> 02:01:07,599
day length based you know those little

3040
02:01:11,510 --> 02:01:09,599
things like every time 24 hours these

3041
02:01:13,350 --> 02:01:11,520
cycles say morning everyone on radio the

3042
02:01:15,750 --> 02:01:13,360
first impostor head is good morning

3043
02:01:17,109 --> 02:01:15,760
happy tuesday everybody it's july blah

3044
02:01:18,950 --> 02:01:17,119
so you get those date and time things

3045
02:01:21,109 --> 02:01:18,960
will be the first thing you pull out we

3046
02:01:22,950 --> 02:01:21,119
have languages on earth made by humans

3047
02:01:24,870 --> 02:01:22,960
only 5 000 years old

3048
02:01:26,229 --> 02:01:24,880
that we do not understand but it's not

3049
02:01:29,350 --> 02:01:26,239
because they had a different mind than

3050
02:01:30,550 --> 02:01:29,360
us it's because we have uh a page worth

3051
02:01:31,750 --> 02:01:30,560
of data

3052
02:01:34,950 --> 02:01:31,760
well we don't have a page where the

3053
02:01:37,430 --> 02:01:34,960
radio signals are both we have a century

3054
02:01:39,510 --> 02:01:37,440
of them right of dozens of people

3055
02:01:41,109 --> 02:01:39,520
talking simultaneously

3056
02:01:43,189 --> 02:01:41,119
for

3057
02:01:44,310 --> 02:01:43,199
you know a century it's billions of

3058
02:01:46,709 --> 02:01:44,320
wards

3059
02:01:49,510 --> 02:01:46,719
so what you're suggesting is

3060
02:01:51,350 --> 02:01:49,520
if if i'm understanding you correctly

3061
02:01:54,870 --> 02:01:51,360
that if et is picking up on those

3062
02:01:56,870 --> 02:01:54,880
signals they already speak 50 languages

3063
02:01:58,390 --> 02:01:56,880
and they fully understand they probably

3064
02:02:00,149 --> 02:01:58,400
think humans have claws because we hear

3065
02:02:01,830 --> 02:02:00,159
about people sinking them into them they

3066
02:02:03,430 --> 02:02:01,840
probably think that we have four babies

3067
02:02:05,270 --> 02:02:03,440
called cats and dogs

3068
02:02:07,270 --> 02:02:05,280
uh and they think that we might eat them

3069
02:02:08,709 --> 02:02:07,280
too you know there's gonna be a lot of

3070
02:02:09,990 --> 02:02:08,719
things they're just gonna mess up on

3071
02:02:11,830 --> 02:02:10,000
they're going to take their species

3072
02:02:14,470 --> 02:02:11,840
called the flying squirrel that eats

3073
02:02:15,910 --> 02:02:14,480
nuts and they are going to think there's

3074
02:02:17,669 --> 02:02:15,920
gonna be so many things they mess up

3075
02:02:19,030 --> 02:02:17,679
homonyms especially

3076
02:02:20,390 --> 02:02:19,040
you know

3077
02:02:21,910 --> 02:02:20,400
they're going to assume the duck must be

3078
02:02:23,270 --> 02:02:21,920
some creature that sneaks under water

3079
02:02:24,950 --> 02:02:23,280
much like the ostrich that plants his

3080
02:02:25,990 --> 02:02:24,960
head on the ground right right those are

3081
02:02:28,149 --> 02:02:26,000
the little things they're going to mess

3082
02:02:29,990 --> 02:02:28,159
up anyway they will not have a perfect

3083
02:02:31,270 --> 02:02:30,000
understanding of our language but they

3084
02:02:33,270 --> 02:02:31,280
will be able to get applied to science

3085
02:02:34,870 --> 02:02:33,280
and technical stuff because that's all

3086
02:02:36,629 --> 02:02:34,880
built around those kind of core

3087
02:02:38,390 --> 02:02:36,639
universal concepts in the first place

3088
02:02:39,750 --> 02:02:38,400
sure they're gonna spot them you know

3089
02:02:40,790 --> 02:02:39,760
not necessarily right away but you don't

3090
02:02:42,310 --> 02:02:40,800
have a whole room with scientists

3091
02:02:43,830 --> 02:02:42,320
sitting together looking at a bunch of

3092
02:02:46,070 --> 02:02:43,840
you know shapes and images that look

3093
02:02:48,229 --> 02:02:46,080
like chemicals to us before one of them

3094
02:02:51,270 --> 02:02:48,239
you know either completely alien says

3095
02:02:53,030 --> 02:02:51,280
that's uranium-238

3096
02:02:55,430 --> 02:02:53,040
yeah yeah

3097
02:02:58,229 --> 02:02:55,440
stretch armstrong would really throw him

3098
02:02:59,270 --> 02:02:58,239
for a curve right yeah yeah i could i

3099
02:03:00,870 --> 02:02:59,280
could

3100
02:03:02,310 --> 02:03:00,880
let's take our break right here this is

3101
02:03:04,229 --> 02:03:02,320
fade to black our guest tonight the one

3102
02:03:06,870 --> 02:03:04,239
and only isaac arthur

3103
02:03:08,950 --> 02:03:06,880
the host of

3104
02:03:10,709 --> 02:03:08,960
science and futurism with isaac arthur

3105
02:03:12,390 --> 02:03:10,719
on youtube go and check it out this is

3106
02:03:14,860 --> 02:03:12,400
faded black i'm here with jimmy church

3107
02:03:16,950 --> 02:03:14,870
stay with us we'll be right back

3108
02:03:18,120 --> 02:03:16,960
[Music]

3109
02:03:20,709 --> 02:03:18,130
[Applause]

3110
02:03:22,470 --> 02:03:20,719
[Music]

3111
02:03:28,030 --> 02:03:22,480
hi everybody this is rob for the mental

3112
02:03:31,990 --> 02:03:29,510
[Music]

3113
02:03:35,430 --> 02:03:32,000
your 1 million gigawatt paranormal

3114
02:03:37,109 --> 02:03:35,440
powerhouse kumx db

3115
02:03:38,870 --> 02:03:37,119
the x

3116
02:03:41,430 --> 02:03:38,880
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3117
02:03:44,229 --> 02:03:41,440
paranormal events unex media publishes

3118
02:03:46,629 --> 02:03:44,239
non-fiction books about ufos ghosts and

3119
02:03:49,910 --> 02:03:46,639
haunted places time anomalies cryptid

3120
02:03:52,069 --> 02:03:49,920
creatures and more just like kunxdb

3121
02:03:56,149 --> 02:03:52,079
radio it's all about unexplained

3122
02:03:58,229 --> 02:03:56,159
phenomena visit www.unxmedia.com

3123
02:04:00,470 --> 02:03:58,239
to see our list of great book titles by

3124
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3125
02:04:05,109 --> 02:04:02,960
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3126
02:04:08,229 --> 02:04:05,119
yours truly margie k that's an

3127
02:04:12,229 --> 02:04:10,069
why is it we're not very good with our

3128
02:04:13,990 --> 02:04:12,239
health regiment until it's too late we

3129
02:04:15,830 --> 02:04:14,000
don't put oil in the car until the

3130
02:04:18,629 --> 02:04:15,840
engine blows up when the body's out of

3131
02:04:20,870 --> 02:04:18,639
balance your health is not so good give

3132
02:04:23,830 --> 02:04:20,880
your body some love log on to get the

3133
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3134
02:04:28,950 --> 02:04:25,840
try our life change tea which cleanses

3135
02:04:30,790 --> 02:04:28,960
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3137
02:04:34,790 --> 02:04:32,800
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3138
02:04:37,510 --> 02:04:34,800
supplements to help you get where you

3139
02:04:39,990 --> 02:04:37,520
need to go so do your body a favor log

3140
02:04:42,069 --> 02:04:40,000
on to get the tea dot com that's get the

3141
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ttea.com

3142
02:04:46,790 --> 02:04:44,320
you can even visit our sales page to

3143
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save some dough does anybody call money

3144
02:04:50,550 --> 02:04:48,960
dough anymore anyway log on to

3145
02:04:53,030 --> 02:04:50,560
getthet.com

3146
02:04:55,750 --> 02:04:53,040
shop get balanced then learn some cool

3147
02:04:59,109 --> 02:04:55,760
tips at health matters now you'll be

3148
02:05:00,870 --> 02:04:59,119
glad you did that's get the tea dot com

3149
02:05:04,310 --> 02:05:00,880
this is jimmy church of fade to black

3150
02:05:07,430 --> 02:05:04,320
and i only drink fade to black blend

3151
02:05:09,629 --> 02:05:07,440
coffee from river moon just click on the

3152
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river moon coffee banner at

3153
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jimmychurchradio.com promo code f2b

3154
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3155
02:05:22,870 --> 02:05:17,520
this is the only way forward

3156
02:05:25,109 --> 02:05:22,880
this is made to black make contact

3157
02:05:26,709 --> 02:05:25,119
this is billy carson founder and ceo of

3158
02:05:28,870 --> 02:05:26,719
forbidden knowledge and we're heading to

3159
02:05:30,390 --> 02:05:28,880
egypt this october come join jimmy

3160
02:05:31,910 --> 02:05:30,400
church myself and the forbidden

3161
02:05:33,910 --> 02:05:31,920
knowledge team as we spend a week

3162
02:05:36,709 --> 02:05:33,920
exploring giza the great sphinx the

3163
02:05:38,550 --> 02:05:36,719
great pyramid zakara dashur aswan edfu

3164
02:05:40,790 --> 02:05:38,560
dindara karnak and will celebrate

3165
02:05:42,629 --> 02:05:40,800
jimmy's birthday in luxor the forbidden

3166
02:05:44,709 --> 02:05:42,639
tour of egypt is this october 5th

3167
02:05:46,709 --> 02:05:44,719
through the 12th and includes a four day

3168
02:05:48,709 --> 02:05:46,719
nile cruise expert egyptologist and a

3169
02:05:50,149 --> 02:05:48,719
chance to explore egypt with jimmy and i

3170
02:05:52,470 --> 02:05:50,159
as your host through your journey of a

3171
02:05:54,790 --> 02:05:52,480
lifetime space is limited so make your

3172
02:05:56,470 --> 02:05:54,800
reservations now please visit forbidden

3173
02:05:58,470 --> 02:05:56,480
knowledge.com for information and

3174
02:06:03,750 --> 02:05:58,480
complete itinerary that's forbidden

3175
02:06:10,069 --> 02:06:05,589
this is jimmy church of fade to black

3176
02:06:12,790 --> 02:06:10,079
and this year june 18 2022

3177
02:06:15,350 --> 02:06:12,800
the disclosure fest foundation presents

3178
02:06:18,950 --> 02:06:15,360
the mass meditation initiative it's

3179
02:06:21,589 --> 02:06:18,960
saturday june 18th from 10 a.m to 10 p.m

3180
02:06:23,990 --> 02:06:21,599
one day only at the los angeles state

3181
02:06:27,189 --> 02:06:24,000
historic park in downtown los angeles

3182
02:06:29,510 --> 02:06:27,199
california right next to chinatown i'm

3183
02:06:31,510 --> 02:06:29,520
hosting the event again this year with

3184
02:06:34,790 --> 02:06:31,520
music performances by

3185
02:06:38,709 --> 02:06:34,800
trevor hall the desert dwellers poor on

3186
02:06:42,229 --> 02:06:38,719
key and many many more on four separate

3187
02:06:45,430 --> 02:06:42,239
stages there's 16 stages in total over

3188
02:06:48,149 --> 02:06:45,440
30 acres in downtown los angeles with

3189
02:06:50,629 --> 02:06:48,159
vendors and tents and presentations and

3190
02:06:53,270 --> 02:06:50,639
workshops with billy carson adam apollo

3191
02:06:55,589 --> 02:06:53,280
lori spania laura eisenhower brattles

3192
02:06:58,510 --> 02:06:55,599
and david palmer and many many more it's

3193
02:07:00,310 --> 02:06:58,520
all simple to do just go to

3194
02:07:02,550 --> 02:07:00,320
disclosurefest.org for all of your

3195
02:07:04,149 --> 02:07:02,560
tickets information and a full schedule

3196
02:07:05,189 --> 02:07:04,159
of the day's events

3197
02:07:08,170 --> 02:07:05,199
again

3198
02:07:20,229 --> 02:07:08,180
disclosurefest.org

3199
02:07:25,910 --> 02:07:22,069
you wanna know a secret

3200
02:07:27,189 --> 02:07:25,920
i love ponies i really love ponies i'm

3201
02:07:29,109 --> 02:07:27,199
serious

3202
02:07:30,790 --> 02:07:29,119
i couldn't stay sane without pulling

3203
02:07:32,870 --> 02:07:30,800
instabrush

3204
02:07:39,350 --> 02:07:32,880
why fade to black

3205
02:07:45,370 --> 02:07:41,589
this is pony to black with jimmy church

3206
02:07:57,669 --> 02:07:45,380
on the game changer radio network

3207
02:07:59,910 --> 02:07:57,679
[Music]

3208
02:08:02,470 --> 02:07:59,920
all right welcome back fade to black i

3209
02:08:03,990 --> 02:08:02,480
am your host jimmy church

3210
02:08:08,629 --> 02:08:04,000
tonight

3211
02:08:12,390 --> 02:08:08,639
isaac arthur is with us

3212
02:08:15,030 --> 02:08:12,400
exoplanets omomua check check

3213
02:08:18,629 --> 02:08:15,040
e.t we haven't gotten there yet um and

3214
02:08:21,589 --> 02:08:18,639
i'm gonna go uh into another zone uh

3215
02:08:23,589 --> 02:08:21,599
uh uh do a little segue

3216
02:08:27,990 --> 02:08:23,599
um which is

3217
02:08:29,589 --> 02:08:28,000
the department of defense right now um

3218
02:08:35,830 --> 02:08:29,599
the

3219
02:08:38,550 --> 02:08:35,840
in et and and and things that are being

3220
02:08:41,350 --> 02:08:38,560
witnessed by different branches of the

3221
02:08:43,669 --> 02:08:41,360
military has now got the attention as we

3222
02:08:45,189 --> 02:08:43,679
all know of uh the senate intelligence

3223
02:08:47,430 --> 02:08:45,199
committee we've got the gillibrand

3224
02:08:50,709 --> 02:08:47,440
amendment in the new budget

3225
02:08:53,270 --> 02:08:50,719
uh that is now legislation going into uh

3226
02:08:58,229 --> 02:08:53,280
2022 we've got a new

3227
02:09:00,950 --> 02:08:58,239
uh task force uh established uh based at

3228
02:09:03,109 --> 02:09:00,960
wright patterson i might add

3229
02:09:05,270 --> 02:09:03,119
um i'm sure you're part of

3230
02:09:07,750 --> 02:09:05,280
your your chairman of the committee over

3231
02:09:08,950 --> 02:09:07,760
there but but here's the deal

3232
02:09:11,350 --> 02:09:08,960
um

3233
02:09:13,510 --> 02:09:11,360
the department of defense

3234
02:09:16,069 --> 02:09:13,520
the opposite of neil degrasse tyson by

3235
02:09:18,950 --> 02:09:16,079
the way the department of defense

3236
02:09:20,470 --> 02:09:18,960
has said it's not foreign adversaries

3237
02:09:24,310 --> 02:09:20,480
it's not us

3238
02:09:26,790 --> 02:09:24,320
and we have the other bin those are

3239
02:09:27,669 --> 02:09:26,800
their words not mine right

3240
02:09:29,830 --> 02:09:27,679
um

3241
02:09:32,790 --> 02:09:29,840
now they're saying everything but we're

3242
02:09:35,430 --> 02:09:32,800
being visited by e.t

3243
02:09:37,189 --> 02:09:35,440
but they've checked everything off uh

3244
02:09:38,310 --> 02:09:37,199
they've scratched everything else off of

3245
02:09:40,470 --> 02:09:38,320
the list

3246
02:09:42,310 --> 02:09:40,480
uh what do you what do you as you as you

3247
02:09:44,790 --> 02:09:42,320
hear all of this isaac what do you think

3248
02:09:46,870 --> 02:09:44,800
is actually going on

3249
02:09:48,310 --> 02:09:46,880
that's a hard one because i i've long

3250
02:09:50,470 --> 02:09:48,320
been on the opinion that they wore

3251
02:09:52,310 --> 02:09:50,480
terrestrial vehicles that the people

3252
02:09:54,470 --> 02:09:52,320
they most likely belong to was another

3253
02:09:56,149 --> 02:09:54,480
branch of the military or even the same

3254
02:09:58,390 --> 02:09:56,159
branch different department

3255
02:09:59,510 --> 02:09:58,400
um because you know who's got the most

3256
02:10:01,669 --> 02:09:59,520
advanced stuff that would also be

3257
02:10:03,910 --> 02:10:01,679
hanging around fleets to check that will

3258
02:10:05,589 --> 02:10:03,920
be all stuff right and on submarines

3259
02:10:06,870 --> 02:10:05,599
regularly go up by own carrier fleets to

3260
02:10:08,870 --> 02:10:06,880
see if they get detected or stuff like

3261
02:10:11,189 --> 02:10:08,880
that if it's terrestrial i think it's

3262
02:10:12,629 --> 02:10:11,199
ours and you know i don't really accept

3263
02:10:13,669 --> 02:10:12,639
those answers from them anyway because

3264
02:10:15,270 --> 02:10:13,679
one

3265
02:10:18,629 --> 02:10:15,280
if they're on secret missions they are

3266
02:10:21,109 --> 02:10:19,990
i mean we can check them off to some

3267
02:10:22,310 --> 02:10:21,119
degree but

3268
02:10:23,910 --> 02:10:22,320
you know it's like they're necessarily

3269
02:10:25,510 --> 02:10:23,920
recording those very well they feel any

3270
02:10:27,910 --> 02:10:25,520
obligation to say report those unless

3271
02:10:28,709 --> 02:10:27,920
they were under extreme orders to do so

3272
02:10:30,550 --> 02:10:28,719
uh

3273
02:10:32,709 --> 02:10:30,560
if it's somebody else's if it's like

3274
02:10:34,470 --> 02:10:32,719
russia's or china's or india's or

3275
02:10:35,510 --> 02:10:34,480
whoever's that doesn't mean that we

3276
02:10:36,870 --> 02:10:35,520
would know you know i don't think

3277
02:10:38,149 --> 02:10:36,880
they're gonna brag to us they get some

3278
02:10:41,030 --> 02:10:38,159
stealthy system

3279
02:10:42,709 --> 02:10:41,040
uh if it is an alien system i still and

3280
02:10:44,229 --> 02:10:42,719
this is the big one i want to know what

3281
02:10:45,990 --> 02:10:44,239
they're doing

3282
02:10:49,910 --> 02:10:46,000
you know why would you go and

3283
02:10:51,109 --> 02:10:49,920
essentially taunt or kill your fleet

3284
02:10:53,030 --> 02:10:51,119
well

3285
02:10:54,390 --> 02:10:53,040
those are that particular one right

3286
02:10:56,069 --> 02:10:54,400
right right

3287
02:10:57,430 --> 02:10:56,079
dies down on the sea you know i'm not

3288
02:10:59,510 --> 02:10:57,440
sure what's down in the bottom should

3289
02:11:00,790 --> 02:10:59,520
they be interested either but you know

3290
02:11:02,069 --> 02:11:00,800
that's the question to me is i don't

3291
02:11:03,750 --> 02:11:02,079
know what they want they could easily be

3292
02:11:06,310 --> 02:11:03,760
aliens you know i i don't want to rule

3293
02:11:08,310 --> 02:11:06,320
that out to me that's one in ten you

3294
02:11:11,350 --> 02:11:08,320
know but it's a real number that's a

3295
02:11:13,669 --> 02:11:11,360
real number okay one in ten here's let

3296
02:11:16,790 --> 02:11:13,679
me go back to your point and i have

3297
02:11:19,910 --> 02:11:16,800
discussed this at length with uh crew

3298
02:11:20,790 --> 02:11:19,920
members that were there with the nimitz

3299
02:11:23,510 --> 02:11:20,800
uh

3300
02:11:24,629 --> 02:11:23,520
specifically you know radar operators

3301
02:11:32,870 --> 02:11:24,639
and

3302
02:11:36,069 --> 02:11:32,880
look at these targets

3303
02:11:38,709 --> 02:11:36,079
uh kevin day who ordered that was a

3304
02:11:40,149 --> 02:11:38,719
guest on this show too as well so

3305
02:11:42,229 --> 02:11:40,159
here's the deal

3306
02:11:43,510 --> 02:11:42,239
if it was hours

3307
02:11:44,390 --> 02:11:43,520
and

3308
02:11:49,350 --> 02:11:44,400
uh

3309
02:11:50,709 --> 02:11:49,360
programs and and so forth okay

3310
02:11:53,030 --> 02:11:50,719
but that would

3311
02:11:54,310 --> 02:11:53,040
have to have been done outside the

3312
02:11:56,870 --> 02:11:54,320
purview

3313
02:12:00,709 --> 02:11:56,880
of congress and the senate and

3314
02:12:04,310 --> 02:12:00,719
apparently the pentagon as well

3315
02:12:07,270 --> 02:12:04,320
where an entire carrier battle group

3316
02:12:11,270 --> 02:12:07,280
was unaware of testing

3317
02:12:14,870 --> 02:12:11,280
uh of their radar spy one system

3318
02:12:16,390 --> 02:12:14,880
and could have really caused a lot of

3319
02:12:18,629 --> 02:12:16,400
problems

3320
02:12:22,149 --> 02:12:18,639
with uh activating flight crews and

3321
02:12:24,310 --> 02:12:22,159
f-18s and and things that you're putting

3322
02:12:27,910 --> 02:12:24,320
uh lives in jeopardy

3323
02:12:29,669 --> 02:12:27,920
and outside of any regulation at all and

3324
02:12:31,589 --> 02:12:29,679
and not known by

3325
02:12:35,510 --> 02:12:31,599
by congress or the senate intelligence

3326
02:12:36,790 --> 02:12:35,520
committee who are now asking questions

3327
02:12:38,390 --> 02:12:36,800
who should have been asking questions

3328
02:12:40,390 --> 02:12:38,400
for a lot longer and to be fair didn't

3329
02:12:42,790 --> 02:12:40,400
like the 70s for instance too but you

3330
02:12:43,990 --> 02:12:42,800
know i i generally tend to be on the

3331
02:12:45,430 --> 02:12:44,000
trusting side where government's

3332
02:12:46,550 --> 02:12:45,440
concerned and even i don't really trust

3333
02:12:47,510 --> 02:12:46,560
them that much

3334
02:12:51,350 --> 02:12:47,520
um

3335
02:12:52,870 --> 02:12:51,360
they're running a test on something

3336
02:12:54,470 --> 02:12:52,880
it didn't go well because they got the

3337
02:12:56,390 --> 02:12:54,480
whole big scramble up on it of things

3338
02:12:57,510 --> 02:12:56,400
going on and they did not want it

3339
02:12:59,430 --> 02:12:57,520
knowing that that happened so they

3340
02:13:01,510 --> 02:12:59,440
delete that that entire drill took place

3341
02:13:02,709 --> 02:13:01,520
secretly anyway in the first place and

3342
02:13:04,229 --> 02:13:02,719
just happened to be in a slightly

3343
02:13:06,550 --> 02:13:04,239
different place in time when they

3344
02:13:07,990 --> 02:13:06,560
acquainted that well so yeah i know we

3345
02:13:09,430 --> 02:13:08,000
weren't over there at that time we were

3346
02:13:11,910 --> 02:13:09,440
flying over there with our stealth

3347
02:13:14,310 --> 02:13:11,920
prototype that kind of thing is not that

3348
02:13:16,149 --> 02:13:14,320
unbelievable to me uh i don't like to

3349
02:13:17,669 --> 02:13:16,159
accuse anyone of anything and say it was

3350
02:13:19,189 --> 02:13:17,679
not confusing the pilots have not seen

3351
02:13:20,709 --> 02:13:19,199
what they saw things like that right

3352
02:13:23,990 --> 02:13:20,719
right there's the same question that

3353
02:13:25,990 --> 02:13:24,000
comes up is if it's an alien ship well

3354
02:13:27,030 --> 02:13:26,000
okay maybe we do know about that already

3355
02:13:28,870 --> 02:13:27,040
what they think it was and they thought

3356
02:13:30,310 --> 02:13:28,880
it was aliens now they'd say

3357
02:13:31,669 --> 02:13:30,320
now we don't want anyone to know that's

3358
02:13:34,069 --> 02:13:31,679
the case so why not just say it was a

3359
02:13:35,350 --> 02:13:34,079
drill right or the same sequence events

3360
02:13:37,109 --> 02:13:35,360
would go on a lot of these seconds we

3361
02:13:38,790 --> 02:13:37,119
don't know what it was

3362
02:13:40,629 --> 02:13:38,800
uh but we shouldn't take assumption

3363
02:13:42,629 --> 02:13:40,639
about what it is because of that

3364
02:13:45,109 --> 02:13:42,639
it could be exactly what we tend to

3365
02:13:46,950 --> 02:13:45,119
think it is and that is either you know

3366
02:13:48,310 --> 02:13:46,960
another country screw with us or one of

3367
02:13:50,950 --> 02:13:48,320
our own departments that's not admitting

3368
02:13:52,709 --> 02:13:50,960
to it alien the ufo is actually running

3369
02:13:54,470 --> 02:13:52,719
buzzes on our fleet

3370
02:13:56,790 --> 02:13:54,480
i don't know right

3371
02:14:00,550 --> 02:13:56,800
now as a physicist

3372
02:14:04,069 --> 02:14:00,560
um and we if we look at the data and we

3373
02:14:06,550 --> 02:14:04,079
listen to the eyewitness testimony from

3374
02:14:09,750 --> 02:14:06,560
the crew members on the ships number one

3375
02:14:11,910 --> 02:14:09,760
and number two the pilots themselves

3376
02:14:14,550 --> 02:14:11,920
okay so we have radar operators we have

3377
02:14:15,990 --> 02:14:14,560
the western weapon systems we have

3378
02:14:17,669 --> 02:14:16,000
you know the crew

3379
02:14:19,669 --> 02:14:17,679
also uh

3380
02:14:22,870 --> 02:14:19,679
uh sean cahill

3381
02:14:24,470 --> 02:14:22,880
who was uh you know i i guess the best

3382
02:14:27,030 --> 02:14:24,480
way to uh

3383
02:14:29,189 --> 02:14:27,040
uh he's uh

3384
02:14:32,709 --> 02:14:29,199
uh he's like the sheriff

3385
02:14:35,589 --> 02:14:32,719
okay he's the sheriff of

3386
02:14:37,270 --> 02:14:35,599
the navy he's a commander he was also on

3387
02:14:41,830 --> 02:14:37,280
the show too as well when all of this

3388
02:14:44,629 --> 02:14:41,840
went down okay so uh if we understand

3389
02:14:46,709 --> 02:14:44,639
correctly and this is from multiple

3390
02:14:49,830 --> 02:14:46,719
sources not just one

3391
02:14:51,669 --> 02:14:49,840
that as a physicist when you hear

3392
02:14:57,109 --> 02:14:51,679
that this object

3393
02:15:01,510 --> 02:14:57,119
40 feet long right went from 80 000 feet

3394
02:15:03,990 --> 02:15:01,520
to sea level well it parked at 28 000

3395
02:15:09,030 --> 02:15:04,000
feet so 80 000 feet to 28 000 feet then

3396
02:15:11,910 --> 02:15:09,040
down the sea level in less than a second

3397
02:15:13,830 --> 02:15:11,920
how is that possible what do we now now

3398
02:15:15,669 --> 02:15:13,840
what are we talking about here from a

3399
02:15:17,589 --> 02:15:15,679
physics perspective

3400
02:15:21,350 --> 02:15:17,599
anti-gravity

3401
02:15:23,510 --> 02:15:21,360
we're not seeing uh there was no uh uh

3402
02:15:25,669 --> 02:15:23,520
sonic booms you would think that there

3403
02:15:27,350 --> 02:15:25,679
would be a tremendous energy release at

3404
02:15:30,229 --> 02:15:27,360
the surface of the ocean that would be

3405
02:15:33,990 --> 02:15:30,239
visible right if you hit the brakes

3406
02:15:35,750 --> 02:15:34,000
at that type of velocity as a physicist

3407
02:15:38,550 --> 02:15:35,760
what are you thinking

3408
02:15:40,550 --> 02:15:38,560
it's dropping 80 000 to 20 000 feet or

3409
02:15:43,109 --> 02:15:40,560
what would that be uh

3410
02:15:43,910 --> 02:15:43,119
60 12 miles per second or something like

3411
02:15:47,270 --> 02:15:43,920
that

3412
02:15:48,550 --> 02:15:47,280
faster than the actual orbital velocity

3413
02:15:49,910 --> 02:15:48,560
around this planet but this kind of

3414
02:15:51,270 --> 02:15:49,920
speed that things come into our

3415
02:15:52,709 --> 02:15:51,280
atmosphere at

3416
02:15:54,870 --> 02:15:52,719
there are a lot of things coming that

3417
02:15:56,709 --> 02:15:54,880
fast it's just that they are usually not

3418
02:15:58,950 --> 02:15:56,719
going away afterwards

3419
02:16:01,430 --> 02:15:58,960
what would cause it to drop that height

3420
02:16:03,270 --> 02:16:01,440
and you know anything coming from space

3421
02:16:04,629 --> 02:16:03,280
would be going that fast it's not the

3422
02:16:06,709 --> 02:16:04,639
speed you'd expect a shift to be going

3423
02:16:08,950 --> 02:16:06,719
at from a physics standpoint pulling out

3424
02:16:11,109 --> 02:16:08,960
that velocity is no big deal right it's

3425
02:16:13,350 --> 02:16:11,119
just a matter of letting yourself fall

3426
02:16:15,270 --> 02:16:13,360
and being skinny enough that you're not

3427
02:16:17,589 --> 02:16:15,280
getting a whole ton of drag skinny and

3428
02:16:19,189 --> 02:16:17,599
thick you take your rods for god they

3429
02:16:21,270 --> 02:16:19,199
say the order bombardment techniques

3430
02:16:23,510 --> 02:16:21,280
right take a big tungsten rod and drop

3431
02:16:24,950 --> 02:16:23,520
it that's what that looks like

3432
02:16:26,790 --> 02:16:24,960
that would be something i wouldn't mind

3433
02:16:29,669 --> 02:16:26,800
experimenting with one day that would be

3434
02:16:31,189 --> 02:16:29,679
a great weapon system i would never ever

3435
02:16:33,990 --> 02:16:31,199
ever tell you what he had in prototype

3436
02:16:37,990 --> 02:16:35,110
what does that look like when it

3437
02:16:40,070 --> 02:16:38,000
detonates well if i detonate say 20 000

3438
02:16:42,309 --> 02:16:40,080
feet up in the air to break into a whole

3439
02:16:43,830 --> 02:16:42,319
bunch of smaller possibly self-directed

3440
02:16:44,790 --> 02:16:43,840
little bullets they're gonna go to land

3441
02:16:46,790 --> 02:16:44,800
places

3442
02:16:48,950 --> 02:16:46,800
like an anti-personnel cluster mutation

3443
02:16:50,389 --> 02:16:48,960
well that might look like that

3444
02:16:52,230 --> 02:16:50,399
i don't think that's what it was mind

3445
02:16:53,429 --> 02:16:52,240
you but that's on the table right right

3446
02:16:55,270 --> 02:16:53,439
that's right a lot of things it could be

3447
02:16:57,910 --> 02:16:55,280
i can put together scenarios that this

3448
02:16:59,429 --> 02:16:57,920
might be the case for um

3449
02:17:02,070 --> 02:16:59,439
it's a spaceship it's coming in really

3450
02:17:04,150 --> 02:17:02,080
fast it's a drop pod how would you drop

3451
02:17:06,150 --> 02:17:04,160
infantry onto another planet well you

3452
02:17:07,990 --> 02:17:06,160
drop them as fast as you possibly can

3453
02:17:09,669 --> 02:17:08,000
right you might even push the envelope

3454
02:17:10,709 --> 02:17:09,679
and make you go faster they need to slow

3455
02:17:11,990 --> 02:17:10,719
them down real quick so they don't get

3456
02:17:13,990 --> 02:17:12,000
shot up on the way down but then they

3457
02:17:16,150 --> 02:17:14,000
slow start to hit that surface at uh you

3458
02:17:18,150 --> 02:17:16,160
know 10 miles a second so you deploy a

3459
02:17:19,669 --> 02:17:18,160
big graphene parachute graphene's a

3460
02:17:21,910 --> 02:17:19,679
super material and one of its properties

3461
02:17:23,190 --> 02:17:21,920
is it would make a great parachute what

3462
02:17:25,270 --> 02:17:23,200
would that look like when you suddenly

3463
02:17:27,589 --> 02:17:25,280
deploy it 10 miles up and it yanks you

3464
02:17:29,349 --> 02:17:27,599
to a rapid dust you hold

3465
02:17:31,750 --> 02:17:29,359
these are things that can have really

3466
02:17:33,429 --> 02:17:31,760
weird effects if you see them on a scope

3467
02:17:35,190 --> 02:17:33,439
another thing to keep in mind i don't

3468
02:17:37,349 --> 02:17:35,200
like to ever you know knock someone as

3469
02:17:39,190 --> 02:17:37,359
an observer but you know

3470
02:17:41,270 --> 02:17:39,200
as recently as two weeks ago i'm up

3471
02:17:43,349 --> 02:17:41,280
flying with my wife right and our flight

3472
02:17:44,790 --> 02:17:43,359
instructor who flies

3473
02:17:46,709 --> 02:17:44,800
constantly a bunch of different things

3474
02:17:48,150 --> 02:17:46,719
has been doing it for decades he has at

3475
02:17:50,709 --> 02:17:48,160
least as experienced and he knows who's

3476
02:17:52,709 --> 02:17:50,719
been a navy or air force pilots right

3477
02:17:54,549 --> 02:17:52,719
uh he and i are trying to figure out

3478
02:17:56,389 --> 02:17:54,559
what is something during the daytime

3479
02:17:58,469 --> 02:17:56,399
what a craft is a helicopter or a plane

3480
02:18:00,230 --> 02:17:58,479
of what kind that can't be more than a

3481
02:18:03,429 --> 02:18:00,240
mile or two away from us

3482
02:18:04,469 --> 02:18:03,439
in the open sky on a nice day my wife's

3483
02:18:06,950 --> 02:18:04,479
able to pick the thing out because she

3484
02:18:09,190 --> 02:18:06,960
got eagle-eyes right but he's the

3485
02:18:10,469 --> 02:18:09,200
trained absorber for that and so am i

3486
02:18:12,950 --> 02:18:10,479
just out of that particular type of

3487
02:18:15,429 --> 02:18:12,960
device and we couldn't tell

3488
02:18:17,110 --> 02:18:15,439
so now i'm flying a fighter craft in the

3489
02:18:19,349 --> 02:18:17,120
middle of the night in the ocean dire

3490
02:18:21,509 --> 02:18:19,359
drill trying to find something that is

3491
02:18:23,750 --> 02:18:21,519
not acting normally and not by an

3492
02:18:25,270 --> 02:18:23,760
airport it's hard to pull things off

3493
02:18:27,270 --> 02:18:25,280
like how long it is or what kind of

3494
02:18:29,270 --> 02:18:27,280
angle think it turned at these are not

3495
02:18:30,709 --> 02:18:29,280
easy observations i think

3496
02:18:31,990 --> 02:18:30,719
people tend to forget sometimes that

3497
02:18:33,830 --> 02:18:32,000
just because someone's a fighter pilot

3498
02:18:35,830 --> 02:18:33,840
or a radar operator you know i've been

3499
02:18:38,070 --> 02:18:35,840
in the military we had ford absorbers

3500
02:18:39,589 --> 02:18:38,080
they made bad cars all the time it's

3501
02:18:41,589 --> 02:18:39,599
easy to make a mistake out though so we

3502
02:18:43,509 --> 02:18:41,599
don't want to take these as ironclad at

3503
02:18:45,190 --> 02:18:43,519
the same time you know never even a

3504
02:18:46,309 --> 02:18:45,200
discussion dishonesty that shouldn't be

3505
02:18:47,589 --> 02:18:46,319
there

3506
02:18:49,110 --> 02:18:47,599
technically it should because you always

3507
02:18:50,870 --> 02:18:49,120
want to consider the possibility but

3508
02:18:53,509 --> 02:18:50,880
these are people who are experts at

3509
02:18:55,589 --> 02:18:53,519
their field making calls but they're

3510
02:18:57,309 --> 02:18:55,599
just like avi loeb or me we can be wrong

3511
02:18:59,509 --> 02:18:57,319
about [\h__\h] all that

3512
02:19:02,230 --> 02:18:59,519
success all the time

3513
02:19:04,150 --> 02:19:02,240
you know and we all right i don't know

3514
02:19:05,429 --> 02:19:04,160
if i'm wrong about this i probably am i

3515
02:19:07,509 --> 02:19:05,439
don't have a pet theory for what these

3516
02:19:09,750 --> 02:19:07,519
things actually works i don't know

3517
02:19:11,110 --> 02:19:09,760
but we have to keep mine in these

3518
02:19:13,030 --> 02:19:11,120
observations

3519
02:19:14,709 --> 02:19:13,040
that we are saying you know this could

3520
02:19:17,190 --> 02:19:14,719
be or couldn't be have to be taking the

3521
02:19:19,110 --> 02:19:17,200
context that we probably have errors in

3522
02:19:21,910 --> 02:19:19,120
what we have reported to us

3523
02:19:23,830 --> 02:19:21,920
at best we have a hazy view

3524
02:19:25,990 --> 02:19:23,840
and that might be a hazy view of ufos it

3525
02:19:27,830 --> 02:19:26,000
really could be but we can't i can't

3526
02:19:30,549 --> 02:19:27,840
tell you what this could be if it was a

3527
02:19:32,230 --> 02:19:30,559
ufo beyond certain basic things because

3528
02:19:34,629 --> 02:19:32,240
i don't know what the real details are

3529
02:19:36,070 --> 02:19:34,639
at war right it drops that fast and we

3530
02:19:37,910 --> 02:19:36,080
say that's an object re-entry or

3531
02:19:40,870 --> 02:19:37,920
entering surprises re-entering the

3532
02:19:42,469 --> 02:19:40,880
atmosphere at normal speed for meteorite

3533
02:19:44,469 --> 02:19:42,479
and if nothing slowing down that might

3534
02:19:45,830 --> 02:19:44,479
be what that looked like what could look

3535
02:19:47,429 --> 02:19:45,840
like that i don't know was an

3536
02:19:49,429 --> 02:19:47,439
anti-satellite getting blown up well we

3537
02:19:51,270 --> 02:19:49,439
can't admit to that now because we blew

3538
02:19:54,309 --> 02:19:51,280
up somebody else's satellite right right

3539
02:19:57,990 --> 02:19:54,319
how's it coming now now when we uh we

3540
02:20:00,630 --> 02:19:58,000
add the other for me i'm still

3541
02:20:03,670 --> 02:20:00,640
trying to figure this out i i

3542
02:20:06,550 --> 02:20:03,680
just don't know but this is

3543
02:20:08,389 --> 02:20:06,560
the next stage of and as a physicist i

3544
02:20:11,429 --> 02:20:08,399
want you to uh

3545
02:20:13,910 --> 02:20:11,439
contemplate this so the object 80 000

3546
02:20:16,630 --> 02:20:13,920
feet down to sea level they they

3547
02:20:17,990 --> 02:20:16,640
launched some planes off of the nimitz

3548
02:20:21,510 --> 02:20:18,000
and uh

3549
02:20:24,550 --> 02:20:21,520
and david fravor and his wing person

3550
02:20:28,070 --> 02:20:24,560
wing lady uh alex dietrich

3551
02:20:30,950 --> 02:20:28,080
um so they head out they observe they

3552
02:20:33,030 --> 02:20:30,960
get to the the cap point they see the

3553
02:20:35,670 --> 02:20:33,040
tic tac uh

3554
02:20:38,309 --> 02:20:35,680
bubbling water above the ocean floor

3555
02:20:39,750 --> 02:20:38,319
they're circling now right and they're

3556
02:20:43,429 --> 02:20:39,760
looking at it

3557
02:20:46,150 --> 02:20:43,439
as he's circling and he goes to

3558
02:20:49,030 --> 02:20:46,160
drop down in altitude and take a closer

3559
02:20:51,030 --> 02:20:49,040
look it comes out of park mode

3560
02:20:54,389 --> 02:20:51,040
comes up and is

3561
02:20:57,270 --> 02:20:54,399
following him in this corkscrew it's not

3562
02:21:00,150 --> 02:20:57,280
sitting anymore it's not a meteorite

3563
02:21:01,510 --> 02:21:00,160
that's fallen out of the sky or whatever

3564
02:21:02,790 --> 02:21:01,520
it is now

3565
02:21:05,910 --> 02:21:02,800
flying

3566
02:21:07,590 --> 02:21:05,920
and he describes it as uh you know the

3567
02:21:11,030 --> 02:21:07,600
40-foot tic-tac

3568
02:21:11,950 --> 02:21:11,040
no wings no gas no propulsion

3569
02:21:15,110 --> 02:21:11,960
no

3570
02:21:16,389 --> 02:21:15,120
protrusions basically a tic tac

3571
02:21:18,950 --> 02:21:16,399
um

3572
02:21:21,270 --> 02:21:18,960
smooth and white it's following him he

3573
02:21:24,630 --> 02:21:21,280
then attempts to cut it off right the

3574
02:21:27,030 --> 02:21:24,640
corkscrew uh cut it off it stops he's

3575
02:21:29,190 --> 02:21:27,040
looking at it he's flying and then he

3576
02:21:32,950 --> 02:21:29,200
says

3577
02:21:35,750 --> 02:21:32,960
it flies away and in a split second it's

3578
02:21:39,190 --> 02:21:35,760
gone and disappears in a straight line

3579
02:21:41,590 --> 02:21:39,200
off now as a physicist

3580
02:21:43,750 --> 02:21:41,600
how how do you start to digest something

3581
02:21:46,230 --> 02:21:43,760
like that this is combined with the

3582
02:21:46,950 --> 02:21:46,240
radar data and the other observations

3583
02:21:51,270 --> 02:21:46,960
and

3584
02:21:55,429 --> 02:21:51,280
looking at what do they call them the

3585
02:21:57,910 --> 02:21:55,439
eyes you know the big eyes um so it was

3586
02:21:59,910 --> 02:21:57,920
electronically observed it was visually

3587
02:22:01,750 --> 02:21:59,920
observed and also

3588
02:22:04,870 --> 02:22:01,760
uh the two pilots out there alex

3589
02:22:09,670 --> 02:22:04,880
dietrich his wing person

3590
02:22:11,429 --> 02:22:09,680
recounts the same uh the same testimony

3591
02:22:12,870 --> 02:22:11,439
well if we're assuming that it was

3592
02:22:15,270 --> 02:22:12,880
actually an object doing these real

3593
02:22:16,710 --> 02:22:15,280
maneuvers that it wasn't any kind of you

3594
02:22:18,150 --> 02:22:16,720
know there are a lot of options that are

3595
02:22:19,910 --> 02:22:18,160
still on the table we'll skip those for

3596
02:22:21,590 --> 02:22:19,920
now right we all know how that could

3597
02:22:24,070 --> 02:22:21,600
have been a weather balloon or a wheeled

3598
02:22:26,309 --> 02:22:24,080
signal or aor data right let's say it's

3599
02:22:28,230 --> 02:22:26,319
the real object and it did this it was

3600
02:22:30,710 --> 02:22:28,240
able to come to a halt from coming in at

3601
02:22:32,950 --> 02:22:30,720
inter planetary speeds it was able to

3602
02:22:34,309 --> 02:22:32,960
come to halt very quickly right we don't

3603
02:22:35,349 --> 02:22:34,319
know exactly what rate that deceleration

3604
02:22:37,190 --> 02:22:35,359
would have been at because we basically

3605
02:22:38,070 --> 02:22:37,200
just know at this point that it slowed

3606
02:22:40,150 --> 02:22:38,080
down

3607
02:22:41,349 --> 02:22:40,160
to stop that quickly but not what the

3608
02:22:43,910 --> 02:22:41,359
rate of acceleration would be but it'd

3609
02:22:45,990 --> 02:22:43,920
be very fast nothing organic is alive in

3610
02:22:48,070 --> 02:22:46,000
that thing right nothing classically

3611
02:22:50,389 --> 02:22:48,080
organic anyway but it could be a robot

3612
02:22:52,230 --> 02:22:50,399
obviously enough right right right on

3613
02:22:54,309 --> 02:22:52,240
that right so the the fact that it's

3614
02:22:56,230 --> 02:22:54,319
making these weird maneuvers all that

3615
02:22:57,750 --> 02:22:56,240
requires is the kind of power system

3616
02:22:59,830 --> 02:22:57,760
that we'd actually expecting a spaceship

3617
02:23:02,230 --> 02:22:59,840
to have anyway to get to interstellar

3618
02:23:04,469 --> 02:23:02,240
cruising velocity means you need a lot

3619
02:23:05,830 --> 02:23:04,479
of energy the ability to actually power

3620
02:23:07,429 --> 02:23:05,840
up that quickly that's a little bit

3621
02:23:09,030 --> 02:23:07,439
different of a story because it means a

3622
02:23:11,910 --> 02:23:09,040
lot of energy and a lot of good

3623
02:23:13,750 --> 02:23:11,920
engineering right but doable right at

3624
02:23:15,910 --> 02:23:13,760
that point the rest of it that's that's

3625
02:23:17,910 --> 02:23:15,920
minimal that's chasing after him why is

3626
02:23:19,190 --> 02:23:17,920
it doing that i have no idea that seems

3627
02:23:21,510 --> 02:23:19,200
really stupid

3628
02:23:22,790 --> 02:23:21,520
it could be someone's homing missile we

3629
02:23:25,349 --> 02:23:22,800
could probably build something that

3630
02:23:26,469 --> 02:23:25,359
could act like that for a few seconds

3631
02:23:28,950 --> 02:23:26,479
you know we

3632
02:23:30,550 --> 02:23:28,960
all rockets have a burn time that's

3633
02:23:34,309 --> 02:23:30,560
basically how long they can levitate in

3634
02:23:36,309 --> 02:23:34,319
the air at 1g uh you know it's usually a

3635
02:23:38,309 --> 02:23:36,319
couple minutes you know three or four

3636
02:23:41,030 --> 02:23:38,319
minutes good rocket fuel those are good

3637
02:23:42,550 --> 02:23:41,040
rockets right um it could potentially do

3638
02:23:44,389 --> 02:23:42,560
a maneuver like that we could maybe

3639
02:23:45,910 --> 02:23:44,399
build something that could do that

3640
02:23:48,150 --> 02:23:45,920
i'd have to run the numbers but a

3641
02:23:49,670 --> 02:23:48,160
spaceship from little style civilization

3642
02:23:50,790 --> 02:23:49,680
anybody who's just not using regular

3643
02:23:52,630 --> 02:23:50,800
chemistry they've got a good power

3644
02:23:54,070 --> 02:23:52,640
supply yeah they could do it potentially

3645
02:23:55,910 --> 02:23:54,080
something with bean power could do it

3646
02:23:57,910 --> 02:23:55,920
right right what about the rest of the

3647
02:24:00,150 --> 02:23:57,920
menu at that point then the question

3648
02:24:02,870 --> 02:24:00,160
becomes what was it doing when they

3649
02:24:04,150 --> 02:24:02,880
interrupted it and why was it chasing

3650
02:24:06,630 --> 02:24:04,160
him around

3651
02:24:08,550 --> 02:24:06,640
yes yes all of these are just

3652
02:24:10,389 --> 02:24:08,560
fascinating questions

3653
02:24:12,230 --> 02:24:10,399
each one of them i mean i you know

3654
02:24:13,670 --> 02:24:12,240
granted to you to get there you have to

3655
02:24:15,750 --> 02:24:13,680
first assume that it's an official

3656
02:24:17,270 --> 02:24:15,760
object an alien not necessarily the area

3657
02:24:19,510 --> 02:24:17,280
it could be some other countries but

3658
02:24:20,710 --> 02:24:19,520
you're now saying what was it doing and

3659
02:24:22,950 --> 02:24:20,720
that's an interesting question all by

3660
02:24:25,110 --> 02:24:22,960
itself because now we have to figure out

3661
02:24:27,190 --> 02:24:25,120
why why is it staring at the ocean was

3662
02:24:30,389 --> 02:24:27,200
it steering a submarine

3663
02:24:32,230 --> 02:24:30,399
or was it sucking water out of the ocean

3664
02:24:33,830 --> 02:24:32,240
nobody wants water from ocean i mean

3665
02:24:35,750 --> 02:24:33,840
maybe that's a great way to sample for

3666
02:24:37,830 --> 02:24:35,760
dna but water's

3667
02:24:39,990 --> 02:24:37,840
so plentiful it's it's not even the best

3668
02:24:42,630 --> 02:24:40,000
place in the solar system to get water

3669
02:24:45,190 --> 02:24:42,640
you know i know i know um i was just

3670
02:24:48,070 --> 02:24:45,200
thinking it was a hydrogen uh fueled

3671
02:24:51,910 --> 02:24:48,080
vehicle you know from uh general motors

3672
02:24:53,990 --> 02:24:51,920
but here okay so um i'm glad you you

3673
02:24:57,590 --> 02:24:54,000
laugh at my science jokes

3674
02:24:59,110 --> 02:24:57,600
um but are we talking about now

3675
02:25:01,349 --> 02:24:59,120
um

3676
02:25:03,510 --> 02:25:01,359
from a physics standpoint are we talking

3677
02:25:06,389 --> 02:25:03,520
about gravity

3678
02:25:08,070 --> 02:25:06,399
uh some type of anti-gravity propulsion

3679
02:25:11,349 --> 02:25:08,080
system that we just don't understand yet

3680
02:25:13,349 --> 02:25:11,359
that is not in our world of physics

3681
02:25:15,349 --> 02:25:13,359
yeah i mean you can say that it could be

3682
02:25:17,429 --> 02:25:15,359
but that doesn't it's not required from

3683
02:25:19,030 --> 02:25:17,439
what's being described and mind you i'd

3684
02:25:20,870 --> 02:25:19,040
have to really dig into what the the

3685
02:25:22,150 --> 02:25:20,880
flighted trajectory was to be able to

3686
02:25:24,230 --> 02:25:22,160
calculate out with the torrens on it

3687
02:25:26,070 --> 02:25:24,240
wall and things like that but you know

3688
02:25:28,710 --> 02:25:26,080
right now we know that it's doing an

3689
02:25:31,190 --> 02:25:28,720
acceleration rate that would

3690
02:25:32,309 --> 02:25:31,200
probably kill a pilot right even though

3691
02:25:33,990 --> 02:25:32,319
i won't be you know it was it was

3692
02:25:35,510 --> 02:25:34,000
organic it could be an alien race that

3693
02:25:36,950 --> 02:25:35,520
just handles g's better than us though

3694
02:25:38,550 --> 02:25:36,960
too it could be that just hannah twice

3695
02:25:41,110 --> 02:25:38,560
me jesus you know it's not that big a

3696
02:25:42,710 --> 02:25:41,120
job is that it could be post biological

3697
02:25:45,429 --> 02:25:42,720
or could just be a remote drone probe

3698
02:25:47,190 --> 02:25:45,439
like we have yes certainly certainly um

3699
02:25:50,469 --> 02:25:47,200
now that doesn't require a gravity drive

3700
02:25:52,389 --> 02:25:50,479
but it will sure help and yeah

3701
02:25:54,630 --> 02:25:52,399
okay this is let your

3702
02:25:56,389 --> 02:25:54,640
let your mind go for a second is it

3703
02:25:59,670 --> 02:25:56,399
possible

3704
02:26:00,469 --> 02:25:59,680
to have some type of gravity i don't

3705
02:26:02,389 --> 02:26:00,479
know

3706
02:26:04,550 --> 02:26:02,399
i may be choosing the wrong words a

3707
02:26:07,830 --> 02:26:04,560
bubble around the craft

3708
02:26:09,910 --> 02:26:07,840
where g-forces on the inside

3709
02:26:13,429 --> 02:26:09,920
simply don't matter you could take a

3710
02:26:16,630 --> 02:26:13,439
right turn at 80 000 miles per hour and

3711
02:26:19,270 --> 02:26:16,640
and you and i could survive is that is

3712
02:26:20,550 --> 02:26:19,280
that a possible namesake isaac asimov

3713
02:26:22,070 --> 02:26:20,560
when he finally got around to writing

3714
02:26:24,389 --> 02:26:22,080
the fourth book of the foundation

3715
02:26:26,389 --> 02:26:24,399
trilogy gave him a gravitic engine for

3716
02:26:28,870 --> 02:26:26,399
ship because it lets them do inertialis

3717
02:26:31,349 --> 02:26:28,880
so you know a nurseless acceleration too

3718
02:26:33,670 --> 02:26:31,359
right if you have a gravity drive it's

3719
02:26:35,510 --> 02:26:33,680
very likely that you would ask me to

3720
02:26:37,429 --> 02:26:35,520
have the kind of inertial damping as you

3721
02:26:38,950 --> 02:26:37,439
see in the star trek ships for why they

3722
02:26:40,550 --> 02:26:38,960
don't give them so smeared across the

3723
02:26:42,070 --> 02:26:40,560
front of the ship every time they turn

3724
02:26:44,150 --> 02:26:42,080
their engines on even to do basic

3725
02:26:45,590 --> 02:26:44,160
maneuvers um

3726
02:26:47,030 --> 02:26:45,600
if it got if it's got that kind of

3727
02:26:48,389 --> 02:26:47,040
driving yeah they could do with a with

3728
02:26:49,910 --> 02:26:48,399
organic pilot

3729
02:26:52,230 --> 02:26:49,920
i i don't think that's you know again we

3730
02:26:54,070 --> 02:26:52,240
don't know what the alien organic makeup

3731
02:26:55,670 --> 02:26:54,080
would be if it's organic so it doesn't

3732
02:26:58,230 --> 02:26:55,680
really matter because it could be a

3733
02:26:59,670 --> 02:26:58,240
robot but uh yeah if you've got a

3734
02:27:00,950 --> 02:26:59,680
gravity drive there's a good chance you

3735
02:27:02,630 --> 02:27:00,960
can do some tricks with the nordstrom

3736
02:27:04,150 --> 02:27:02,640
acceleration that would

3737
02:27:07,670 --> 02:27:04,160
let you survive some impressive

3738
02:27:08,550 --> 02:27:07,680
maneuvers now let's suppose

3739
02:27:09,990 --> 02:27:08,560
uh

3740
02:27:11,830 --> 02:27:10,000
a couple of things a good way to save

3741
02:27:14,309 --> 02:27:11,840
fuel too if you can change your natural

3742
02:27:15,830 --> 02:27:14,319
mass during an acceleration sky switch

3743
02:27:16,870 --> 02:27:15,840
it back and forth

3744
02:27:19,349 --> 02:27:16,880
absolutely

3745
02:27:21,670 --> 02:27:19,359
slow down right and and and fake out

3746
02:27:22,870 --> 02:27:21,680
known physics fake out new tony in

3747
02:27:24,790 --> 02:27:22,880
physics

3748
02:27:26,550 --> 02:27:24,800
well yeah yeah if you can play and again

3749
02:27:28,469 --> 02:27:26,560
quantum gravity might give options for

3750
02:27:31,190 --> 02:27:28,479
things like this i would not be

3751
02:27:32,550 --> 02:27:31,200
you know to me a anti-gravity drive or

3752
02:27:35,030 --> 02:27:32,560
you know artificial gravity is not in

3753
02:27:36,550 --> 02:27:35,040
that realm of fast night travel or

3754
02:27:38,550 --> 02:27:36,560
perpetual motion machine where it breaks

3755
02:27:40,070 --> 02:27:38,560
any rules there's no rules that are

3756
02:27:41,990 --> 02:27:40,080
being broken by that we don't have a

3757
02:27:44,070 --> 02:27:42,000
clear pathway to getting that

3758
02:27:45,670 --> 02:27:44,080
uh but there's nothing to me that

3759
02:27:48,070 --> 02:27:45,680
violates who it was about artificially

3760
02:27:49,190 --> 02:27:48,080
produce gravity and nor is there

3761
02:27:50,469 --> 02:27:49,200
anything that would say that you

3762
02:27:51,990 --> 02:27:50,479
couldn't play around with the higgs

3763
02:27:54,550 --> 02:27:52,000
bosons to

3764
02:27:56,950 --> 02:27:54,560
change an object's inertial mass which

3765
02:27:59,110 --> 02:27:56,960
would let you very quickly change speed

3766
02:28:01,990 --> 02:27:59,120
without having to change energy

3767
02:28:04,150 --> 02:28:02,000
because momentum is mass times velocity

3768
02:28:05,670 --> 02:28:04,160
if you say drop your inertia mass by to

3769
02:28:07,910 --> 02:28:05,680
a tenth of what normally is your

3770
02:28:09,190 --> 02:28:07,920
velocity should kick up to ten times as

3771
02:28:09,910 --> 02:28:09,200
much

3772
02:28:15,110 --> 02:28:09,920
uh

3773
02:28:18,710 --> 02:28:15,120
now we have three reports

3774
02:28:21,030 --> 02:28:18,720
on uaps and ufos that

3775
02:28:23,110 --> 02:28:21,040
are to be presented to the senate

3776
02:28:25,990 --> 02:28:23,120
intelligence committee this year

3777
02:28:28,469 --> 02:28:26,000
two that will be public every six months

3778
02:28:31,070 --> 02:28:28,479
right so one in june and one

3779
02:28:33,510 --> 02:28:31,080
um at the end of december and then one

3780
02:28:35,110 --> 02:28:33,520
classified version of the report in

3781
02:28:36,790 --> 02:28:35,120
december and that only

3782
02:28:38,550 --> 02:28:36,800
uh goes to the senate intelligence

3783
02:28:41,190 --> 02:28:38,560
committee

3784
02:28:44,309 --> 02:28:41,200
would it surprise you

3785
02:28:45,070 --> 02:28:44,319
to have mention of

3786
02:28:47,590 --> 02:28:45,080
an

3787
02:28:49,270 --> 02:28:47,600
extraterrestrial possibility in one of

3788
02:28:51,270 --> 02:28:49,280
these reports

3789
02:28:53,270 --> 02:28:51,280
uh no i would i would take for given

3790
02:28:54,710 --> 02:28:53,280
they would include that possibility no

3791
02:28:56,469 --> 02:28:54,720
one's going to take the report seriously

3792
02:28:58,070 --> 02:28:56,479
if it doesn't include that the the

3793
02:28:59,910 --> 02:28:58,080
people are willing to hear them talk

3794
02:29:00,790 --> 02:28:59,920
about the ufo option if it skips that

3795
02:29:02,710 --> 02:29:00,800
they're going to say oh they just

3796
02:29:04,550 --> 02:29:02,720
skipped it again and you can be a

3797
02:29:06,790 --> 02:29:04,560
hardcore skeptic like myself or a

3798
02:29:08,469 --> 02:29:06,800
complete believer and be still not going

3799
02:29:10,550 --> 02:29:08,479
to take a government report discussing

3800
02:29:12,790 --> 02:29:10,560
these anomalies seriously if it doesn't

3801
02:29:15,590 --> 02:29:12,800
have a chapter that discusses

3802
02:29:17,270 --> 02:29:15,600
this might be aliens why or why not they

3803
02:29:19,270 --> 02:29:17,280
can't just skip that that has to be

3804
02:29:21,110 --> 02:29:19,280
discussed they might discuss it the way

3805
02:29:23,590 --> 02:29:21,120
i would discuss it as probably not for

3806
02:29:25,349 --> 02:29:23,600
these reasons or they might say we think

3807
02:29:27,910 --> 02:29:25,359
it is i don't know that one's hard to

3808
02:29:29,590 --> 02:29:27,920
predict but um you know i would guess

3809
02:29:31,349 --> 02:29:29,600
they're probably gonna leave it as

3810
02:29:33,590 --> 02:29:31,359
question mark

3811
02:29:35,190 --> 02:29:33,600
do you okay and and one last question

3812
02:29:37,590 --> 02:29:35,200
you're gonna stay for overtime by the

3813
02:29:42,469 --> 02:29:37,600
way because i saw you go and get another

3814
02:29:43,990 --> 02:29:42,479
cup of coffee i saw you do that um so uh

3815
02:29:46,070 --> 02:29:44,000
we'll have some fun in overtime but i

3816
02:29:49,990 --> 02:29:46,080
wanted to ask you this is

3817
02:29:51,990 --> 02:29:50,000
you have uh done many shows and discuss

3818
02:29:55,349 --> 02:29:52,000
von neumann probes

3819
02:29:58,070 --> 02:29:55,359
is this is that could this be an example

3820
02:30:01,110 --> 02:29:58,080
of that it's been speculated it's been

3821
02:30:02,469 --> 02:30:01,120
talked about you've absolutely discussed

3822
02:30:05,590 --> 02:30:02,479
this uh

3823
02:30:08,150 --> 02:30:05,600
so much could this be

3824
02:30:11,190 --> 02:30:08,160
that actually coming to life and

3825
02:30:15,120 --> 02:30:11,200
becoming reality for us

3826
02:30:20,630 --> 02:30:19,030
[Laughter]

3827
02:30:22,309 --> 02:30:20,640
okay i would say that this this comes

3828
02:30:24,790 --> 02:30:22,319
down the idea that that the key thing

3829
02:30:26,389 --> 02:30:24,800
about a proper von neuen probe is it

3830
02:30:28,230 --> 02:30:26,399
should be dumb

3831
02:30:30,309 --> 02:30:28,240
you want your von neumann poe to be as

3832
02:30:31,670 --> 02:30:30,319
dumb as you can if you're not sending if

3833
02:30:33,510 --> 02:30:31,680
you're sending out a full ai then it's

3834
02:30:35,429 --> 02:30:33,520
not an unmanned von neumann just has to

3835
02:30:37,670 --> 02:30:35,439
be an artificial intelligence that's a

3836
02:30:39,670 --> 02:30:37,680
person buy a different deal uh makeup

3837
02:30:41,030 --> 02:30:39,680
right right your vinyl in probe should

3838
02:30:42,790 --> 02:30:41,040
be dumb

3839
02:30:44,870 --> 02:30:42,800
and that is that is exactly kind of

3840
02:30:46,389 --> 02:30:44,880
behavior you would expect of a probe

3841
02:30:47,990 --> 02:30:46,399
that doesn't really know what it's doing

3842
02:30:49,830 --> 02:30:48,000
very well and says oh look there's

3843
02:30:51,190 --> 02:30:49,840
something interesting i have really

3844
02:30:53,110 --> 02:30:51,200
powerful engines i'm going to take a

3845
02:30:55,990 --> 02:30:53,120
look at that fleet hey someone's chasing

3846
02:30:57,670 --> 02:30:56,000
after me i'll chase after it

3847
02:31:02,389 --> 02:30:57,680
yes that is exactly the sort of behavior

3848
02:31:06,950 --> 02:31:05,670
and uh i've just got 60 seconds

3849
02:31:09,270 --> 02:31:06,960
um

3850
02:31:10,630 --> 02:31:09,280
wouldn't we expect

3851
02:31:13,590 --> 02:31:10,640
many more

3852
02:31:16,469 --> 02:31:13,600
it wouldn't just be one

3853
02:31:19,190 --> 02:31:16,479
right i mean we would expect

3854
02:31:21,110 --> 02:31:19,200
i don't want to say thousands but

3855
02:31:23,030 --> 02:31:21,120
but that's what the numbers are the

3856
02:31:25,030 --> 02:31:23,040
position requires yeah that's that's the

3857
02:31:26,870 --> 02:31:25,040
key i don't have one knowing pope it's a

3858
02:31:28,309 --> 02:31:26,880
self-replicating probe it's main purpose

3859
02:31:30,230 --> 02:31:28,319
to making the next probe to send out to

3860
02:31:31,990 --> 02:31:30,240
the next solar systems too right but

3861
02:31:33,510 --> 02:31:32,000
once it's there it's making more probes

3862
02:31:35,590 --> 02:31:33,520
and not just one of itself too it's

3863
02:31:37,030 --> 02:31:35,600
gonna be a whole spectrum it is gonna

3864
02:31:38,870 --> 02:31:37,040
factory produce

3865
02:31:40,630 --> 02:31:38,880
all the fun tools it needs to achieve

3866
02:31:42,469 --> 02:31:40,640
whatever its mission is

3867
02:31:44,389 --> 02:31:42,479
and that might be a billion posts well

3868
02:31:45,910 --> 02:31:44,399
we know or it might be one right right

3869
02:31:48,469 --> 02:31:45,920
right right let's take our break right

3870
02:31:50,230 --> 02:31:48,479
here such a fascinating subject this is

3871
02:31:52,150 --> 02:31:50,240
fade to black our guest tonight isaac

3872
02:31:54,469 --> 02:31:52,160
arthur when we come back

3873
02:31:56,950 --> 02:31:54,479
i want to talk e.t

3874
02:31:59,349 --> 02:31:56,960
yeah we're going to talk e.t but i want

3875
02:32:01,830 --> 02:31:59,359
to talk alien races and we will do that

3876
02:32:04,469 --> 02:32:01,840
we'll have some fun with this it's isaac

3877
02:32:06,830 --> 02:32:04,479
arthur science and futurism with isaac

3878
02:32:10,469 --> 02:32:06,840
arthur on youtube is his channel

3879
02:32:12,710 --> 02:32:10,479
684 000 subscribers after tonight is

3880
02:32:14,469 --> 02:32:12,720
going to be at 6 85. you're welcome

3881
02:32:17,150 --> 02:32:14,479
isaac we'll be right back after this

3882
02:32:32,070 --> 02:32:17,160
short break stay with us

3883
02:32:35,670 --> 02:32:34,150
you're listening to jimmy church and

3884
02:32:40,710 --> 02:32:35,680
made to black

3885
02:32:45,910 --> 02:32:43,030
hey what up y'all biblical fox here and

3886
02:32:50,309 --> 02:32:45,920
you are listening to my boy jimmy church

3887
02:32:59,580 --> 02:32:52,870
despite popular opinion

3888
02:33:03,030 --> 02:33:00,870
[Applause]

3889
02:33:05,190 --> 02:33:03,040
this is billy carson founder and ceo of

3890
02:33:07,030 --> 02:33:05,200
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3891
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3905
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3906
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3960
02:36:17,830 --> 02:36:14,960
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3967
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3968
02:36:36,070 --> 02:36:34,319
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3969
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3970
02:36:48,830 --> 02:36:39,280
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3971
02:36:56,710 --> 02:36:52,630
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3972
02:37:00,540 --> 02:36:56,720
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3973
02:37:00,550 --> 02:37:11,750
[Music]

3974
02:37:15,830 --> 02:37:13,510
all right welcome back fade to black i'm

3975
02:37:18,710 --> 02:37:15,840
yours jimmy church

3976
02:37:20,070 --> 02:37:18,720
science and futurism with isaac arthur

3977
02:37:21,429 --> 02:37:20,080
on youtube you've got to go and check

3978
02:37:24,389 --> 02:37:21,439
that out

3979
02:37:25,990 --> 02:37:24,399
we're heading into overtime and we've

3980
02:37:29,270 --> 02:37:26,000
got everything checked off the list

3981
02:37:32,469 --> 02:37:29,280
tonight except for et isaac now i'm

3982
02:37:33,510 --> 02:37:32,479
gonna i want to discuss dna

3983
02:37:36,230 --> 02:37:33,520
uh

3984
02:37:38,230 --> 02:37:36,240
chemistry is chemistry the

3985
02:37:39,830 --> 02:37:38,240
right it's got to be the same chemistry

3986
02:37:41,910 --> 02:37:39,840
in all parts of the universe maybe

3987
02:37:44,150 --> 02:37:41,920
there's elements out there we haven't

3988
02:37:47,190 --> 02:37:44,160
discovered yet but nonetheless

3989
02:37:49,990 --> 02:37:47,200
uh the basics are the basics

3990
02:37:52,950 --> 02:37:50,000
which would suggest to me

3991
02:37:54,469 --> 02:37:52,960
that life is universal and

3992
02:37:58,870 --> 02:37:54,479
dna

3993
02:38:02,630 --> 02:38:01,830
is is is that what we should consider

3994
02:38:05,030 --> 02:38:02,640
here

3995
02:38:06,790 --> 02:38:05,040
is dna this is is dna the same

3996
02:38:09,190 --> 02:38:06,800
everywhere

3997
02:38:10,550 --> 02:38:09,200
well probably not in terms of like what

3998
02:38:12,469 --> 02:38:10,560
we think of it as being the code that

3999
02:38:14,790 --> 02:38:12,479
things keep their life on you know we've

4000
02:38:16,150 --> 02:38:14,800
got rna here and we've we've just it

4001
02:38:18,469 --> 02:38:16,160
might be una

4002
02:38:19,990 --> 02:38:18,479
you've got four amino acids out of the

4003
02:38:21,670 --> 02:38:20,000
20 that we use in our body we use what

4004
02:38:23,270 --> 02:38:21,680
20 in our body four of them are the ones

4005
02:38:25,670 --> 02:38:23,280
we use for dna

4006
02:38:27,030 --> 02:38:25,680
um now and you know another fifth is the

4007
02:38:29,510 --> 02:38:27,040
one for rna

4008
02:38:31,830 --> 02:38:29,520
uh even assuming that life was being

4009
02:38:34,070 --> 02:38:31,840
built on amino acids there are another

4010
02:38:36,630 --> 02:38:34,080
five six hundred identified amino acids

4011
02:38:38,230 --> 02:38:36,640
last i checked and probably some of

4012
02:38:41,110 --> 02:38:38,240
those could be used as part of that core

4013
02:38:42,870 --> 02:38:41,120
20 that life uses and probably some of

4014
02:38:45,270 --> 02:38:42,880
them could be used in the same for the

4015
02:38:48,309 --> 02:38:45,280
dna is so we don't want to be assuming

4016
02:38:50,710 --> 02:38:48,319
those are are the ones everything uses

4017
02:38:51,910 --> 02:38:50,720
even inside the life idea of amino acid

4018
02:38:53,990 --> 02:38:51,920
based life

4019
02:38:55,349 --> 02:38:54,000
um and

4020
02:38:57,349 --> 02:38:55,359
i would say it's probably gonna be a lot

4021
02:38:59,830 --> 02:38:57,359
like the humanoid shape the forms four

4022
02:39:01,590 --> 02:38:59,840
legs it's not gonna be that surprising

4023
02:39:03,110 --> 02:39:01,600
to find things built on amino acids but

4024
02:39:04,309 --> 02:39:03,120
it's probably not gonna be the exclusive

4025
02:39:06,710 --> 02:39:04,319
realm of that

4026
02:39:09,429 --> 02:39:06,720
i i would be surprised if we found that

4027
02:39:11,910 --> 02:39:09,439
dna was the norm i would not be

4028
02:39:14,469 --> 02:39:11,920
surprised we found that it was common

4029
02:39:16,309 --> 02:39:14,479
so the construction of dna the double

4030
02:39:19,349 --> 02:39:16,319
helix yeah

4031
02:39:22,790 --> 02:39:19,359
would be similar

4032
02:39:25,990 --> 02:39:22,800
the amino acids the four that we use

4033
02:39:27,190 --> 02:39:26,000
may not be the same four amino acids

4034
02:39:28,870 --> 02:39:27,200
elsewhere

4035
02:39:30,389 --> 02:39:28,880
yeah okay

4036
02:39:32,150 --> 02:39:30,399
there might be different amino acids it

4037
02:39:34,230 --> 02:39:32,160
might be some overlapping ones you know

4038
02:39:36,389 --> 02:39:34,240
it's really two pairs of two when it

4039
02:39:37,750 --> 02:39:36,399
comes those those four there there's

4040
02:39:39,910 --> 02:39:37,760
there are pairs that work together and

4041
02:39:43,190 --> 02:39:39,920
you got two pairs

4042
02:39:46,630 --> 02:39:43,200
and here on planet earth

4043
02:39:49,910 --> 02:39:46,640
and again i'm not a scientist but those

4044
02:39:52,630 --> 02:39:49,920
same four amino acids and dna

4045
02:39:54,710 --> 02:39:52,640
are the same for all life on earth right

4046
02:39:57,510 --> 02:39:54,720
bananas humans

4047
02:39:59,429 --> 02:39:57,520
yep right everything use them and you

4048
02:40:01,030 --> 02:39:59,439
get that basic system you stick with it

4049
02:40:02,550 --> 02:40:01,040
uh and you know everything being

4050
02:40:05,030 --> 02:40:02,560
descended from that same source but we

4051
02:40:06,870 --> 02:40:05,040
have to remember again there's rna rna i

4052
02:40:08,950 --> 02:40:06,880
can't remember why i cannot think of the

4053
02:40:11,190 --> 02:40:08,960
other one that uses right now but uh

4054
02:40:12,950 --> 02:40:11,200
toulouse

4055
02:40:14,550 --> 02:40:12,960
i'm very bad at pronouncing names all

4056
02:40:16,309 --> 02:40:14,560
things chemical but there's that fifth

4057
02:40:18,389 --> 02:40:16,319
amino acid that's used in rna in the

4058
02:40:21,110 --> 02:40:18,399
place of the t and the u interchangeable

4059
02:40:22,150 --> 02:40:21,120
there that's right right there's a u for

4060
02:40:23,030 --> 02:40:22,160
rna

4061
02:40:24,950 --> 02:40:23,040
um

4062
02:40:26,790 --> 02:40:24,960
and so maybe there's some different ones

4063
02:40:28,630 --> 02:40:26,800
that they'll pair up again i wouldn't

4064
02:40:30,230 --> 02:40:28,640
expect to be uncommon but here on we

4065
02:40:31,349 --> 02:40:30,240
can't even be sure that on earth we

4066
02:40:34,710 --> 02:40:31,359
haven't seen something inside so if

4067
02:40:37,190 --> 02:40:34,720
you've got rna and dna maybe there was a

4068
02:40:38,630 --> 02:40:37,200
a gna at some point in time too you know

4069
02:40:40,790 --> 02:40:38,640
there might have been something that was

4070
02:40:42,469 --> 02:40:40,800
kicking around for billions of years

4071
02:40:44,070 --> 02:40:42,479
even on this planet but probably you

4072
02:40:45,510 --> 02:40:44,080
know just a short period of time that

4073
02:40:46,950 --> 02:40:45,520
that just died and doesn't show up in

4074
02:40:49,990 --> 02:40:46,960
the fossil record because it never

4075
02:40:51,910 --> 02:40:50,000
really expanded yeah rna fascinates me

4076
02:40:54,870 --> 02:40:51,920
just as much as dna

4077
02:40:56,950 --> 02:40:54,880
in that rna and how nature has worked

4078
02:40:57,830 --> 02:40:56,960
this out that's why i keep thinking that

4079
02:41:00,469 --> 02:40:57,840
there's

4080
02:41:03,030 --> 02:41:00,479
something other intelligence uh involved

4081
02:41:05,269 --> 02:41:03,040
in this process because rna is used for

4082
02:41:07,190 --> 02:41:05,279
the transfer of information

4083
02:41:10,150 --> 02:41:07,200
that's crazy to me how nature has

4084
02:41:11,590 --> 02:41:10,160
figured that out all on its own

4085
02:41:13,670 --> 02:41:11,600
it's you know and again i always see the

4086
02:41:15,110 --> 02:41:13,680
big check mark on that one too because

4087
02:41:16,389 --> 02:41:15,120
when you approach this from the science

4088
02:41:17,750 --> 02:41:16,399
angle you're supposed to begin by

4089
02:41:20,550 --> 02:41:17,760
assumption you're studying natural

4090
02:41:22,309 --> 02:41:20,560
phenomena so your answer one should be

4091
02:41:24,309 --> 02:41:22,319
that it doesn't necessarily have to be

4092
02:41:26,070 --> 02:41:24,319
natural but we'll aiming to get that

4093
02:41:27,349 --> 02:41:26,080
that's our assumption as we go through

4094
02:41:29,110 --> 02:41:27,359
we're gonna be living in a simulation

4095
02:41:30,630 --> 02:41:29,120
this world could be seeded by alien life

4096
02:41:32,070 --> 02:41:30,640
forms this could be a different

4097
02:41:33,429 --> 02:41:32,080
iteration of a plan there's a lot of

4098
02:41:35,590 --> 02:41:33,439
these options

4099
02:41:37,190 --> 02:41:35,600
dismissed right but from the science

4100
02:41:38,870 --> 02:41:37,200
standpoint you have to

4101
02:41:41,110 --> 02:41:38,880
work under the basic assumption that

4102
02:41:43,269 --> 02:41:41,120
either the mediocrity principle is true

4103
02:41:45,110 --> 02:41:43,279
or the anthropic principle is true and

4104
02:41:47,110 --> 02:41:45,120
that being the case you're looking at

4105
02:41:48,309 --> 02:41:47,120
and say these natural events are

4106
02:41:49,750 --> 02:41:48,319
probably natural if i don't know what

4107
02:41:51,830 --> 02:41:49,760
they are if they're natural until i

4108
02:41:54,070 --> 02:41:51,840
prove otherwise so no we don't know for

4109
02:41:56,070 --> 02:41:54,080
sure that there wasn't other types of

4110
02:41:57,830 --> 02:41:56,080
you know that that dna worked entirely

4111
02:41:59,429 --> 02:41:57,840
on its own is a purely natural process

4112
02:42:02,230 --> 02:41:59,439
so that's what's used on other planets

4113
02:42:05,910 --> 02:42:02,240
or there's still so many question marks

4114
02:42:07,590 --> 02:42:05,920
on things like that now uh tardigrades

4115
02:42:09,429 --> 02:42:07,600
same dna as us

4116
02:42:12,309 --> 02:42:09,439
yeah they're freaks too are they yeah

4117
02:42:15,190 --> 02:42:12,319
total total freaks that survive in the

4118
02:42:19,030 --> 02:42:15,200
vacuum of space and and apparently they

4119
02:42:20,790 --> 02:42:19,040
love radiation too as well right

4120
02:42:24,389 --> 02:42:20,800
i mean

4121
02:42:25,910 --> 02:42:24,399
mind-blowing oh so many freaky

4122
02:42:27,670 --> 02:42:25,920
unbelievable life forms that we

4123
02:42:29,910 --> 02:42:27,680
discovered you know i was saying earlier

4124
02:42:31,510 --> 02:42:29,920
that like reading astronomy books that

4125
02:42:33,990 --> 02:42:31,520
were on the library show for the kids

4126
02:42:35,190 --> 02:42:34,000
section between like the 1950s and 80s

4127
02:42:37,830 --> 02:42:35,200
all mixed together and they're just the

4128
02:42:40,150 --> 02:42:37,840
sheer change in that 30-year window and

4129
02:42:41,990 --> 02:42:40,160
it's it's just as bad with extreme files

4130
02:42:43,750 --> 02:42:42,000
and life forms on earth there's stuff

4131
02:42:45,990 --> 02:42:43,760
that you would read from very

4132
02:42:47,830 --> 02:42:46,000
proper exports who were sincere and

4133
02:42:49,910 --> 02:42:47,840
genuine and hard-working scientists who

4134
02:42:51,429 --> 02:42:49,920
would say something like that is just

4135
02:42:53,110 --> 02:42:51,439
impossible

4136
02:42:55,349 --> 02:42:53,120
and then it just comes right by and

4137
02:42:57,030 --> 02:42:55,359
there you go right there it was all

4138
02:42:58,230 --> 02:42:57,040
freaky little thing living in lava or

4139
02:43:00,070 --> 02:42:58,240
something

4140
02:43:02,469 --> 02:43:00,080
right right right and tardigrades are

4141
02:43:06,630 --> 02:43:02,479
cute too in a weird way

4142
02:43:09,590 --> 02:43:06,640
right those are the real as crazy as the

4143
02:43:10,710 --> 02:43:09,600
the most uh insane thing that you could

4144
02:43:12,630 --> 02:43:10,720
think up

4145
02:43:16,790 --> 02:43:12,640
would be the tardigrade

4146
02:43:18,309 --> 02:43:16,800
right and they're real now okay

4147
02:43:21,429 --> 02:43:18,319
panspermia

4148
02:43:25,349 --> 02:43:21,439
and this concept

4149
02:43:28,389 --> 02:43:25,359
as as far-fetched as it probably sounded

4150
02:43:29,750 --> 02:43:28,399
when it was first suggested in the 70s

4151
02:43:31,590 --> 02:43:29,760
um

4152
02:43:33,030 --> 02:43:31,600
meteorites

4153
02:43:35,349 --> 02:43:33,040
have

4154
02:43:37,269 --> 02:43:35,359
crashed to earth

4155
02:43:38,870 --> 02:43:37,279
with

4156
02:43:41,910 --> 02:43:38,880
basic sugars

4157
02:43:42,710 --> 02:43:41,920
that make up rna

4158
02:43:44,469 --> 02:43:42,720
now

4159
02:43:46,630 --> 02:43:44,479
nebula's made out of those basic sugars

4160
02:43:47,590 --> 02:43:46,640
too right right right

4161
02:43:50,389 --> 02:43:47,600
so

4162
02:43:53,590 --> 02:43:50,399
this doesn't really get to be as

4163
02:43:55,590 --> 02:43:53,600
far-fetched and as crazy as as it sounds

4164
02:43:57,030 --> 02:43:55,600
does it it's it's my preferred number

4165
02:43:59,110 --> 02:43:57,040
three although i guess it has to be my

4166
02:44:00,870 --> 02:43:59,120
number four now is it does lifestyle

4167
02:44:02,150 --> 02:44:00,880
around thermal events in deep sea or did

4168
02:44:04,150 --> 02:44:02,160
it start in the title pause or did it

4169
02:44:05,349 --> 02:44:04,160
start in panspermia i guess now what

4170
02:44:07,830 --> 02:44:05,359
they're looking at is to start

4171
02:44:08,790 --> 02:44:07,840
underground in the sofa soil instead and

4172
02:44:11,190 --> 02:44:08,800
that's supposed to be another big

4173
02:44:13,670 --> 02:44:11,200
contender but panspermia is my

4174
02:44:16,389 --> 02:44:13,680
outside chance dark horse but very valid

4175
02:44:19,429 --> 02:44:16,399
canada yeah adult absolutely possible

4176
02:44:22,710 --> 02:44:19,439
and so now if you

4177
02:44:24,950 --> 02:44:22,720
uh staying on this is so funny uh during

4178
02:44:28,230 --> 02:44:24,960
the break i hit isaac i said it's going

4179
02:44:29,269 --> 02:44:28,240
to be dna man we're going alien dna

4180
02:44:30,630 --> 02:44:29,279
um

4181
02:44:33,830 --> 02:44:30,640
uh

4182
02:44:36,230 --> 02:44:33,840
i i read so much about this and i study

4183
02:44:37,750 --> 02:44:36,240
so much about human dna

4184
02:44:38,710 --> 02:44:37,760
uh but uh

4185
02:44:44,710 --> 02:44:38,720
the

4186
02:44:47,510 --> 02:44:44,720
only combine so many different ways it's

4187
02:44:49,510 --> 02:44:47,520
not an infinite amount of combinations

4188
02:44:50,790 --> 02:44:49,520
and but it's a very big number it's a

4189
02:44:52,870 --> 02:44:50,800
big number

4190
02:44:55,670 --> 02:44:52,880
but it's a big universe

4191
02:44:58,230 --> 02:44:55,680
and so the possibility the random

4192
02:45:01,590 --> 02:44:58,240
combinations of things

4193
02:45:03,510 --> 02:45:01,600
has to eventually just repeat almost to

4194
02:45:06,550 --> 02:45:03,520
an infinite amount

4195
02:45:07,910 --> 02:45:06,560
so if we take a look at that if you were

4196
02:45:11,590 --> 02:45:07,920
going to

4197
02:45:13,269 --> 02:45:11,600
uh have a concept of what an alien race

4198
02:45:15,349 --> 02:45:13,279
basically

4199
02:45:18,230 --> 02:45:15,359
would look like

4200
02:45:19,830 --> 02:45:18,240
what do you suggest eight legs

4201
02:45:21,910 --> 02:45:19,840
mushrooms

4202
02:45:24,230 --> 02:45:21,920
flying dinosaurs

4203
02:45:27,990 --> 02:45:24,240
humans you know what what what what is

4204
02:45:31,429 --> 02:45:28,000
an alien to isaac arthur

4205
02:45:33,830 --> 02:45:31,439
a wonderful topic for an episode

4206
02:45:36,389 --> 02:45:33,840
right you know i i i grew up on star

4207
02:45:38,790 --> 02:45:36,399
trek and flash gordon and doctor who to

4208
02:45:40,710 --> 02:45:38,800
me when i mostly picture a typical alien

4209
02:45:43,429 --> 02:45:40,720
i picture either human with some very

4210
02:45:44,469 --> 02:45:43,439
nice prosthetic makeup on or some silly

4211
02:45:46,230 --> 02:45:44,479
creature that looks like something out

4212
02:45:48,389 --> 02:45:46,240
of turn foil and garbage that they threw

4213
02:45:50,309 --> 02:45:48,399
together on the sound set behind on a

4214
02:45:51,590 --> 02:45:50,319
cheap budget you know when it comes to

4215
02:45:53,830 --> 02:45:51,600
what's going to work for an alien

4216
02:45:55,349 --> 02:45:53,840
mechanically anything we see on earth

4217
02:45:56,389 --> 02:45:55,359
has to be considered realistic and we

4218
02:45:58,950 --> 02:45:56,399
got stuff with

4219
02:46:00,070 --> 02:45:58,960
eight legs six legs you know four legs

4220
02:46:01,590 --> 02:46:00,080
and wings

4221
02:46:04,790 --> 02:46:01,600
i don't know how many legs a centipede

4222
02:46:06,070 --> 02:46:04,800
actually has but many uh

4223
02:46:08,710 --> 02:46:06,080
you've got things that don't have

4224
02:46:10,630 --> 02:46:08,720
bilateral symmetry like starfishes you

4225
02:46:12,630 --> 02:46:10,640
know you want an example of alien life

4226
02:46:14,309 --> 02:46:12,640
just look at how deep seas and that's

4227
02:46:17,510 --> 02:46:14,319
keep your mind that those things are

4228
02:46:18,870 --> 02:46:17,520
still probably related to us you know

4229
02:46:21,030 --> 02:46:18,880
jellyfish

4230
02:46:22,710 --> 02:46:21,040
are as alien as you're gonna find on

4231
02:46:25,670 --> 02:46:22,720
this planet so a starfish at the

4232
02:46:27,269 --> 02:46:25,680
macroscopic scale and they are alien you

4233
02:46:29,190 --> 02:46:27,279
got creatures that have donut shaped

4234
02:46:31,030 --> 02:46:29,200
brains that have their brains extended

4235
02:46:32,790 --> 02:46:31,040
out throughout their entire body you

4236
02:46:34,389 --> 02:46:32,800
know that don't have a mouth that don't

4237
02:46:35,830 --> 02:46:34,399
you know bees insects they don't even

4238
02:46:38,550 --> 02:46:35,840
have blood they have hemoglobin

4239
02:46:40,870 --> 02:46:38,560
equivalents instead no lungs

4240
02:46:42,309 --> 02:46:40,880
there are so many weird combinations

4241
02:46:44,150 --> 02:46:42,319
that we get for life

4242
02:46:45,429 --> 02:46:44,160
just on this planet

4243
02:46:47,750 --> 02:46:45,439
that when it comes to what that could be

4244
02:46:50,230 --> 02:46:47,760
put together under an alien sun

4245
02:46:51,990 --> 02:46:50,240
who knows you know

4246
02:46:53,670 --> 02:46:52,000
what differences are there in a planet

4247
02:46:55,429 --> 02:46:53,680
where the gravity is just low enough but

4248
02:46:57,269 --> 02:46:55,439
the atmosphere is thick enough that they

4249
02:46:59,349 --> 02:46:57,279
can get away with sucking in helium from

4250
02:47:01,510 --> 02:46:59,359
the native atmosphere to float around

4251
02:47:03,190 --> 02:47:01,520
now the big gray black you know gas

4252
02:47:05,349 --> 02:47:03,200
blimp creatures that float around the

4253
02:47:07,030 --> 02:47:05,359
surface you could have all sorts of

4254
02:47:08,150 --> 02:47:07,040
weird stuff that goes on those things

4255
02:47:09,750 --> 02:47:08,160
and

4256
02:47:10,870 --> 02:47:09,760
like

4257
02:47:12,309 --> 02:47:10,880
just

4258
02:47:14,630 --> 02:47:12,319
amazing to contemplate some of the

4259
02:47:17,349 --> 02:47:14,640
weirder options but it's it's almost

4260
02:47:19,269 --> 02:47:17,359
exercise and futility because i am

4261
02:47:20,790 --> 02:47:19,279
certain that we do find alien life and i

4262
02:47:22,550 --> 02:47:20,800
i'm not a big fan of the idea that

4263
02:47:24,230 --> 02:47:22,560
they've come to reach us but i do tend

4264
02:47:26,150 --> 02:47:24,240
to think we're going to find it all over

4265
02:47:27,429 --> 02:47:26,160
the place in the galaxy and i think that

4266
02:47:29,590 --> 02:47:27,439
if we find it

4267
02:47:31,269 --> 02:47:29,600
if it's not just basic microorganisms if

4268
02:47:33,510 --> 02:47:31,279
we actually define animal life and

4269
02:47:35,190 --> 02:47:33,520
equivalent it's going to be so much

4270
02:47:37,429 --> 02:47:35,200
weirder than we'd expect it's you know

4271
02:47:40,230 --> 02:47:37,439
reality is always stranger than fiction

4272
02:47:46,070 --> 02:47:42,230
and you can stop me at any point and

4273
02:47:49,750 --> 02:47:46,080
just call me crazy but an octopus

4274
02:47:50,550 --> 02:47:49,760
or a jellyfish right that that's life no

4275
02:47:53,190 --> 02:47:50,560
doubt

4276
02:47:57,830 --> 02:47:53,200
but they're not going to they don't have

4277
02:48:00,630 --> 02:47:57,840
fire they live in water so without fire

4278
02:48:03,910 --> 02:48:00,640
you're not going to progress into an

4279
02:48:05,349 --> 02:48:03,920
industrial age i could be wrong in that

4280
02:48:07,670 --> 02:48:05,359
thought process

4281
02:48:11,269 --> 02:48:07,680
but i don't see

4282
02:48:12,550 --> 02:48:11,279
uh octopuses uh developing interstellar

4283
02:48:14,550 --> 02:48:12,560
craft

4284
02:48:16,870 --> 02:48:14,560
so i mean i have a whole episode just on

4285
02:48:18,389 --> 02:48:16,880
how very nearly impossible that would be

4286
02:48:20,710 --> 02:48:18,399
right okay

4287
02:48:22,150 --> 02:48:20,720
the answer is very nearly impossible you

4288
02:48:24,389 --> 02:48:22,160
can put together some pathways where

4289
02:48:26,309 --> 02:48:24,399
they might be able to do it but it's so

4290
02:48:29,190 --> 02:48:26,319
iffy you gotta remember we had fire for

4291
02:48:30,550 --> 02:48:29,200
a million years before we got around to

4292
02:48:33,030 --> 02:48:30,560
actually inventing pottery or metal

4293
02:48:34,550 --> 02:48:33,040
walking right so you know you're using

4294
02:48:37,429 --> 02:48:34,560
this for this basic purpose of food

4295
02:48:39,510 --> 02:48:37,439
cooking and uh you know warming yourself

4296
02:48:41,190 --> 02:48:39,520
right right uh and you're already in the

4297
02:48:42,550 --> 02:48:41,200
adverse environment people

4298
02:48:44,710 --> 02:48:42,560
generation after generation after

4299
02:48:46,870 --> 02:48:44,720
generation was sitting around the fire

4300
02:48:48,309 --> 02:48:46,880
which you couldn't do in an ocean before

4301
02:48:49,990 --> 02:48:48,319
someone said hey

4302
02:48:51,670 --> 02:48:50,000
maybe we could melt murder with this and

4303
02:48:52,870 --> 02:48:51,680
then make some pottery

4304
02:48:55,190 --> 02:48:52,880
and

4305
02:48:57,349 --> 02:48:55,200
that's a big jump i know how they just

4306
02:48:59,590 --> 02:48:57,359
keep being smarter and smarter as you

4307
02:49:01,830 --> 02:48:59,600
know evolution if if intelligence is

4308
02:49:03,190 --> 02:49:01,840
something that evolution aims for um if

4309
02:49:04,950 --> 02:49:03,200
they just keep being smaller and smaller

4310
02:49:07,110 --> 02:49:04,960
to the point that their their average

4311
02:49:09,670 --> 02:49:07,120
citizen is smaller than einstein they

4312
02:49:11,110 --> 02:49:09,680
might one day go from oh you know we've

4313
02:49:13,110 --> 02:49:11,120
been a civilization for millions of

4314
02:49:15,110 --> 02:49:13,120
years now and it just occurred to us we

4315
02:49:16,389 --> 02:49:15,120
can do technology

4316
02:49:17,990 --> 02:49:16,399
and now we've invented it like that

4317
02:49:19,830 --> 02:49:18,000
because we're all geniuses our bridges

4318
02:49:22,230 --> 02:49:19,840
kept getting bigger and bigger so our

4319
02:49:24,710 --> 02:49:22,240
giant you know squid brains that wander

4320
02:49:26,710 --> 02:49:24,720
out and we go from we've never used fire

4321
02:49:28,790 --> 02:49:26,720
before too how to make an atomic pile or

4322
02:49:31,110 --> 02:49:28,800
that quickly

4323
02:49:33,429 --> 02:49:31,120
it's hard to say but without fire really

4324
02:49:35,429 --> 02:49:33,439
hard to do yeah really hard to do not

4325
02:49:37,349 --> 02:49:35,439
popular wars because think about it if

4326
02:49:39,190 --> 02:49:37,359
the ward's a little less massive

4327
02:49:41,110 --> 02:49:39,200
it's hard to keep an atmosphere if it's

4328
02:49:43,510 --> 02:49:41,120
a little bit more massive it's hard to

4329
02:49:45,830 --> 02:49:43,520
keep land you know because you could you

4330
02:49:48,309 --> 02:49:45,840
retain your hydrogen better that's

4331
02:49:50,389 --> 02:49:48,319
what's what we lose and hydrogen water

4332
02:49:52,469 --> 02:49:50,399
add up to oceans right there's plenty of

4333
02:49:54,070 --> 02:49:52,479
hydrogen you got plenty of water your

4334
02:49:55,429 --> 02:49:54,080
oceans get deeper they're on three

4335
02:49:57,429 --> 02:49:55,439
kilometers deep on average on this

4336
02:50:00,630 --> 02:49:57,439
planet it doesn't take that much more

4337
02:50:02,950 --> 02:50:00,640
water to make the whole planet submerged

4338
02:50:04,309 --> 02:50:02,960
more water more erosion bigger planet

4339
02:50:06,150 --> 02:50:04,319
more spin

4340
02:50:07,510 --> 02:50:06,160
it just wears the land out and there's

4341
02:50:08,790 --> 02:50:07,520
no place to start a file because there's

4342
02:50:10,630 --> 02:50:08,800
no land

4343
02:50:13,590 --> 02:50:10,640
and so

4344
02:50:15,269 --> 02:50:13,600
you would have to have land get out of

4345
02:50:17,269 --> 02:50:15,279
the water

4346
02:50:20,389 --> 02:50:17,279
to develop into

4347
02:50:22,790 --> 02:50:20,399
an industrial situation right okay so

4348
02:50:25,110 --> 02:50:22,800
yeah in that case

4349
02:50:27,510 --> 02:50:25,120
is the best design what do you picture

4350
02:50:30,550 --> 02:50:27,520
bipedal does it have to have two arms

4351
02:50:33,269 --> 02:50:30,560
and two legs and an opposing thumbs

4352
02:50:35,750 --> 02:50:33,279
cheapest design i mean there's some very

4353
02:50:37,429 --> 02:50:35,760
clear advantages to having extra legs

4354
02:50:38,790 --> 02:50:37,439
but those already exist like the insects

4355
02:50:41,110 --> 02:50:38,800
that got all those those are older than

4356
02:50:42,950 --> 02:50:41,120
us so you know the shorter design on

4357
02:50:45,190 --> 02:50:42,960
that cheaper if you want to put big

4358
02:50:46,630 --> 02:50:45,200
muscles and skeletons on

4359
02:50:48,630 --> 02:50:46,640
easier do that you know from an

4360
02:50:51,510 --> 02:50:48,640
evolutionary standpoint you want to live

4361
02:50:53,429 --> 02:50:51,520
on on land you need great big strong

4362
02:50:55,590 --> 02:50:53,439
hips and shoulders you got to have that

4363
02:50:57,110 --> 02:50:55,600
powerful skeleton inside you that's not

4364
02:50:59,269 --> 02:50:57,120
going to get crushed by your own weight

4365
02:51:01,590 --> 02:50:59,279
that's a lot easier to develop

4366
02:51:03,110 --> 02:51:01,600
uh if one thing insects don't have that

4367
02:51:05,190 --> 02:51:03,120
to begin with but you know that bigger

4368
02:51:08,469 --> 02:51:05,200
one easier if you only got four limbs so

4369
02:51:10,469 --> 02:51:08,479
yes i think that the four limb approach

4370
02:51:12,790 --> 02:51:10,479
is probably more common don't know about

4371
02:51:14,550 --> 02:51:12,800
bipedal that was a little iffy but i

4372
02:51:15,910 --> 02:51:14,560
don't say that's gonna be so dominant

4373
02:51:17,590 --> 02:51:15,920
that you wouldn't expect uh right across

4374
02:51:20,150 --> 02:51:17,600
a centaur on some planet you know it's

4375
02:51:21,990 --> 02:51:20,160
got four legs and two homes

4376
02:51:23,590 --> 02:51:22,000
right right right right right right

4377
02:51:26,790 --> 02:51:23,600
right okay

4378
02:51:28,389 --> 02:51:26,800
so now let's take it to the next step

4379
02:51:31,429 --> 02:51:28,399
gravity

4380
02:51:33,510 --> 02:51:31,439
because i and again

4381
02:51:35,190 --> 02:51:33,520
i always have to interject i'm not a

4382
02:51:37,030 --> 02:51:35,200
scientist all right i'm not an

4383
02:51:38,070 --> 02:51:37,040
anthropologist

4384
02:51:40,070 --> 02:51:38,080
but

4385
02:51:41,830 --> 02:51:40,080
more gravity

4386
02:51:45,110 --> 02:51:41,840
shorter

4387
02:51:47,670 --> 02:51:45,120
right less gravity taller

4388
02:51:50,150 --> 02:51:47,680
is that a concept that would

4389
02:51:52,309 --> 02:51:50,160
right and we are six feet tall because

4390
02:51:54,630 --> 02:51:52,319
of our gravity if we had less gravity

4391
02:51:56,950 --> 02:51:54,640
would we be ten feet tall

4392
02:51:59,030 --> 02:51:56,960
dinosaurs were a lot taller than us so a

4393
02:52:00,469 --> 02:51:59,040
mammoth so you need thicker bones to be

4394
02:52:01,349 --> 02:52:00,479
taller you know or they need to get

4395
02:52:03,590 --> 02:52:01,359
hollow

4396
02:52:05,429 --> 02:52:03,600
uh the bigger you want to be the the

4397
02:52:07,030 --> 02:52:05,439
more bone you have to pay for and that

4398
02:52:09,030 --> 02:52:07,040
bone gets expensive to drag around

4399
02:52:11,190 --> 02:52:09,040
everywhere right which means more muscle

4400
02:52:13,590 --> 02:52:11,200
more food to do it the more high the

4401
02:52:16,309 --> 02:52:13,600
gravity is on the planet the more like

4402
02:52:18,469 --> 02:52:16,319
you know more mobile land life animal

4403
02:52:19,510 --> 02:52:18,479
life has to pay extra costs to move

4404
02:52:21,190 --> 02:52:19,520
around

4405
02:52:23,750 --> 02:52:21,200
but it might not really make that much

4406
02:52:25,429 --> 02:52:23,760
of a difference you know i don't think

4407
02:52:27,349 --> 02:52:25,439
because there's a really narrow range of

4408
02:52:28,630 --> 02:52:27,359
actual surface gravity anyway i think

4409
02:52:30,389 --> 02:52:28,640
folks think we come across some kind of

4410
02:52:32,950 --> 02:52:30,399
terrestrial planet where the gravity was

4411
02:52:34,309 --> 02:52:32,960
twice as high now you know to get to

4412
02:52:35,830 --> 02:52:34,319
that with again they have a kind of

4413
02:52:38,070 --> 02:52:35,840
composition like our planet means it's

4414
02:52:40,070 --> 02:52:38,080
eight times as massive as our planet is

4415
02:52:41,910 --> 02:52:40,080
twice as wide right it's hard to get

4416
02:52:44,309 --> 02:52:41,920
that higher surface area you usually be

4417
02:52:46,469 --> 02:52:44,319
talking 25 percent higher would be like

4418
02:52:48,070 --> 02:52:46,479
the high end at which point i i'd be

4419
02:52:49,590 --> 02:52:48,080
very shocked that any land to come out

4420
02:52:50,550 --> 02:52:49,600
on top of required the big bone

4421
02:52:53,429 --> 02:52:50,560
structure

4422
02:52:54,630 --> 02:52:53,439
and 25 higher gravity is that gonna make

4423
02:52:57,830 --> 02:52:54,640
shorter people

4424
02:53:00,230 --> 02:52:57,840
i mean they'll make more muscular ones

4425
02:53:01,990 --> 02:53:00,240
they're gonna be more slabby you know

4426
02:53:03,590 --> 02:53:02,000
they gotta be beefed up

4427
02:53:04,870 --> 02:53:03,600
but uh i don't know that they're

4428
02:53:06,550 --> 02:53:04,880
necessarily be

4429
02:53:08,870 --> 02:53:06,560
skinnier or unfrailer on other plants

4430
02:53:10,710 --> 02:53:08,880
than lighter gravity either but yeah and

4431
02:53:12,710 --> 02:53:10,720
the basic trope from sci-fi about you

4432
02:53:15,190 --> 02:53:12,720
know higher gravity shorter more

4433
02:53:17,670 --> 02:53:15,200
muscular lower gravity tall and skinny

4434
02:53:19,190 --> 02:53:17,680
that's decently plausible but i think

4435
02:53:20,389 --> 02:53:19,200
it's exaggerated what the effect would

4436
02:53:21,670 --> 02:53:20,399
really be

4437
02:53:24,550 --> 02:53:21,680
so

4438
02:53:27,590 --> 02:53:24,560
if uh et shows up

4439
02:53:30,070 --> 02:53:27,600
and you and i uh

4440
02:53:32,150 --> 02:53:30,080
get beamed up in a blue beam

4441
02:53:35,269 --> 02:53:32,160
right and we go and visit them

4442
02:53:38,790 --> 02:53:35,279
it you would expect

4443
02:53:41,910 --> 02:53:38,800
six foot tall average build right there

4444
02:53:43,429 --> 02:53:41,920
wouldn't be extremes is what i'm saying

4445
02:53:45,429 --> 02:53:43,439
i don't think we'd expect to see an

4446
02:53:47,830 --> 02:53:45,439
intelligent life form that was

4447
02:53:50,230 --> 02:53:47,840
biological and origin i mean like all

4448
02:53:52,710 --> 02:53:50,240
biology all chemistry that was

4449
02:53:54,150 --> 02:53:52,720
significantly smaller than a human

4450
02:53:55,990 --> 02:53:54,160
they might be half a height mind you

4451
02:53:57,110 --> 02:53:56,000
just you know significantly smaller you

4452
02:53:59,269 --> 02:53:57,120
start talking about an intelligent

4453
02:54:00,710 --> 02:53:59,279
creature that's the size of a mouse

4454
02:54:02,230 --> 02:54:00,720
they're using something else for their

4455
02:54:03,670 --> 02:54:02,240
brain at that point in time which is

4456
02:54:04,870 --> 02:54:03,680
possible we don't necessarily know that

4457
02:54:06,630 --> 02:54:04,880
they might you know

4458
02:54:08,150 --> 02:54:06,640
they don't have to have neurons but

4459
02:54:09,990 --> 02:54:08,160
don't be surprised about being up a ship

4460
02:54:11,830 --> 02:54:10,000
and you're looking like high giant

4461
02:54:14,550 --> 02:54:11,840
mammoth creature with

4462
02:54:16,710 --> 02:54:14,560
tentacles on your face wow that must be

4463
02:54:19,429 --> 02:54:16,720
really terrifying

4464
02:54:22,230 --> 02:54:19,439
now okay they might be a 50 foot tall

4465
02:54:24,070 --> 02:54:22,240
creature with tentacles that's that's

4466
02:54:26,230 --> 02:54:24,080
is it possible you know honestly

4467
02:54:28,389 --> 02:54:26,240
forbidden by it by evolution

4468
02:54:30,710 --> 02:54:28,399
is it possible

4469
02:54:34,630 --> 02:54:30,720
that there could be

4470
02:54:37,429 --> 02:54:34,640
one inch tall human-like aliens like

4471
02:54:39,110 --> 02:54:37,439
gulliver's travels um only and i keep

4472
02:54:40,150 --> 02:54:39,120
wanting to do an episode on that too

4473
02:54:42,389 --> 02:54:40,160
only

4474
02:54:45,190 --> 02:54:42,399
if they are not using

4475
02:54:47,429 --> 02:54:45,200
the same type of brain setup as we all

4476
02:54:49,269 --> 02:54:47,439
like they are naturally evolved to use

4477
02:54:51,510 --> 02:54:49,279
semiconductors as their brain supply as

4478
02:54:52,950 --> 02:54:51,520
opposed to our style of neurons because

4479
02:54:54,550 --> 02:54:52,960
you that that problem you start trying

4480
02:54:57,269 --> 02:54:54,560
to get that thing micro sized you're not

4481
02:54:59,030 --> 02:54:57,279
going to get there but again we don't

4482
02:55:00,870 --> 02:54:59,040
know i mean the brain is as best we can

4483
02:55:02,950 --> 02:55:00,880
tell just group of neurons that happens

4484
02:55:04,150 --> 02:55:02,960
to evolve into a thinking pattern we

4485
02:55:05,670 --> 02:55:04,160
have no particular reason to think that

4486
02:55:07,510 --> 02:55:05,680
there's not a complete different basis

4487
02:55:09,190 --> 02:55:07,520
for nerve systems that might be

4488
02:55:10,790 --> 02:55:09,200
naturally occurring semiconductors or

4489
02:55:11,990 --> 02:55:10,800
superconductors

4490
02:55:14,389 --> 02:55:12,000
they might come from a planet that's

4491
02:55:17,349 --> 02:55:14,399
covered in frozen helium and it's a

4492
02:55:18,389 --> 02:55:17,359
brisk five degrees kelvin out and uh all

4493
02:55:20,070 --> 02:55:18,399
the time

4494
02:55:21,590 --> 02:55:20,080
and uh they just naturally have

4495
02:55:23,510 --> 02:55:21,600
superconductors and that's what they are

4496
02:55:25,990 --> 02:55:23,520
they are a

4497
02:55:27,429 --> 02:55:26,000
bunch of natural wiring and they in that

4498
02:55:29,429 --> 02:55:27,439
case might actually be

4499
02:55:30,950 --> 02:55:29,439
an icy rock 10 kilometers of rock

4500
02:55:33,349 --> 02:55:30,960
floating through space the size of a

4501
02:55:34,950 --> 02:55:33,359
mountain that is a brain

4502
02:55:40,150 --> 02:55:34,960
so

4503
02:55:42,309 --> 02:55:40,160
cells are cells atoms or atoms

4504
02:55:44,870 --> 02:55:42,319
and now you're talking about a brain

4505
02:55:46,790 --> 02:55:44,880
that would be you know super super tiny

4506
02:55:49,429 --> 02:55:46,800
and there's just not enough room there

4507
02:55:51,590 --> 02:55:49,439
to have the cell capacity for the amount

4508
02:55:53,670 --> 02:55:51,600
of neurons that we have

4509
02:55:55,190 --> 02:55:53,680
here on earth we have this concept

4510
02:55:57,670 --> 02:55:55,200
called academ when we talk about

4511
02:56:00,230 --> 02:55:57,680
claytronics and it's it's the academy a

4512
02:56:01,670 --> 02:56:00,240
clay atom you know the human cell is

4513
02:56:03,670 --> 02:56:01,680
basically the cannon of the human or the

4514
02:56:05,830 --> 02:56:03,680
biological cell was first and you get

4515
02:56:07,269 --> 02:56:05,840
that minimum size building block their

4516
02:56:08,870 --> 02:56:07,279
cattle might be something much smaller

4517
02:56:10,389 --> 02:56:08,880
and much bigger their baseline thing you

4518
02:56:12,790 --> 02:56:10,399
know the lego blocks that they're built

4519
02:56:14,309 --> 02:56:12,800
out of effectively um and people tend to

4520
02:56:16,550 --> 02:56:14,319
forget how complex those are people

4521
02:56:18,389 --> 02:56:16,560
think well you know cells they probably

4522
02:56:19,670 --> 02:56:18,399
got a bunch of atoms how many atoms want

4523
02:56:22,150 --> 02:56:19,680
to sell and say oh

4524
02:56:25,269 --> 02:56:22,160
thousands maybe say well think more like

4525
02:56:27,590 --> 02:56:25,279
trillions you know a atom is to a

4526
02:56:28,870 --> 02:56:27,600
biological cell what a regular masonry

4527
02:56:31,190 --> 02:56:28,880
brick is to

4528
02:56:33,429 --> 02:56:31,200
a metropolis you know cells are

4529
02:56:35,190 --> 02:56:33,439
immensely complicated things

4530
02:56:37,429 --> 02:56:35,200
and they they have to be that big and

4531
02:56:38,950 --> 02:56:37,439
they could be small they would be right

4532
02:56:40,469 --> 02:56:38,960
based on the architecture the design

4533
02:56:42,150 --> 02:56:40,479
amount they might be able to be a lot

4534
02:56:43,990 --> 02:56:42,160
smaller and you know even if you're just

4535
02:56:45,190 --> 02:56:44,000
shaving 10 15 off the size of these

4536
02:56:47,349 --> 02:56:45,200
things you have some serious

4537
02:56:48,389 --> 02:56:47,359
ramifications on that creature but they

4538
02:56:50,070 --> 02:56:48,399
might just use something different for

4539
02:56:51,910 --> 02:56:50,080
their nerves that was faster say yes

4540
02:56:54,230 --> 02:56:51,920
they don't need as much brain because

4541
02:56:55,830 --> 02:56:54,240
the signals move between it faster right

4542
02:56:57,429 --> 02:56:55,840
then you got cooling issues there's so

4543
02:56:59,670 --> 02:56:57,439
many sweet spots these things can hit

4544
02:57:01,670 --> 02:56:59,680
well you know i can talk as much about

4545
02:57:04,150 --> 02:57:01,680
these concepts and you know as i want

4546
02:57:05,510 --> 02:57:04,160
but the answer is i don't know there are

4547
02:57:09,030 --> 02:57:05,520
so many question marks and i think

4548
02:57:14,790 --> 02:57:11,830
episode yeah right right right with the

4549
02:57:15,590 --> 02:57:14,800
little time that we have left um

4550
02:57:17,910 --> 02:57:15,600
uh

4551
02:57:19,269 --> 02:57:17,920
when we talk about the fermi paradox

4552
02:57:21,030 --> 02:57:19,279
there must be

4553
02:57:23,269 --> 02:57:21,040
all this life out there but where is

4554
02:57:24,950 --> 02:57:23,279
everybody and

4555
02:57:27,830 --> 02:57:24,960
one of the things you've talked about

4556
02:57:30,469 --> 02:57:27,840
this a lot is that we have not observed

4557
02:57:33,269 --> 02:57:30,479
any interstellar travel we haven't seen

4558
02:57:35,990 --> 02:57:33,279
any evidence of a galactic trading

4559
02:57:37,510 --> 02:57:36,000
system right we haven't seen anything

4560
02:57:39,830 --> 02:57:37,520
like that out there and if they would

4561
02:57:40,870 --> 02:57:39,840
they would have taken over the milky way

4562
02:57:43,830 --> 02:57:40,880
by now

4563
02:57:45,990 --> 02:57:43,840
and we would see evidence of that

4564
02:57:46,790 --> 02:57:46,000
but could it be

4565
02:57:49,750 --> 02:57:46,800
that

4566
02:57:51,910 --> 02:57:49,760
we haven't seen it because we can't or

4567
02:57:53,429 --> 02:57:51,920
that they are traveling in a way that

4568
02:57:56,070 --> 02:57:53,439
wouldn't

4569
02:57:57,269 --> 02:57:56,080
give us a visual uh

4570
02:57:59,590 --> 02:57:57,279
uh

4571
02:58:00,710 --> 02:57:59,600
evidence between planets

4572
02:58:03,349 --> 02:58:00,720
right that

4573
02:58:04,870 --> 02:58:03,359
because we're thinking too 2d

4574
02:58:08,630 --> 02:58:04,880
and we're thinking

4575
02:58:10,469 --> 02:58:08,640
chemicals and and and rocket engines and

4576
02:58:13,030 --> 02:58:10,479
we don't see that kind of trace evidence

4577
02:58:14,309 --> 02:58:13,040
because they're not using it yeah we you

4578
02:58:15,910 --> 02:58:14,319
know you're talking about quantity on

4579
02:58:17,429 --> 02:58:15,920
things like that be like well would we

4580
02:58:19,590 --> 02:58:17,439
see decentral coming out the back hole

4581
02:58:21,030 --> 02:58:19,600
or black or drive they were doing hockey

4582
02:58:22,710 --> 02:58:21,040
radiation or force feeling of the

4583
02:58:23,910 --> 02:58:22,720
pendulus process you know those are

4584
02:58:25,830 --> 02:58:23,920
things that might be harder to spot or

4585
02:58:28,150 --> 02:58:25,840
easier spot but the other thing they say

4586
02:58:30,870 --> 02:58:28,160
on this one is we must never

4587
02:58:33,750 --> 02:58:30,880
oversimplify another civilization

4588
02:58:36,150 --> 02:58:33,760
um when i remember the old video uh tv

4589
02:58:39,510 --> 02:58:36,160
kill the radio of video kill the t radio

4590
02:58:40,630 --> 02:58:39,520
star yes by the way by the runners the

4591
02:58:43,190 --> 02:58:40,640
ruddles

4592
02:58:45,590 --> 02:58:43,200
yeah and did it kill books no did

4593
02:58:47,830 --> 02:58:45,600
audiobooks kill books no did movies kill

4594
02:58:50,710 --> 02:58:47,840
books no we still have books put on

4595
02:58:52,950 --> 02:58:50,720
paper we still have you know regular

4596
02:58:54,710 --> 02:58:52,960
paintings not just digital art we still

4597
02:58:57,110 --> 02:58:54,720
have regular board games not just

4598
02:58:59,269 --> 02:58:57,120
computer games radio is still around and

4599
02:59:00,790 --> 02:58:59,279
strong even though we have tv still

4600
02:59:03,590 --> 02:59:00,800
around even though youtube's coming out

4601
02:59:05,429 --> 02:59:03,600
there they're not going away so if they

4602
02:59:08,150 --> 02:59:05,439
use one given method for communication

4603
02:59:09,750 --> 02:59:08,160
or one given method for moving around

4604
02:59:11,990 --> 02:59:09,760
this does not mean they don't use the

4605
02:59:13,590 --> 02:59:12,000
other ones too obviously if one is just

4606
02:59:15,269 --> 02:59:13,600
way better across the board at one thing

4607
02:59:17,030 --> 02:59:15,279
it's going to dominate that that

4608
02:59:19,670 --> 02:59:17,040
landscape but when we talk about these

4609
02:59:21,349 --> 02:59:19,680
kind of galactic-sized empires whale is

4610
02:59:22,950 --> 02:59:21,359
the example of one of them just sailing

4611
02:59:24,630 --> 02:59:22,960
a ship how many people these days have

4612
02:59:28,389 --> 02:59:24,640
sailboats

4613
02:59:29,590 --> 02:59:28,399
combustion engines everywhere i'd be

4614
02:59:31,830 --> 02:59:29,600
willing to bet you there are actually

4615
02:59:34,389 --> 02:59:31,840
more sailboats around nowadays than

4616
02:59:36,230 --> 02:59:34,399
there were a couple centuries ago

4617
02:59:37,990 --> 02:59:36,240
and in terms of raw numbers if not

4618
02:59:40,389 --> 02:59:38,000
there's probably not that much less they

4619
02:59:42,309 --> 02:59:40,399
are still here so i i really don't see

4620
02:59:43,910 --> 02:59:42,319
that yes maybe they've got the the

4621
02:59:45,269 --> 02:59:43,920
system that lets them communicate faster

4622
02:59:46,389 --> 02:59:45,279
and light and of course that's all

4623
02:59:47,990 --> 02:59:46,399
they're going to use to talk back and

4624
02:59:49,190 --> 02:59:48,000
forth to install systems but doesn't

4625
02:59:51,269 --> 02:59:49,200
mean that's all they use inside their

4626
02:59:52,550 --> 02:59:51,279
own system might use radio yes they

4627
02:59:53,910 --> 02:59:52,560
might have a ship that can move them

4628
02:59:56,070 --> 02:59:53,920
from point a to point b almost

4629
02:59:57,590 --> 02:59:56,080
instantaneously but does it let them do

4630
03:00:00,630 --> 02:59:57,600
you know planetary travel just you know

4631
03:00:02,870 --> 03:00:00,640
stellar do they use solar sail ships

4632
03:00:05,670 --> 03:00:02,880
we should assume that what we see with

4633
03:00:07,590 --> 03:00:05,680
big civilizations is a vast array of

4634
03:00:09,349 --> 03:00:07,600
options and that's what we're looking

4635
03:00:11,030 --> 03:00:09,359
for there it's not about whether or not

4636
03:00:12,389 --> 03:00:11,040
we could see the ca we can't we can't

4637
03:00:15,030 --> 03:00:12,399
see the subways in new york because we

4638
03:00:16,389 --> 03:00:15,040
go flying ahead they're invisible to us

4639
03:00:18,550 --> 03:00:16,399
but subway's not the only way people

4640
03:00:20,790 --> 03:00:18,560
travel in new york right right we will

4641
03:00:23,429 --> 03:00:20,800
never see those subways flying overhead

4642
03:00:25,910 --> 03:00:23,439
but we will still see travel

4643
03:00:28,389 --> 03:00:25,920
now with the james webb

4644
03:00:30,950 --> 03:00:28,399
telescope and that uh you know today the

4645
03:00:32,950 --> 03:00:30,960
cooling setup for the infrared

4646
03:00:36,150 --> 03:00:32,960
uh portion of it which is how it

4647
03:00:38,150 --> 03:00:36,160
operates is is now good to go

4648
03:00:40,870 --> 03:00:38,160
it is seeing in the infrared i think

4649
03:00:42,550 --> 03:00:40,880
most people are assuming that they just

4650
03:00:44,309 --> 03:00:42,560
naturally think that this is going to be

4651
03:00:46,230 --> 03:00:44,319
full spectrum and that's what they're no

4652
03:00:47,670 --> 03:00:46,240
it this is a telescope that sees an

4653
03:00:48,710 --> 03:00:47,680
infrared

4654
03:00:52,070 --> 03:00:48,720
um

4655
03:00:54,070 --> 03:00:52,080
what if it picks up a telltale sign of

4656
03:00:55,990 --> 03:00:54,080
interstellar travel in the infrared

4657
03:00:57,269 --> 03:00:56,000
spectrum which is entirely in the

4658
03:00:59,590 --> 03:00:57,279
possibility

4659
03:01:00,710 --> 03:00:59,600
especially if it's occurring it could be

4660
03:01:03,910 --> 03:01:00,720
seen

4661
03:01:08,710 --> 03:01:03,920
would they tell us

4662
03:01:11,110 --> 03:01:08,720
mean i'm not i'd have to check with the

4663
03:01:12,950 --> 03:01:11,120
actual pathway for the information going

4664
03:01:14,469 --> 03:01:12,960
if you know from the scope to where it

4665
03:01:16,469 --> 03:01:14,479
is because i don't know

4666
03:01:18,550 --> 03:01:16,479
uh i assume that they would that's the

4667
03:01:20,150 --> 03:01:18,560
official policy and i just know too many

4668
03:01:21,429 --> 03:01:20,160
people astronomy to think that the i

4669
03:01:23,269 --> 03:01:21,439
feel like i would know if there was an

4670
03:01:25,349 --> 03:01:23,279
official clampdown rule in place that

4671
03:01:27,429 --> 03:01:25,359
that people had that uh but i don't know

4672
03:01:29,429 --> 03:01:27,439
you know i think they would tell us i

4673
03:01:31,990 --> 03:01:29,439
don't expect that we see a spaceship in

4674
03:01:34,150 --> 03:01:32,000
infrared though because infrared is cool

4675
03:01:35,510 --> 03:01:34,160
right infrared it's a very wide range

4676
03:01:37,349 --> 03:01:35,520
most of the sun's light is actually

4677
03:01:39,110 --> 03:01:37,359
infrared but in terms of photons coming

4678
03:01:40,389 --> 03:01:39,120
off it um

4679
03:01:41,670 --> 03:01:40,399
and it goes all the way down to about

4680
03:01:43,590 --> 03:01:41,680
the temperature of pluto and you know

4681
03:01:45,750 --> 03:01:43,600
the cosmic microwave background you know

4682
03:01:47,830 --> 03:01:45,760
radiation is the other end of that uh so

4683
03:01:50,630 --> 03:01:47,840
that's a huge range there but you'd

4684
03:01:51,590 --> 03:01:50,640
expect spaceship engines to be really

4685
03:01:52,950 --> 03:01:51,600
hot

4686
03:01:54,710 --> 03:01:52,960
you know you expect them to be plugging

4687
03:01:56,309 --> 03:01:54,720
away probably visible light or high-end

4688
03:01:57,830 --> 03:01:56,319
infrared and that's not really what the

4689
03:02:00,950 --> 03:01:57,840
james webb is looking for it's more

4690
03:02:03,670 --> 03:02:00,960
looking for your kulo bodies you know

4691
03:02:05,990 --> 03:02:03,680
and uh it i mean you could see a space

4692
03:02:07,990 --> 03:02:06,000
station probably you wouldn't see

4693
03:02:09,830 --> 03:02:08,000
habitats a lot of stuff that people are

4694
03:02:11,349 --> 03:02:09,840
calibrated around you know it's like i

4695
03:02:13,830 --> 03:02:11,359
want to build all these big structures

4696
03:02:15,990 --> 03:02:13,840
to live on instead of just planets those

4697
03:02:17,590 --> 03:02:16,000
would be visible they'd be really dim if

4698
03:02:19,590 --> 03:02:17,600
they are of a certain size because it's

4699
03:02:21,110 --> 03:02:19,600
not that big it's not that bright but

4700
03:02:22,550 --> 03:02:21,120
they'd be something you could pick up if

4701
03:02:25,590 --> 03:02:22,560
it was looking at it

4702
03:02:27,269 --> 03:02:25,600
isaac thank you what another great show

4703
03:02:28,790 --> 03:02:27,279
and another great conversation i've got

4704
03:02:30,389 --> 03:02:28,800
10 seconds

4705
03:02:32,150 --> 03:02:30,399
what's your next episode

4706
03:02:34,070 --> 03:02:32,160
and when does it air

4707
03:02:35,750 --> 03:02:34,080
what if earth became a rogue planet

4708
03:02:37,670 --> 03:02:35,760
about the earth being kicked away from

4709
03:02:39,110 --> 03:02:37,680
the sun the sun dying and it comes out

4710
03:02:41,510 --> 03:02:39,120
thursday morning

4711
03:02:44,950 --> 03:02:41,520
my man isaac arthur thank you so much

4712
03:02:47,750 --> 03:02:44,960
isaac behave and be well my friend

4713
03:02:50,070 --> 03:02:47,760
absolutely fantastic conversation

4714
03:02:51,990 --> 03:02:50,080
isaac arthur now it's all simple science

4715
03:02:54,469 --> 03:02:52,000
and futurism with isaac arthur right

4716
03:02:56,830 --> 03:02:54,479
there search for it on youtube i've got

4717
03:02:59,030 --> 03:02:56,840
the links up for

4718
03:03:01,670 --> 03:02:59,040
isaacarthur.net you can click there all

4719
03:03:03,590 --> 03:03:01,680
of the information is right there what a

4720
03:03:06,150 --> 03:03:03,600
great show tonight tomorrow night linda

4721
03:03:08,150 --> 03:03:06,160
moulton howe is with us fade to black is

4722
03:03:10,230 --> 03:03:08,160
produced by hill j palm renee dennis and

4723
03:03:12,790 --> 03:03:10,240
kevin announcers are steve harter gene

4724
03:03:15,110 --> 03:03:12,800
vettel and mark d kovar webmaster is

4725
03:03:16,830 --> 03:03:15,120
drew the geek music doug aldrich intro

4726
03:03:20,550 --> 03:03:16,840
spaceboy

4727
03:03:23,110 --> 03:03:20,560
produced by kjcr for the game changer

4728
03:03:25,190 --> 03:03:23,120
network this broadcast only copyrighted

4729
03:03:27,110 --> 03:03:25,200
2022 by fade to black and the game

4730
03:03:29,429 --> 03:03:27,120
changer network inc it cannot be

4731
03:03:31,670 --> 03:03:29,439
re-broadcast downloaded copied or used

4732
03:03:33,190 --> 03:03:31,680
anywhere in the known universe without

4733
03:03:34,469 --> 03:03:33,200
written permission from fade to black or

4734
03:03:36,389 --> 03:03:34,479
the game changer network i'm your host

4735
03:03:39,510 --> 03:03:36,399
jimmy church until tomorrow night with

4736
03:03:41,190 --> 03:03:39,520
lmh linda molten howe i want everybody

4737
03:03:49,710 --> 03:03:41,200
to be safe

4738
03:03:52,620 --> 03:03:49,930
[Music]

4739
03:04:12,309 --> 03:03:52,630
[Applause]

4740
03:04:12,319 --> 03:04:21,930
so